MODULE IN

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING

PROGRAM 1

UNIT I: SELF-AWARENESS
AND VALUES
DEVELOPMENT

Created by: Gomez, Alaiza Mae G., Fabiliar, Angela, Cortez, Christine
May, Quinto, Alexandra, Mapa, Margarette, Mercado, Renzlie Red,
Abaigar, Philip Jhun
Course/Sec: BSEd-English 1B
Instructor: Ms. Mary Grace A. Caliwan
I. Introduction

Self-awareness is the ability to focus on oneself and how one's

behaviors, ideas, or emotions correspond with internal norms.

II. Table of Content

 The different aspects of self to fully understand individual’s

human behavior

 Evaluation of oneself using self-awareness theory.

 Commitment to uphold the Filipino core values in supporting

NSTP activities and in performing their roles as individuals.

III. Pre-test:

Arrange the Jumbled letters to identify the following words that are related
in this topic.

a. MUNHA VEBORIHA
b. FLSE-ESAREWNSAS
c. ORCE-LSVUAE
d. FLSE-ESAREWNSAS YETHRO
e. EUSLVA TNEMEDVEOPL

IV. Objectives

 Describe the different aspects of self to fully understand

individual’s human behavior
 Evaluate oneself using self- awareness theory
 Express commitment to uphold the Filipino core values in supporting
NSTP activities and in performing their roles as individuals.
V. Lecture notes and lesson content

 HUMAN BEHAVIOR

Human behavior is the potential and expressed capacity

(mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups to
respond to internal and external stimuli throughout their life. Behavior is
driven by genetic and environmental factors that affect an individual.
Behavior is also driven, in part, by thoughts and feelings, which provide
insight into individual psyche, revealing such things
as attitudes and values. Human behavior is shaped by psychological
Traits, as personality types vary from person to person, producing
different actions and behavior.

To understand human behavior, people should know the different

aspects of self. To simply understand, One constructive approach is to
examine the self through the four facets or aspects, namely the
physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual self. If one of these failed to
handle, people may lose their control.

The Physical Self

Our physical bodies are probably the most obvious aspect of one’s
self. Consider for a moment that when the body is in great pain or distress our
awareness of our bodies is usually strongest. In contrast, when we feel
physically OK, we tend to block our awareness of our physical body and raise
awareness of the other aspects of our self, such as our thoughts or our
emotions. Even though we may not be consciously aware of each level of self
at any given moment, each level affects the other levels of self – independent
of our awareness. For example, feeling physically uncomfortable can lead to
feeling emotionally uncomfortable, as well as feeling emotionally
uncomfortable can lead to changes in our physical feelings.

At a period of discomfort, examining one’s physical self requires an

examination of one’s physical environment, such that what emerges is the
recognition that the two mutually interact, transform, and reinforce each other.
This aspect of one’s environment and one’s self interacting with and changing

each other is important to remember not only in examining the physical self
and the physical environment, but at all levels of self-examination.

Just as there is a physical environment that interacts with a physical self, there
is a mental environment, emotional environment, and spiritual environment
that interacts with each corresponding level of self. This understanding of the
interconnected within our self becomes vital to the concept of inter-
dependency among and between all human beings.

The Emotional Self

As human beings we are capable of being aware of oneself on an emotional

level – which means that we are aware of our emotions. Frequently however
emotion often gets undervalued or even ridiculed in our dominant culture that
typically values ideas such as logic and reason. Consider for example how
when someone becomes emotionally expressive a colleague may well tell
them to calm down – or to get a grip. Being emotionally expressive is

considered to be out of control. Consequently, many believe that emotions

are things to be avoided, but such a response would be harmful. Emotions
have a function in our life and have served our wellbeing – they serve an
important purpose in providing the self with information about the
environment around us, as well as motivation for what to avoid or embrace in
that environment.

The Mental Self

The mental aspect of the self includes our thoughts and our imagination. Like
the experience within the physical self and the source of emotional feelings,
thoughts also have the capacity to come upon us without our control, but it is
far easier to consciously change our thoughts, especially when we practice
being more aware of them in the first place. When we think for example, we
often think in sentences or words, but just as often, we can think in images or
words and phrases that act as a kind of shorthand. In these “shorthand”
moments, it is quite easy for thoughts to get distorted and not accurately
reflect a true situation.

The Spiritual Self

Exploration of the spiritual self is not about any one religious’ belief, nor does
it reject any religious belief, either. When we use the term spirit here, we
understand that it is not meant in a religious sense. Instead, the spiritual self is
about our continuing sense of identity. The spiritual self is the realm of what
we as a human being value. For each of us it is our world view and the source

of our motivation. If the emotional self and mental self are about the feelings
and thoughts that we experience as a human being in a given moment, then
the spiritual self is about the interconnected of thoughts and feelings over
time that forms into a sense of our personal identity.

References:

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/4-steps-greater-self-awareness-dr-
martina-carroll-garrison-dr-tina-?fbclid=IwY2xjawFPfF5leH

 SELF-AWARENESS THEORY

Self-awareness is defined as "conscious knowledge of one's own

character, feelings, motives, and desires," according to Oxford
Language.

Self-awareness is the capacity to take oneself as the object of

thought—people can think, act, and experience, and they can also
think about what they are thinking, doing, and experiencing. In social
psychology, the study of self-awareness is traced to Shelley Duval and
Robert Wicklund’s (1972) landmark theory of self-awareness. Duval and
Wicklund proposed that, at a given moment, people can focus
attention on the self or on the external environment. Focusing on the
self enables self-evaluation. When self-focused, people compare the
self with standards of correctness that specify how the self ought to
think, feel, and behave. The process of comparing the self with
standards allows people to change their behavior and to experience
pride and dissatisfaction with the self. Self-awareness is thus a major
mechanism of self-control.

