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Computer Software Systems

The document outlines key concepts related to computer software systems, focusing on operating systems, utility programs, and translators. It details the types of interfaces (GUI and CLI), management tasks of an OS (memory, processor, and file management), and the roles of utility programs like antivirus and backup utilities. Additionally, it compares assemblers, compilers, and interpreters, highlighting their differences, advantages, and the special technique used in Java for platform independence.

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2 views4 pages

Computer Software Systems

The document outlines key concepts related to computer software systems, focusing on operating systems, utility programs, and translators. It details the types of interfaces (GUI and CLI), management tasks of an OS (memory, processor, and file management), and the roles of utility programs like antivirus and backup utilities. Additionally, it compares assemblers, compilers, and interpreters, highlighting their differences, advantages, and the special technique used in Java for platform independence.

Uploaded by

irenegadzesu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Software Systems

Assignment -22408174
1. Operating Systems and Interfaces

a) There are two kinds of interfaces that an OS should have:


1. Graphical User Interface (GUI) with a mouse as the input device

Because a graphical user interface (GUI) utilizes graphics such as windows, buttons, and
icons in order to help the users make their inputs by communicating with the system.

2. Command Line Interface (CLI) - Keyboard as Input Device - Description: A CLI enables
users to interact with computers by typing text commands

b) Three Management Tasks Carried Out by an OS::

1. An operating system performs three management tasks:

The first is memory management, which allocates and deallocates memory to processes and
prevents programs from interfering with one another

2. Processor management (CPU scheduling): This facilitates smooth and efficient


multitasking by controlling how various tasks access the CPU

3. File management involves keeping directories up to date, controlling access privileges,


and storing data on storage devices

2. Utility Programs and Library Programs

a) ) Two Utility Programs for Hard Disk Issues:


1. drive Defragmenter – Why Needed: Over time, files are dispersed on the hard drive, and
access performance becomes slower.

File fragment rearranging speeds it up and shortens file access times

2. Disk Check (CHKDSK): Why It's Required: Finds and repairs bad sectors on the hard drive
or file system errors.

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What It Does: Examines the disk for errors and tries to repair damaged files

b) The first of two utility programs:


1. Antivirus software, which can detect and eliminate viruses and malware

2. . Backup utility: avoids loss of data by duplicating data

c) Library Programs:
The Role of Programming

— Their existing code for routine work, such as processing files or graphics, is time-saving
and effort-saving. They will be certain to be reliable and enhance productivity.

Library Program Examples:

1.Math functions can be found in the Math Library.

2. Graphics Library: To display graphics and user interface design

3. Translators: Assemblers, Compilers, and Interpreters

3. Translators: Assemblers, Compilers, and Interpreters

a) Difference Between an Assembler and Compiler/Interpreter:


- Assembler: Produces machine code from assembly language

- Compiler: Converts all high-level programs into machine code at once

- Line by line, the interpreter runs and translates the high-level code

b) Two-Pass Assembler - Tasks for the First Pass:

1. Construct a symbol table, i.e., store labels along with their memory addresses.

2. Compute the number of memory spaces required by each instruction

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c) The second assembly pass:
– Utilizes the information collected during the first run to convert the entire assembly code
into machine code.

d)Comparing interpreters and compilers:

Three Variations:

- Execution: Interpreter translates line by line, whereas the compiler translates entire code
at once.

- Speed: The interpreter is slower, whereas the compiler is faster once it has been
translated.

- Error detection: The interpreter hangs up at the first error, whereas the compiler displays
all the errors once it is compiled

e) Advantages & Disadvantages of Interpreter:


Advantages include:

- Easier debugging of applications.


- Suitable for learning and experimenting with small portions of code.

Disadvantages:

- Slower than compiled software.


- Code must be interpreted each time it executes.

f) A Special Technique in Java:

Java converts source code into Bytecode, which is subsequently executed by the Java Virtual
Machine. This makes Java platform independent

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Additional Research Resources
Online:
- GeeksforGeeks: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/operating-systems/
- TutorialsPoint: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals
-Java Bytecode Info: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs /

Books:
- Modern Operating Systems by Andrew Tanenbaum
- Computer Fundamentals by Anita Goel
- Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces – https://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~remzi/OSTEP/

Videos:
- CrashCourse Computer Science: x- Neso Academy – Operating System Playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBlnK6fEyqRh6isJ01MBnbNpV3ZsktSyS

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