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Two Dimensional Array

The document explains the concept of two-dimensional arrays in C, describing their structure as arrays of arrays organized in rows and columns. It provides syntax for declaring and initializing 2D arrays, along with an example of traversing a 2D array and performing matrix multiplication. Additionally, it includes sample code for both the initialization and multiplication processes, along with expected outputs.

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1 views4 pages

Two Dimensional Array

The document explains the concept of two-dimensional arrays in C, describing their structure as arrays of arrays organized in rows and columns. It provides syntax for declaring and initializing 2D arrays, along with an example of traversing a 2D array and performing matrix multiplication. Additionally, it includes sample code for both the initialization and multiplication processes, along with expected outputs.

Uploaded by

ajayratthinam0402
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Two Dimensional Array in C

The two-dimensional array can be defined as an array of arrays. The 2D array is organized as
matrices which can be represented as the collection of rows and columns. However, 2D arrays
are created to implement a relational database lookalike data structure. It provides ease of
holding the bulk of data at once which can be passed to any number of functions wherever
required.

Declaration of two dimensional Array in C

The syntax to declare the 2D array is given below.

data_type array_name[rows][columns];

Consider the following example.

int twodimen[4][3];

Here, 4 is the number of rows, and 3 is the number of columns.

Initialization of 2D Array in C

In the 1D array, we don't need to specify the size of the array if the declaration and initialization
are being done simultaneously. However, this will not work with 2D arrays. We will have to
define at least the second dimension of the array. The two-dimensional array can be declared and
defined in the following way.

int arr[4][3]={{1,2,3},{2,3,4},{3,4,5},{4,5,6}};
Two-dimensional array example in C

1. #include<stdio.h>
2. int main(){
3. int i=0,j=0;
4. int arr[4][3]={{1,2,3},{2,3,4},{3,4,5},{4,5,6}};
5. //traversing 2D array
6. for(i=0;i<4;i++){
7. for(j=0;j<3;j++){
8. printf("arr[%d] [%d] = %d \n",i,j,arr[i][j]);
9. }//end of j
10. }//end of i
11. return 0;
12. }

Output

arr[0][0] = 1
arr[0][1] = 2
arr[0][2] = 3
arr[1][0] = 2
arr[1][1] = 3
arr[1][2] = 4
arr[2][0] = 3
arr[2][1] = 4
arr[2][2] = 5
arr[3][0] = 4
arr[3][1] = 5
arr[3][2] = 6
MATRIX MULTIPLICATION
#include <stdio.h>
intmain()
{
int m, n, p, q, i, j, k;
int matrix1[10][10], matrix2[10][10], multiplication[10][10];

printf(“enter number of rows and columns of matrix1\n”);


scanf(“%d%d”, &m, &n);

printf(“enter number of rows and columns of matrix2\n”);


scanf(“%d%d”, &p, &q);

if (n != p)
{
printf(“since number of columns of first matrix\n”);
printf(“is not equal to number of rows of second matrix,\n”);
printf(“hence both matrices are not multiplication compatible,\n”);
printf(“and we cannot multiply these matrices.\n”);
return0;
}
printf(“enter %d elements of matrix1 of %dx%d\n”,m*n,m,n);

for (i =0; i< m; i++)


for (j =0; j < n; j++)
scanf(“%d”, &matrix1[i][j]);

printf(“enter %d elements of matrix2 of %dx%d\n”,p*q,p,q);

for (i =0; i< p; i++)


for (j =0; j < q; j++)
scanf(“%d”, &matrix2[i][j]);
for (i =0; i< m; i++)
for (j =0; j < q; j++)
{
multiplication[i][j]=0;
for (k =0; k < p; k++)
multiplication[i][j] = multiplication[i][j] + matrix1[i][k]*matrix2[k][j];
}
printf(“product / multiplication of the two matrices is as follows:\n”);
for (i =0; i< m; i++)
{
for (j =0; j < q; j++)
printf(“%d\t”, multiplication[i][j]);
printf(“\n”);
}
return0;
}

OUTPUT:
Enter number of rows and columns of matrix1
2
2
Enter number of rows and columns of matrix2
2
2
Enter 4 elements of matrix1 of 2×2
-1 4 2 3
Enter 4 elements of matrix2 of 2×2
9 -3 6 1
Product / Multiplication of the two matrices is as follows:
15 7
36 -3

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