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Pandas_Matplotlib_QA class 12

The document provides an overview of the Pandas library in Python, detailing its main data structures, Series and DataFrame, and their differences. It includes examples of creating Series and DataFrames, handling missing data, and performing basic operations, as well as an introduction to Matplotlib for data visualization. Key functions and methods in both libraries are explained with code snippets for practical understanding.

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samurai867488
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1 views4 pages

Pandas_Matplotlib_QA class 12

The document provides an overview of the Pandas library in Python, detailing its main data structures, Series and DataFrame, and their differences. It includes examples of creating Series and DataFrames, handling missing data, and performing basic operations, as well as an introduction to Matplotlib for data visualization. Key functions and methods in both libraries are explained with code snippets for practical understanding.

Uploaded by

samurai867488
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. What is Pandas? Name the two main data structures in Pandas.

Pandas is an open-source Python library used for data manipulation and analysis. The two main

data structures are Series and DataFrame.

2. Differentiate between Series and DataFrame with an example.

A Series is a one-dimensional labeled array, while a DataFrame is a two-dimensional labeled data

structure. Example:

Series:

s = pd.Series([10, 20, 30])

DataFrame:

df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2], 'B': [3, 4]})

3. Write Python code to create a Series from a list, a dictionary, and a NumPy array.

From list:

pd.Series([1, 2, 3])

From dictionary:

pd.Series({'a': 1, 'b': 2})

From NumPy array:

pd.Series(np.array([4, 5, 6]))

4. How can you change the index of a Pandas Series?

Use the index parameter or assign to .index:

s.index = ['a', 'b', 'c']

5. Explain the use of head() and tail() methods in Pandas.

head() shows the first 5 rows; tail() shows the last 5 rows of the DataFrame or Series.

6. What are the key features of Pandas?

Key features include:

- Fast and efficient DataFrame object

- Tools for reading/writing data


- Handling missing data

- Data alignment and reshaping

7. Write a Python program to perform basic operations on Series (addition, subtraction).

s1 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3])

s2 = pd.Series([4, 5, 6])

Addition: s1 + s2

Subtraction: s1 - s2

8. What is the difference between iloc[] and loc[]?

iloc[] is for integer-location based indexing; loc[] is label-based indexing.

9. How do you check for null values in a DataFrame?

Use df.isnull() to check nulls; df.isnull().sum() to count nulls per column.

10. Write a program to create a DataFrame from a dictionary of lists.

data = {'Name': ['A', 'B'], 'Marks': [90, 85]}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

11. What are the different ways to read data into a DataFrame in Pandas?

Ways include: read_csv(), read_excel(), read_json(), read_sql(), read_html()

12. Explain the use of read_csv() and to_csv() with an example.

read_csv('data.csv') reads CSV file.

to_csv('output.csv') writes DataFrame to CSV.

13. How can you display only specific columns from a DataFrame?

Use column names: df[['col1', 'col2']]

14. What does the describe() function return in a DataFrame?

It returns summary statistics (count, mean, std, min, max, etc.) for numeric columns.

15. Write a Python program to read a CSV file and display basic statistics.

df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')
print(df.describe())

16. How can you handle missing data in Pandas?

Use methods like fillna(), dropna(), or interpolate().

17. Write code to sort a DataFrame based on values of a particular column.

df.sort_values(by='column_name', ascending=True)

18. What is the use of the groupby() function? Give an example.

groupby() is used for grouping data and applying aggregation.

Example: df.groupby('column').mean()

19. Explain the difference between drop() and del.

drop() removes columns/rows and returns a new object. del deletes a column in-place.

20. How can you filter rows in a DataFrame using conditions?

Use boolean indexing: df[df['column'] > value]

21. What is Matplotlib? Why is it used?

Matplotlib is a Python library for creating static, interactive, and animated plots.

22. Differentiate between plot() and bar() functions in Matplotlib.

plot() is for line plots; bar() is for bar charts.

23. Write a Python program to draw a line plot using Matplotlib.

plt.plot([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])

plt.show()

24. How do you add labels and title to a plot?

Use plt.xlabel(), plt.ylabel(), and plt.title()

25. What is the purpose of the legend() function?

legend() displays the labels for different plot elements.

26. Write a program to create a bar chart for student marks in 5 subjects.
subjects = ['Math', 'Sci', 'Eng', 'Hist', 'Geo']

marks = [90, 80, 85, 70, 75]

plt.bar(subjects, marks)

plt.show()

27. How can you plot multiple lines on the same graph?

Call plt.plot() multiple times before plt.show().

28. Explain the parameters of plt.plot().

x, y: data points; label: legend label; color: line color; linestyle: style of line etc.

29. What is the role of show() and savefig() in Matplotlib?

show() displays the plot; savefig() saves the plot to a file.

30. Write a program to create a pie chart showing percentage distribution of expenses.

expenses = [300, 200, 150]

labels = ['Rent', 'Food', 'Transport']

plt.pie(expenses, labels=labels, autopct='%1.1f%%')

plt.show()

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