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9th DBMS Notes

The document provides an overview of relational database structures, including terms like table name, attributes, tuples, degree, cardinality, and primary keys. It also introduces MySQL, highlighting its features such as speed, ease of use, and support for various data types. Additionally, it covers SQL basics, differences between candidate and alternate keys, and the use of NULL in MySQL.

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0 views4 pages

9th DBMS Notes

The document provides an overview of relational database structures, including terms like table name, attributes, tuples, degree, cardinality, and primary keys. It also introduces MySQL, highlighting its features such as speed, ease of use, and support for various data types. Additionally, it covers SQL basics, differences between candidate and alternate keys, and the use of NULL in MySQL.

Uploaded by

prathammishra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DBMS

1️⃣ Relational Database Table Structure

Terms Description
Table Name Example: EMPLOYEE
Attributes (Columns) EMP_ID, ENAME, POST, SALARY
Tuples (Rows) 4 records (E1 to E4)
Degree Number of columns = 4
Cardinality Number of rows = 4
Primary Key EMP_ID (Unique for each record)
Domain Possible values for an attribute (e.g., Salary: 5000-100000)
Data Value Example: Manoj's Salary = 10000

2️⃣ Types of Keys in Database (Mind Map)

• Primary Key: Uniquely identifies a tuple.


• Candidate Key: All possible options for a Primary Key.
• Alternate Key: Candidate Key that is not chosen as Primary Key.

3️⃣ MySQL Introduction (Concept Map)


4️⃣ Features of MySQL (Chart)

Feature Description

Speed Runs very fast

Ease of Use CLI & GUI support

Cost Free & Open Source

Query Language Supports SQL

Portability Runs on any platform

Data Types Supports various types (Number, Char, etc.)

Security Privileges & Password System

Scalability & Limits Handles huge databases

Connectivity Clients connect via drivers

Localization Supports multiple languages

Client & Tools Tools like mysqldump, mysqladmin provided

5️⃣ SQL and MySQL

• SQL: Structured Query Language


• Purpose: To create and operate relational databases
• MySQL: Uses SQL to access databases
• Standard Language: Used by almost all database vendors
• Pronunciation: SEQUEL
• Developed By: IBM’s Almaden Research Center
• Latest ISO Standard: SQL:2008

Questions and Answers

1️⃣ Q: What is the difference between Candidate Key and Alternate Key?
A: Candidate Key is a set of all possible Primary Keys, while Alternate Key is a Candidate
Key that is not chosen as the Primary Key.

2️⃣ Q: List two features of MySQL.


A:

1. MySQL is Open Source and free of cost.


2. MySQL supports multiple data types like Numbers and Characters.

3️⃣ Q: What is meant by the Degree and Cardinality of a table?


A: Degree refers to the number of columns (attributes) in a table, and Cardinality refers to the
number of rows (tuples) in the table.
Questions & Answers

Q1. What are the three categories of MySQL data types? Give examples.
Ans:

1. Numeric (e.g., INTEGER, FLOAT)


2. String (e.g., CHAR, VARCHAR)
3. Date and Time (e.g., DATE, TIME)

Q2. Why is NULL used in MySQL?


Ans:
NULL is used to represent missing or unknown data in a table. It indicates that no value has
been entered in that field.

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