TEST ELECTRONICS

COMPONENTS
COMMON COMPENTENCIES UNIT 7
 LEARNING OUTCOME

 Determine criteria for testing electronics

components.
 Plan an approach for component testing.
 Test components.
 Evaluate the testing process.
Determine criteria for testing
electronics components.
The test criteria comprise the measurement of the forward voltage and also the measurement of a reverse
current 1 and of a reverse current 2 in the components under consideration. The forward voltage and the
reverse current are characteristic electrical parameters of a diode.

How do you identify electronic components?

Electronic components contain some marking or writing on their body or packaging to represent their value or
part number, respectively. From the specific marking on the body of the component, identification is possible.
For example, in color-coded resistors, the bands of color give the value of the resistor.
What are the objectives of testing electronic components?
Testing electronic components is a vital process for ensuring the quality, reliability, and safety of electronic
products. Testing can help identify and eliminate defects, errors, and failures that may affect the performance or
functionality of the components or the whole system.

When should you test electronic components?

Here are three key reasons why product manufacturers need to test electronics components before and after
manufacturing. Electronics components testing must occur before and after manufacturing, and producers
should never treat that step as an afterthought.

3 reasons to test electronics components

 Uncover possible instances of counterfeiting
 Ensure products or features perform as expected
 Reduce recall risks
What is test criteria?
Test criteria help the tester to organise the test process. They should be chosen in accordance with the
available test effort. Test coverage measures are defined as a ratio between the test cases required for
satisfying the criteria and those of these which have been executed.

Why do we need to test components?

Electronic component testing is an essential stage in your supply chain to ensure that the components you
purchase are genuine and perform as expected. Without testing, you could end up with any old components.

What is the importance of testing component / component testing?

Implementing component testing is beneficial because it can reveal bugs and errors that users might
encounter. It is always better to catch and fix these errors before users know about them. There are two
types of component testing: component testing in small and component testing in large.
How do you plan an approach for component testing?
The Component testing process involves several stages crucial for ensuring product quality.
1.Step1: Requirement Analysis. The first and key aspect process is Requirement Analysis.
2.Step2: Test Planning.
3.Step3: Test Specification.
4.Step4: Test Implementation.
5.Step5: Test Verification.
6.Step6: Completion.
7.Step7: Test Automation.

What is functional testing of electronic components?

Functional testing is a method of verifying that an electronic component or system performs as expected under
specific conditions. It can help you improve the reliability of your designs by detecting and correcting errors,
defects, and failures before they cause problems in the field.
What are the four criteria for testing?
In other words, testing and selection has to be achievable. Every test needs to satisfy all four criteria (OVRE)
in order to select the best rowers.
 Objective
 Validity
 Reliability
 Economy
 Plan an approach for
component testing.
How do you establish test criteria?
•Step 1: Analyze the product.
•Step 2: Develop a Test Strategy. Define the Scope of Testing. Identify Testing Type. ...
•Step 3: Define Test Objective.
•Step 4: Define Test Criteria. Suspension Criteria. ...
•Step 5: Resource Planning. Human resource. ...
•Step 6: Plan Test Environment. 5.6. ...
•Step 7: Schedule & Estimation.
•Step 8: Test Deliverables

What are the entry criteria for testing?

Entry Criteria
Verify if the Test environment is available and ready for use.
Verify if test tools installed in the environment are ready for use.
Verify if Testable code is available.
Verify if Test Data is available and validated for correctness of Data.
What is used for testing components?
By doing component testing, bugs can be found at a very early stage in the cycle and helps save time.
Debugging tools or unit test structure tools are used for this type of testing since this is done by programmers
on the code written by them and with the support of integrated development environment.

Here are the four testing phases:

 Material-level Testing. At the pre-component stage, testing must be conducted on the wide bandgap
material itself, followed by testing at the wafer stage, to determine the specifications of its behavior.
 Component-level Testing.
 Circuit-level Testing.
 System-level Testing.

What is the standard for component testing?

Component testing is the process of testing and evaluating specific parts independently without integrating
with the larger piece of equipment. This procedure allows for deeper analysis whether the specific part will be
reliable, the design geometry will work, or if new components are needed.
Test components.
What are 4 methods for testing electronics components?
•Method 1: Visual inspection.
•Method 2: By using a Multimeter (Off circuit capacitors)
•Method 3: By using an ESR meter (In circuit capacitors)
•Method 4: Using the M328 component tester.

What is the instrument used to test the electronic component?

A multimeter is an electronic instrument used to measure the three basic electrical characteristics: voltage,
current and resistance. It has multiple functions and acts like ohmmeter, voltmeter and ammeter and also
used for household wiring, electric motors, testing batteries and power supplies.

What are the 3 key criteria for performance testing?

The main objectives of performance testing should include the following:
 Defining The Metrics And Measurements For AUT (Application Under Test): It is vital to understand what
defines a 'good' performance level.
 Making Effective Test Cases:
 Meaningful Analysis Of The Test Results:
What is system testing and component testing?
The main aim of a component level test is to examine a particular component to determine whether it is working as
expected. System Level Test. A system level test is a software testing method performed at the highest level or level
of abstraction to verify the functioning of the entire application or software.

What is the best instrument for electrical testing?

 Digital Multimeters. A digital multimeter (DMM) is the most commonly used electrical test tool in the world.
 Clamp Meters.
 Portable Oscilloscopes.
 Basic Electrical Testers.

What are the two testing approaches?

