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Upper Knowledge of Java Streams

Java Streams, introduced in Java 8, provide a functional-style approach to processing collections without storing data. They support intermediate operations like filtering and mapping, as well as terminal operations that trigger execution. Stream pipelines consist of a source, intermediate operations, and a terminal operation, and can be easily parallelized for efficiency.

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0 views3 pages

Upper Knowledge of Java Streams

Java Streams, introduced in Java 8, provide a functional-style approach to processing collections without storing data. They support intermediate operations like filtering and mapping, as well as terminal operations that trigger execution. Stream pipelines consist of a source, intermediate operations, and a terminal operation, and can be easily parallelized for efficiency.

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Java Streams

-By utk

In Java, Streams are a part of the Java Stream API introduced in Java 8. They provide a
modern, functional-style way to process collections of objects. Unlike collections,
Streams don’t store data; they operate on data from a source like a List, Set, or Map,
and perform operations like filtering, mapping, and reducing.

🔹 Basic Concepts of Streams

1. Creating Streams

You can create a stream from collections, arrays, or even generate them:

java
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List<String> names = Arrays.asList("Alice", "Bob", "Charlie");
Stream<String> nameStream = names.stream();

2. Stream Operations

Streams support two types of operations:

• Intermediate Operations (return a new stream; lazy)


o .filter()
o .map()
o .sorted()
o .distinct()
o .limit(), .skip()
• Terminal Operations (trigger execution)
o .forEach()
o .collect()
o .reduce()
o .count()
o .anyMatch(), .allMatch(), .noneMatch()
🔹 Example: Filtering and Mapping
java
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List<String> names = Arrays.asList("John", "Jane", "Jack", "Jill");

List<String> filtered = names.stream()


.filter(name -> name.startsWith("J"))
.map(String::toUpperCase)
.collect(Collectors.toList());

System.out.println(filtered); // [JOHN, JANE, JACK, JILL]

🔹 Stream Pipelines
A stream pipeline consists of:

1. A source (like a collection)


2. Zero or more intermediate operations
3. A terminal operation

Example:

java
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int sum = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
.stream()
.filter(n -> n % 2 == 0)
.mapToInt(n -> n * 2)
.sum(); // Output: 12 (2*2 + 4*2)
🔹 Parallel Streams
Streams can be parallelized easily:

java
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list.parallelStream().forEach(System.out::println);

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