Research since the 1970s has strongly supported self-awareness theory

(Duval and Silvia 2001). When people focus attention on the self, they
compare the self with standards, try harder to meet standards, and
show stronger emotional responses to meeting or failing to meet a
standard. The tendency to change the self to match a standard

depends on other variables, particularly perceptions of how hard it will

be to attain the standard. Remarkably, many experiments have shown
that when people are not self-focused, their actions are often
unrelated to their personal standards—self-awareness is needed for
people to reduce disparities between their actions and their ideals.
Self-awareness theory was enriched by new research methods.

According to the theory, anything that makes people focus attention

on the self will increase self-awareness. Researchers accomplish this by
placing people in front of large mirrors, videotaping them, having
people listen to recordings of their voices, or making people feel like
they stick out. Momentary levels of self-awareness are measured by
people’s use of self-referential words and pronouns and by how quickly
people recognize self-relevant information.
TYPES OF SELF-AWARENESS

 PUBLIC SELF-AWARENESS OR EXTERNAL SELF-AWARENESS

is the recognition of how you appear to others and how you fit
into the social environment. It is also important as it helps you build
healthy relationships, present yourself positively in public settings, and
navigate social norms.

 PRIVATE SELF-AWARENESS OR INTERNAL SELF-AWARENESS

is the recognition of your inner feelings, thoughts, and motivations.

This level is all about knowing what makes you tick, being aware of
your preferences, life goals, and values.

 Approaches to Understand oneself

Self Concept -This refers to your perception of yourself and

how you define and understand yourself as a
multidimensional (physical, spiritual,
emotional, social, and moral) human being
Self-esteem- This refers to a positive or negative self
evaluation of the self-concept.

Self-worth- This refers to how much you value

yourself.

SelfEfficacy- This refers to your belief and

confidence that you can accomplish
tasks and control your environment.
Self Complexity -This refers to the varying ways in
which you can think about yourself,
which can be high or low according to
researchers

References:
Duval, Shelley, and Robert A. Wicklund. 1972. A Theory of Objective Self
Awareness. New York: Academic Press.
Duval, Thomas Shelley, and Paul J. Silvia. 2001. Self-Awareness and Causal Attribution:
A Dual Systems Theory. New York: Kluwer Academic Press. Self-Awareness Theory |
Encyclopedia.com
Self-Awareness: Definition, Importance, & Challenges (upjourney.com)

 Commitment to uphold the Filipino core values in supporting NSTP

activities and in performing their roles as individuals.

The Filipino core values refers to the set of values that a majority of the
Filipino have historically held important in their lives. It includes its own
unique assemblage of consistent ideologies, moral codes, ethical
practices, etiquette and cultural and personal values that are
promoted by the society. However, the values that an individual holds
can differ on the basis of religion, upbringing and other factors. As a
general description, the distinct value system of Filipinos is rooted
primarily in personal alliance systems, especially those based in kinship,
obligation, friendship, religion and commercial relationships.
 PHILIPPINE CORE VALUES
The promotion of the Filipino Values is embodied in the Preamble of the
1987 Constitution.

1.MAKA-DIYOS- Faith in the Almighty, respect for life, order, integrity,

concern for family and future generations.
2.MAKA-TAO- Focuses on truth, justice, freedom, love equality and
peace.
3.MAKA-BAYAN- Includes respect for law, the government of the
Republic of the Philippines and its instruments, patriotism, promotion of
the common good and building a just and humane society.
4.MAKA-KALIKASAN- Involves in the conservation and development of
our patrimony.

Here are some ways in which NSTP participants can demonstrate their
commitment to Filipino core values:

Maka-Diyos: Demonstrate their faith and spirituality by volunteering for

community service projects related to religious organizations or
institutions.
Makatao: Show compassion and empathy by helping those in need,
such as the elderly, disabled, or disadvantaged.
Maka-Kalikasan: Protect the environment by participating in tree-
planting activities, clean-up drives, or environmental awareness
campaigns.
Makabansa: Contribute to national development by participating in
civic engagement activities, such as voting, paying taxes, or joining
community organizations.

References:
LTS 1 M2 - b.docx.pdf - Module 2: Part 2: Self-Awareness and Values Development
OVERVIEW Values are deeply held beliefs that path our daily decisions. | Course Hero
VI. Post-test

A. IDENTIFICATION: Identify what is being asked on the following

questions. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. ___________ is the potential and expressed capacity

(mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups
to respond to internal and external stimuli throughout their life.
2. ____________ refers to the set of values that a majority of the
Filipino have historically held important in their lives.
3. ____________ is the recognition of how you appear to others
and how you fit into the social environment.
4. ___________ This refers to how much you value yourself.
5. ___________ is defined as "conscious knowledge of one's own
character, feelings, motives, and desires,"

B. TRUE OR FALSE: Read the following statement, CAREFULLY. Write TRUE

if the statement is CORRECT and FALSE if it is WRONG.

1. Human Behavior is defined as "conscious knowledge of one's own

character, feelings, motives, and desires," according to Oxford Language.
2. The core value Maka-Kalikasan promotes the conservation and
development of our patrimony.
3. Being maka-bayan only means showing respect for the national flag or
singing the national anthem.
4. SelfComplexity refers to your perception of yourself and how you define
and understand yourself as a multidimensional (physical, spiritual,
emotional, social, and moral) human being.
5. The core value maka-tao focuses on truth, justice, freedom, love equality
and peace.

VII. ASSIGNMENT

In 100 words, explain the importance of self-awareness on oneself. Write it on

one whole yellow pad.