There are two groups of test approaches: experience-based testing and coverage-based testing. The test approach is
the approach that someone takes when creating test cases. To prepare and perform tests, we distinguish two overall
approaches: Experience-based testing.
What is the order of testing?
There are four main stages of testing that need to be completed before a program can be cleared for use:
 Unit testing
 Integration testing
 System testing
 Acceptance testing.

What are the 2 ways to test components pertaining to a circuit?

Power-On and Power-Off ICT

The test is commonly performed in two parts namely; power-off tests and power-on tests. The power-off test
is performed to detect shorts between traces and component leads, values of resistors in the circuit,
presence/absence of passive and analog components.
 Evaluate the testing process.
 7 STEPS TO ASSESSING YOUR TESTING PROCESS
Goals
The principal goals of an assessment process are 1) to support the development of a test process profile and the
determination of a maturity level; 2) to guide the organization in developing action plans for test process improvement;
3) to ensure the assessment is executed with efficient use of the organization’s resources; and 4) to guide the assessment
team in collecting, organizing, and analyzing the assessment data. A brief summary of the steps in the assessment
procedure follows.

1. Preparation. This includes selecting the assessment team, choosing the team leader(s), developing the assessment
plan, selecting the projects, and preparing the organizational units participating in the assessment.

2. Conducting the assessment. In this step, the team collects and records assessment information from interviews,
presentations, questionnaires, and relevant documents. A test management support system is very helpful for collecting
and organizing test process related data and for use in cross-checking data from multiple sources.
3. Reporting the assessment outputs. The assessment outputs include an assessment report, a maturity
level, and the assessment record. The assessment team prepares the assessment report, which gives a
summary of the state of the organizations’ testing process. The report also includes a summary of test
process strengths and weaknesses, as well as recommendations for improvements.
4. Analyzing the assessment report. The assessment team, along with management and software quality
managers, now uses the assessment report to identify and prioritize improvement goals. Quantitative test
process improvement targets need to be established in this phase. The targets should support the action plans
developed in the next step.
5. Action planning. Management teams and the assessment team work together to develop plans that focus
on high-priority improvements identified in the previous step. This team can include assessors,
management, software quality assurance staff, and/or opinion leaders chosen from the assessment
participants. The action plan describes specific activities, resources, and schedules needed to improve
existing practices and add missing.
6. Implementing improvement. After the action plans have been developed and approved they are applied to
selected pilot projects. The pilot projects need to be monitored and tracked to ensure of task progress and goal
achievement. Favorable results with the pilot projects set the stage for organizational adaptation of the new
process.
7. Follow-up. A follow-up is recommended 6 months after the initial assessment. This follow-up will gauge your
progress on the action plans. This should only take about half the time, since the only things that will be assessed
are the action plan and any new process that were implemented since the initial assessment.
How do you evaluate your testing methods and strategies?
Testing methods and strategies are essential for ensuring the quality, functionality, and reliability of software
products. However, how do you know if your testing approach is effective and efficient? How do you measure the
results and outcomes of your testing activities? How do you identify the areas for improvement and
optimization? In this article, we will discuss some of the ways you can evaluate your testing methods and
strategies using quality assurance metrics and indicators.

Define your testing goals and objectives

Before you can evaluate your testing methods and strategies, you need to have a clear idea of what you want to
achieve with your testing. What are the quality criteria and standards that you need to meet? What are the risks
and issues that you need to mitigate or prevent? What are the expectations and requirements of your
stakeholders and customers? By defining your testing goals and objectives, you can align your testing methods
and strategies with the desired outcomes and values of your software product.
Choose relevant and meaningful metrics and indicators
Metrics and indicators are quantitative and qualitative measures that help you monitor, track, and evaluate the
performance and quality of your testing methods and strategies. However, not all metrics and indicators are equally
useful and relevant for your testing context and goals. You need to choose the ones that reflect the aspects and
dimensions of your testing that matter the most, such as coverage, defects, efficiency, effectiveness, customer
satisfaction, etc. You also need to ensure that your metrics and indicators are valid, reliable, accurate, and
consistent.

Collect and analyze data from various sources

Once you have selected your metrics and indicators, you need to collect and analyze the data that supports them.
You can use various sources of data, such as test cases, test results, defect reports, feedback surveys, logs, etc. You
need to ensure that your data collection methods are systematic, objective, and transparent. You also need to apply
appropriate data analysis techniques, such as statistical, graphical, or qualitative methods, to derive meaningful
insights and conclusions from your data.
Compare and benchmark your results
One of the ways you can evaluate your testing methods and strategies is by comparing and benchmarking your
results against some reference points or standards. For example, you can compare your results with your previous
or expected results, with your competitors or industry best practices, or with your stakeholders or customers'
expectations. By doing so, you can identify the gaps, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of your
testing methods and strategies.

Communicate and report your findings

Another way you can evaluate your testing methods and strategies is by communicating and reporting your
findings to the relevant audiences and stakeholders. You need to present your findings in a clear, concise, and
convincing way, using appropriate formats, tools, and channels. You also need to highlight the key points,
implications, and recommendations of your findings, and solicit feedback and suggestions from your audiences
and stakeholders. By doing so, you can demonstrate the value and impact of your testing methods and strategies,
and foster collaboration and improvement.
Review and improve your testing methods and strategies
The final step in evaluating your testing methods and strategies is to review and improve them based on your
findings, feedback, and suggestions. You need to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of your testing methods
and strategies, and identify the areas for improvement and optimization. You also need to implement the changes
and enhancements that will help you achieve your testing goals and objectives, and increase the quality and value
of your software product.