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Advanced SQL Interview Questions With Examples

The document provides a comprehensive SQL syllabus with examples, including the creation and insertion of sample tables for employees, departments, and orders. It also features 30 intermediate to advanced SQL queries covering various topics such as salary comparisons, employee rankings, and order statistics. Each query is designed to demonstrate practical SQL applications and data manipulation techniques.

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0 views4 pages

Advanced SQL Interview Questions With Examples

The document provides a comprehensive SQL syllabus with examples, including the creation and insertion of sample tables for employees, departments, and orders. It also features 30 intermediate to advanced SQL queries covering various topics such as salary comparisons, employee rankings, and order statistics. Each query is designed to demonstrate practical SQL applications and data manipulation techniques.

Uploaded by

jawarimandiofficial
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complete SQL Syllabus with Examples (Colored)

Create and Insert Sample Tables

-- Create Employees table


CREATE TABLE employees (
emp_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(50),
department_id INT,
salary DECIMAL(10,2),
gender VARCHAR(10),
hire_date DATE
);

-- Insert data into Employees


INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, name, department_id, salary, gender, hire_date) VALUES
(1, 'Alice', 101, 75000, 'Female', '2021-03-01'),
(2, 'Bob', 102, 62000, 'Male', '2020-06-15'),
(3, 'Carol', 101, 68000, 'Female', '2019-07-30'),
(4, 'David', 103, 72000, 'Male', '2022-01-12'),
(5, 'Eva', 102, 50000, 'Female', '2021-09-25');

-- Create Departments table


CREATE TABLE departments (
department_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
department_name VARCHAR(50)
);

-- Insert data into Departments


INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name) VALUES
(101, 'Sales'),
(102, 'Marketing'),
(103, 'IT');

-- Create Orders table


CREATE TABLE orders (
order_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
emp_id INT,
order_amount DECIMAL(10,2),
order_date DATE
);

-- Insert data into Orders


INSERT INTO orders (order_id, emp_id, order_amount, order_date) VALUES
(1, 1, 1200.00, '2023-01-10'),
(2, 2, 300.50, '2023-01-12'),
(3, 1, 450.00, '2023-02-10'),
(4, 3, 2000.00, '2023-02-15'),
(5, 5, 600.00, '2023-03-05');
Complete SQL Syllabus with Examples (Colored)

30 Intermediate to Advanced SQL Questions with Queries

1. List all employees earning above average salary:


SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > (SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees);

2. Find departments with more than one employee:


SELECT department_id, COUNT(*) FROM employees GROUP BY department_id HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

3. Show highest salary per department:


SELECT department_id, MAX(salary) AS max_salary FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;

4. Retrieve employees along with their department names:


SELECT e.name, d.department_name FROM employees e JOIN departments d ON e.department_id =
d.department_id;

5. Employees who have placed at least one order:


SELECT DISTINCT e.name FROM employees e JOIN orders o ON e.emp_id = o.emp_id;

6. Total order amount by employee:


SELECT emp_id, SUM(order_amount) AS total_sales FROM orders GROUP BY emp_id;

7. Rank employees by salary within departments:


SELECT name, department_id, salary,
RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY department_id ORDER BY salary DESC) AS dept_rank FROM employees;

8. Get second highest salary:


SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees WHERE salary < (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees);

9. Get departments with average salary > 60000:


SELECT department_id FROM employees GROUP BY department_id HAVING AVG(salary) > 60000;

10. Count male and female employees per department:


SELECT department_id,
SUM(CASE WHEN gender = 'Male' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS males,
SUM(CASE WHEN gender = 'Female' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS females
FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;

11. Employees who haven't placed any orders:


SELECT name FROM employees WHERE emp_id NOT IN (SELECT emp_id FROM orders);

12. Employees hired after 2021-01-01:


SELECT * FROM employees WHERE hire_date > '2021-01-01';

13. Show latest order per employee:


SELECT * FROM (
SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY emp_id ORDER BY order_date DESC) AS rn FROM orders
) t WHERE rn = 1;

14. Average order amount per month:


Complete SQL Syllabus with Examples (Colored)

SELECT EXTRACT(MONTH FROM order_date) AS month, AVG(order_amount) FROM orders GROUP BY month;

15. Categorize employees by salary group:


SELECT name, salary,
CASE
WHEN salary > 70000 THEN 'High'
WHEN salary BETWEEN 60000 AND 70000 THEN 'Medium'
ELSE 'Low'
END AS salary_level FROM employees;

16. Calculate running total of order amounts:


SELECT order_id, emp_id, order_amount,
SUM(order_amount) OVER (ORDER BY order_date) AS running_total FROM orders;

17. Number of days between hire date and today:


SELECT name, CURRENT_DATE - hire_date AS days_in_company FROM employees;

18. Retrieve all orders with employee and department info:


SELECT o.order_id, o.order_amount, e.name, d.department_name
FROM orders o JOIN employees e ON o.emp_id = e.emp_id
JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id;

19. Top 2 salaries per department:


WITH ranked_salaries AS (
SELECT *, RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY department_id ORDER BY salary DESC) AS rnk FROM employees
)
SELECT * FROM ranked_salaries WHERE rnk <= 2;

20. Get employee who made the highest order:


SELECT e.name, o.order_amount FROM orders o
JOIN employees e ON o.emp_id = e.emp_id
WHERE o.order_amount = (SELECT MAX(order_amount) FROM orders);

21. Total salary per gender:


SELECT gender, SUM(salary) FROM employees GROUP BY gender;

22. Use CTE to filter employees in Sales earning over 65000:


WITH sales_emps AS (
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = 101
)
SELECT * FROM sales_emps WHERE salary > 65000;

23. Number of employees hired each year:


SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM hire_date) AS year, COUNT(*) FROM employees GROUP BY year;

24. Self-join to show manager-employee relation (assume manager_id exists):


-- Assuming manager_id in employees
SELECT e.name AS employee, m.name AS manager
FROM employees e JOIN employees m ON e.manager_id = m.emp_id;
Complete SQL Syllabus with Examples (Colored)

25. Non-equi join simulation - range-based salary classification (hypothetical):


-- Assuming a salary_grade table
-- SELECT e.name, g.grade FROM employees e JOIN salary_grade g ON e.salary BETWEEN g.min_sal AND
g.max_sal;

26. Find employee(s) with the most orders:


SELECT emp_id FROM orders GROUP BY emp_id ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC LIMIT 1;

27. Compare each employee's salary to department average:


SELECT name, salary, department_id,
AVG(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY department_id) AS dept_avg_salary FROM employees;

28. Find duplicated employee names (if any):


SELECT name, COUNT(*) FROM employees GROUP BY name HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

29. Employees earning same as someone else in another department:


SELECT e1.name, e1.salary FROM employees e1
WHERE EXISTS (
SELECT 1 FROM employees e2 WHERE e1.salary = e2.salary AND e1.department_id != e2.department_id
);

30. Employees who made orders > 1000 and are in IT:
SELECT e.name, o.order_amount FROM employees e
JOIN orders o ON e.emp_id = o.emp_id
WHERE o.order_amount > 1000 AND e.department_id = 103;

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