CPM225PDF - Training and Certification in Construction
CPM225PDF - Training and Certification in Construction
Module 5
Training and Certification in
Construction
3. Working at Heights
7. Other Certifications
SAFETY TRAINING IN GENERAL
Safety in Construction
• Safety training comprises a large component of overall training in construction. For good reason…
• Out of 4,379 worker fatalities in private industry in calendar year 2015 (in the United States) nearly
21.5% were in construction (see Construction Management, 5th edition)
• In British Columbia, the accident rate for construction is nearly TWICE as large as it is for all other
sectors (on average)
• In British Columbia, the SERIOUS injury rate for construction is nearly THREE TIMES as large as it is
for all other sectors (on average)
SAFETY TRAINING IN GENERAL
Source:
https://www.wor
ksafebc.com/en/h
ealth-
safety/industries/
construction/stati
stics
Injury Rate by Sector in British Columbia
SAFETY TRAINING IN GENERAL
Source:
https://www.wor
ksafebc.com/en/h
ealth-
safety/industries/
construction/stati
stics
Serious njury Rate by Sector in British Columbia
SAFETY TRAINING IN GENERAL
Source:
https://www.bls
.gov/news.relea
se/pdf/cfoi.pdf
SAFETY TRAINING IN GENERAL
Safety in Construction
• Motivations for safety training can be boiled down to three broad categories
1. Humanitarian Concerns
Humanitarian Concerns
• Particularly at the level of the work site, society has defined the principle that the employer is
responsible for providing a safe environment for the workforce
• For more than a century, the principle of employer liability for death and injury resulting from
accidents or health hazards occurring at the workplace has been firmly established in common law
• According to the Ontario Health and Safety Act (OHSA) the employer has the greatest
responsibilities with respect to health and safety in the workplace and is responsible for taking every
precaution reasonable in circumstances for the protection of a worker
• The OHSA hierarchy is mirrored in the United States equivalent (the OSHA) which states: “each
employer shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are
free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to
his employees”
SAFETY TRAINING IN GENERAL
WSIB is the
Workplace
Safety and
Insurance
Board
Source:
https://www.ws
ib.ca/sites/defau
lt/files/2019-
03/part12019pr WSIB Rate Table for Construction
emiumratesman
ual.pdf
Side Bar
Source:
https://www.wsi
WSIB Example Clearance Certificate
b.ca/sites/default
/files/2019-
03/part12019pr
emiumratesman
ual.pdf
SAFETY TRAINING IN GENERAL
Source:
https://www.wsi
b.ca/en/business
es/claims/benefi
ts-provided-
workers
WSIB Covered Benefits
Side Bar
Lost employee
morale can be
the largest
loss from an
accident
because it can
extend well
after the
employee
comes back to
work
Side Bar
Source:
https://www.pu
blications.gov.o
n.ca/300150
3. Working at Heights
7. Other Certifications
Side Bar
• The establishment of mandatory requirements for basic occupational health and safety training
programs for workers and supervisors fulfils two key recommendations of the Panel
• The regulatory requirements apply to all workplaces covered under the Occupational Health and
Safety Act (OHSA), regardless of sector. All employers must ensure workers and supervisors
complete, or have completed, an awareness training program that meets the regulatory
requirements. This is mandatory whether they work on a construction project, in a retail store or
factory, hospital or long-term care facility, mine or mining plant, or farming operation, etc
Side Bar
• ensure that workers complete a basic occupational health and safety awareness training
program as soon as reasonably possible
• ensure that supervisors complete a basic occupational health and safety awareness training
program within one week of working as a supervisor
• provide a worker or supervisor with written proof of completion of the training, if requested
by the worker or supervisor (up to six months after ceasing to work for the employer)
MOL, WHMIS and Basics of Supervising Training
• the role of joint health and safety committees (JHSCs) and of health and safety
representatives under OHSA
• roles of the ministry, Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB), and Health and Safety
Associations
• information and instruction requirements set out in the Workplace Hazardous Materials
Information System (WHMIS) Regulation
Side Bar
• Qualified
• Familiar Occupational Health and Safety Awareness and Training Regulation
with the act
and the
The training program for supervisors must include instruction on:
regulations
that apply
to the work • the duties and rights of workers under OHSA
• Has
