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Operations Research: The OR Process

Operations research (OR) is a process that assists decision makers. The OR process involves several steps: (1) recognizing the problem situation and collecting relevant data, (2) formulating the problem by defining variables, constraints, and potential measures of effectiveness, (3) constructing a mathematical model of the situation, (4) finding a solution to the model using techniques like linear programming or simulation, (5) establishing a procedure for implementing and testing the solution, and (6) implementing the solution and monitoring its impact. The overall goal of OR is to solve problems and improve system performance using analytical and numerical modeling techniques.

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Sari Ayu
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33 views6 pages

Operations Research: The OR Process

Operations research (OR) is a process that assists decision makers. The OR process involves several steps: (1) recognizing the problem situation and collecting relevant data, (2) formulating the problem by defining variables, constraints, and potential measures of effectiveness, (3) constructing a mathematical model of the situation, (4) finding a solution to the model using techniques like linear programming or simulation, (5) establishing a procedure for implementing and testing the solution, and (6) implementing the solution and monitoring its impact. The overall goal of OR is to solve problems and improve system performance using analytical and numerical modeling techniques.

Uploaded by

Sari Ayu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operations Research

The OR Process

What is OR?
It is a Process It assists Decision Makers It has a set of Tools It is applicable in many Situations

The Process: Recognize the Problem


Manufacturing
Situation

Data

Planning Design Scheduling Dealing with Defects Dealing with Variability Dealing with Inventory

Other applications
Situation

Data

Service Industries Logistics Transportation Environment Health Care Situations with complexity Situations with uncertainty

Formulate the Problem


Situation
Formulate the Problem

Problem Statement

Data

Define the problem Delimit the system Select measures

Determine variables Identify constraints

Construct a Model

Situation

Formulate the Problem

Problem Statement

Data

Math. Programming Model Stochastic Model Statistical Model Simulation Model

Construct a Model

Model

Find a Solution

Situation

Formulate the Problem

Problem Statement

Data

Linear Programming Nonlinear Programming Regression Find a Solution Direct Search Stochastic Optimization Trial and Error Solution

Construct a Model

Model

Tools

Establish a Procedure
Production software Easy to use Easy to maintain Acceptable to the user

Situation

Formulate the Problem

Problem Statement

Data

Construct a Model

Model

Solution
Find a Solution

Establish a Procedure
Solution
Tools

Implement the Solution

Situation

Formulate the Problem

Problem Statement

Data Change for the organization Implement the Solution Change is difficult Establish controls to Solution recognize change in Establish the situation a Procedure

Construct a Model

Model

Find a Solution

Solution

Tools

The Goal is to Solve the Problem

Situation

Formulate the Problem


Implement a Solution

Problem Statement

Data Construct a Model

The model must be the Solution valid Solution The model must be tractable Establish a Procedure The solution must be Test the Model and the Solution useful

Implement

Model

Find a Solution

Solution

Tools

Operations Research/Management Science


OR/MS Professionals aim to provide rational bases for decision making by seeking to understand and structure complex situations and to use this understanding to predict system behavior and improve system performance. Much of this work is done using analytical and numerical techniques to develop and manipulate mathematical and computer models of organizational systems composed of people, machines, and procedures. Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences

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