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Control Structures in Python

Control structures in Python are essential for controlling the flow of a program, including conditional statements, looping statements, and branching. Conditional statements use 'if', 'elif', and 'else' for decision-making, while loops like 'for' and 'while' allow for repeated execution of code blocks. Branching statements such as 'break', 'continue', and 'pass' modify the flow within loops, enabling more flexible and powerful coding.

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23 views5 pages

Control Structures in Python

Control structures in Python are essential for controlling the flow of a program, including conditional statements, looping statements, and branching. Conditional statements use 'if', 'elif', and 'else' for decision-making, while loops like 'for' and 'while' allow for repeated execution of code blocks. Branching statements such as 'break', 'continue', and 'pass' modify the flow within loops, enabling more flexible and powerful coding.

Uploaded by

wanleonashile
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Control Structures in Python

Control structures are the fundamental building blocks that control the flow of a program. They help

programmers make decisions, repeat tasks, or choose between alternatives. In Python, the three main types

of control structures are:

1. Conditional Statements (Decision Making)

2. Looping Statements (Iteration)

3. Branching (Break, Continue, Pass)

1. Conditional Statements

Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different conditions. Python uses if,

elif, and else for decision-making.

Syntax:

if condition:

# code block

elif another_condition:

# another code block

else:

# fallback code block

Example:

age = 20

if age < 18:


Control Structures in Python

print("You are a minor.")

elif age == 18:

print("You just became an adult.")

else:

print("You are an adult.")

2. Looping Statements

Loops are used to repeat a block of code multiple times.

A. for Loop

Used to iterate over a sequence (like a list, tuple, dictionary, or string).

Syntax:

for variable in sequence:

# code block

Example:

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']

for fruit in fruits:

print(fruit)

B. while Loop

Used to execute a block of code as long as a condition is true.


Control Structures in Python

Syntax:

while condition:

# code block

Example:

count = 1

while count <= 5:

print(count)

count += 1

3. Branching Statements

These are used to change the flow inside loops or functions.

A. break

Used to exit a loop prematurely.

Example:

for num in range(10):

if num == 5:

break

print(num)

Output: 0 1 2 3 4
Control Structures in Python

B. continue

Skips the current iteration and goes to the next one.

Example:

for num in range(5):

if num == 2:

continue

print(num)

Output: 0 1 3 4

C. pass

Used as a placeholder. It does nothing but avoids errors from empty blocks.

Example:

if True:

pass # do nothing for now

Nesting Control Structures

You can also nest control structures, i.e., use if inside for, while inside if, etc.

Example:

for i in range(3):

if i == 1:
Control Structures in Python

print("Middle number")

else:

print("Number:", i)

Output:

Number: 0

Middle number

Number: 2

Conclusion

Control structures are essential for writing logical and efficient Python programs. They allow the program to

make decisions, repeat actions, and respond dynamically to data. By understanding how if, for, while, break,

and other control statements work, you can write more flexible and powerful code.

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