knowledge • the duties of employers and supervisors under OHSA
of any
potential or
actual • how to identify, assess and manage workplace hazards, the role of joint health and safety
danger to committees (JHSCs), and of health and safety representatives under OHSA
health and
safety in the • roles of the ministry, Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB), and Health and Safety
workplace Associations
Source:
https://www.lab
our.gov.on.ca/en
glish/hs/training/
Side Bar
It is 5 steps for
supervisors
Source:
https://www.lab
our.gov.on.ca/en
glish/hs/pdf/wor
kbook.pdf
It is 5 steps for
supervisors
Source:
https://www.labour.go
v.on.ca/english/hs/pdf/s
up_workbook.pdf
WHMIS Training
• The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS), Canada's hazard communication
standard, came into effect on October 31, 1988
• The key elements of the system are hazard classification, cautionary labelling of containers, the
provision of (material) safety data sheets (MSDSs), and worker education programs. The
establishment of mandatory requirements for basic occupational health and safety training programs
for workers and supervisors fulfils two key recommendations of the Panel
• WHMIS is implemented through coordinated federal, provincial and territorial legislation. This
coordinated approach avoids duplication, inefficiency through loss of scale and the potential for
interprovincial trade barriers to arise if each province and territory established its own hazard
communication system
• Each of the thirteen provincial, territorial and federal agencies responsible for occupational health
and safety has established employer WHMIS requirements within their respective jurisdictions
MOL, WHMIS and Basics of Supervising Training
WHMIS Training
• WHMIS supplier hazard communication requirements do not apply to certain chemical products used
in Canadian workplaces
WHMIS Training
• WHMIS 2015 applies to two major groups of hazards: physical and health
• Physical hazards group: based on the physical or chemical properties of the product – such as
flammability, reactivity, or corrosivity to metals
• Health hazards group: based on the ability of the product to cause a health effect – such as eye
irritation, respiratory sensitization, or carcinogenicity
• Hazard classes are a way of grouping together products that have similar properties and are a key
feature of the WHMIS training
MOL, WHMIS and Basics of Supervising Training
Source:
https://www.cco
hs.ca/oshanswer
s/chemicals/wh
mis_ghs/pictogr
ams.html WHIMIS Partial list of Symbols
Side Bar
It is an
essential
starting point
for a health
and safety
protocol
Source:
https://www.kpmin
dustries.com/KingC
onstructionProduct
s/wp-
content/uploads/sit
es/13/2014/02/MS
-S10-SDS-EN- Example MSDS Sheet
03112016.pdf
MOL, WHMIS and Basics of Supervising Training
• The Basics of Supervisor training is offered by various organizations, notably the Infrastructure
Health & Safety Association (ISHA), and is intended to provide supervisors with the skills to manage
their health and safety duties described by the OHSA
• The training is split along two main lines: health and safety law, and supervisor safety tasks
3. Working at Heights
7. Other Certifications
Working at Heights
Mandatory Training
• Working at heights (WAH) training is mandatory for workers who may use a method of fall
protection to protect themselves from a fall hazard
• Employers must ensure that their workers are provided with working at heights training that has
been approved by the Prevention Office of the Ministry of Labour, Training, and Skills Development
(MLTSD)
• A WAH refresher course must be taken every three years to maintain this training
• In addition, employers must ensure that workers are given site-specific training and proper oral and
written instructions. This includes making them aware of fall hazards at the project and providing
instruction on the particular equipment they will be using
Working at Heights
Mandatory Training
• To meet this requirement, employers should ensure that the site supervisor conducts a hazard
assessment or job safety analysis (JSA) of the jobsite and develops a fall protection work plan
• The supervisor should review the results of the assessment and the requirements of the fall
protection work plan with workers on the site
• If workers use a fall arrest system, employers must develop procedures for rescuing a suspended
worker
• They can also put-up posters and warning signs around the worksite and distribute stickers to
workers to remind them about fall hazards on site
Working at Heights
Source:
https://www.ihs
a.ca/PDFs/Prod
ucts/Id/V001.pd
f
For example,
you don’t want
a 2m shock
absorber when
the fall is only
3m in distance!
Source:
https://www.ihs
a.ca/PDFs/Produ
cts/Id/V001.pdf
Working at Heights
Source:
https://www.ihs
a.ca/rtf/health_s
afety_manual/p
dfs/equipment/
Guardrails.pdf
Side Bar
If no other
protection is
provided, they
must be
designed for
guardrail
loading per
relevant OHSA
sections
Source: https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/621637554792492103/
Side Bar
• Evidence suggested that the supervisor had always strictly enforced lifeline use….except on the day
of the collapse, when he was running out of time
• The supervisor was charged and CONVICTED in 2015 of four counts of criminal negligence causing
death and one of causing bodily harm
Working at Heights
Source:
https://globalnews.ca/n
ews/3996019/toronto-
scaffolding-conviction-
upheld/#:~:text=The%2
0case%20arose%20on
%20Christmas,and%2
0one%20was%20badl
y%20hurt.
Working at Heights
Source:
https://globalnews.ca/n
ews/3996019/toronto-
scaffolding-conviction-
upheld/#:~:text=The%2 Metron Construction Tragedy
0case%20arose%20on
%20Christmas,and%20
one%20was%20badly
%20hurt.
CPM225
Module 5
Training and Certification in
Construction
3. Working at Heights
7. Other Certifications
Side Bar
1. Management Leadership
a. Top management demonstrates its commitment to continuous improvement in safety and
health, communicates that commitment to workers, and sets up program expectations and
responsibilities
b. Managers at all levels make safety and health a core organizational value, establish safety
and health goals and objectives, provide adequate resources and support for the program,
and set a good example.
2. Worker Participation
a. Workers and their representatives are involved in all aspects of the program—including
setting goals, identifying and reporting hazards, investigating incidents, and tracking
progress
b. All workers, including contractors and temporary workers, understand their roles and
responsibilities under the program and what they need to do to effectively carry them out.
c. Workers are encouraged and have means to communicate openly with management and to
report safety and health concerns without fear of retaliation
d. Any potential barriers or obstacles to worker participation in the program (for example,
language, lack of information, or disincentives) are removed or addressed
Company Policies for Employee Training
Employee Development
• If organizations neglect certain challenges, then the employee development process will be
cumbersome for the organization, frustrating for employees and of uncertain value for both
• Some business cases for focusing on employee development include the following:
• Remaining competitive
• Promoting diversity, equity and inclusion
• Creating a culture of learning
• Reducing turnover
• Increasing worker productivity
• Aligning employee development with organizational needs
Company Policies for Employee Training
Source:
https://ca.indeed
.com/career-
advice/career-
development/im
portance-of-
training- Indeed Article of Importance of Skills Training for Employees
employees
Company Policies for Employee Training
• Successful employers integrate development and succession planning programs into the
organization's overall strategy, ensuring all programs drive toward the same set of objectives. If
organizations neglect certain challenges, then the employee development process will be
cumbersome for the organization, frustrating for employees and of uncertain value for both
• Some guidelines that can help with an employee management plan include the following:
• Gain executive support: Ensure executives understand and agree with how development fits
into workforce planning, a succession process or a retention program
• Involve management: If executives show support, there is a good chance that management
will pay attention to employee development. Managers play a vital role, ensuring a
connection between development strategy and real-world implementation
• Relate to performance management: The employer must be clear about development's
place in the performance management process. Managers should differentiate between
short-term plans for projects, long-term plans for the organization, career development plans
for the employee and skill building for immediate performance deficiencies. Each should be
handled at the appropriate phase of the performance management process
Company Policies for Employee Training
• Some guidelines that can help with an employee management plan include the following:
• Understand what the employee values: Employees often have an intense interest in their
own development. Knowing what each employee values and how that relates to his or her
development needs should greatly affect the type of development activities provided for the
employee and, ultimately, for the success of such activities
• Know the desired outcome: Have a clear understanding of exactly which skills will be
enhanced by particular employee development initiatives
• A training needs assessment identifies individuals’ current level of competency, skill or knowledge in
one or more areas and compares that competency to the required standard established for their
position or other positions within the organization
• ALWAYS perform a needs assessment prior to assigning work to ensure that the worker is actually
capable of performing the work assigned (and most importantly can do it safely)
Company Policies for Employee Training
• Coaching: coaching involves a more experienced or skilled individual providing an employee with
advice and guidance intended to help him or her gain new skills, improve performance and enhance
the quality of his or her career
• The hallmarks of coaching are that it is personalized and customized, that it has a specific business
objective, and that it is usually accomplished one-on-one over a period of time
• Coaching should be approached like any other strategic goal. Successful execution requires
commitment from the organization and the person being coached, a plan to obtain results, qualified
coaches, and a follow-up evaluation
Company Policies for Employee Training
• Mentoring: mentoring matches less experienced employees with more experienced colleagues
through formal or informal programs
• Formal mentoring programs can reduce turnover, enhance recruitment, and improve performance and
the work environment, especially for employees apt to be marginalized
• Cross-Training: cross-training refers to training employees to perform job duties other than those
normally assigned. Cross-training can be a short-term or ad hoc fix, or it can be an ongoing, planned
process
• Cross-training usually does not result in immediate advancement, but it does indicate that an
employee is interested in learning new skills. This skill diversity may help him or her meet
qualifications for future career advancement
• Employers find value in cross-training because it is usually more efficient than bringing in new hires.
Many managers take those efficiencies to the next level by leveraging technology to improve cross-
training efforts
• Many employees appreciate cross-training because it allows them to broaden their skills
Company Policies for Employee Training
• Job Enlargement and Enrichment: job enlargement involves expanding the employee's job by adding
more tasks and duties, typically at the same level of complexity. Job enrichment builds more depth to
an employee's job through more control, responsibility and discretion
• Job Shadowing: job shadowing requires more than just having an employee follow a colleague
around all day. Shadowers view the organization from a different perspective and learn firsthand
about the challenges facing workers in other departments. This perspective helps employees realize
the impact their decisions have on other groups
• Job Rotation: Job rotation is the systematic movement of employees from job to job within an
organization. Rotation programs may vary in size and formality. Though larger employers are more
likely to invest in a formalized job rotation program, organizations of all sizes might consider
implementing a job rotation program
CPM225
Module 5
Training and Certification in
Construction
4. Working at Heights
8. Other Certifications
Red Seal Certification
• The Red Seal Program, formally known as the Interprovincial Standards Red Seal Program, is a
program that sets common standards to assess the skills of tradespeople across Canada
• Industry is heavily involved in developing the national standard for each trade. It is a partnership
between the federal government and provinces and territories, which are responsible for
apprenticeship training and trade certification in their jurisdictions
• Tradespersons who have successfully passed the Red Seal examination receive a Red Seal
endorsement on their provincial/territorial trade certificate
• The Red Seal, when affixed to a provincial or territorial trade certificate, indicates that a tradesperson
has demonstrated the knowledge required for the national standard in that trade. The Red Seal
endorsement promotes excellence to employers, instills pride in skilled workers, and facilitates
labour mobility
Red Seal Certification
• The Red Seal, when affixed to a provincial or territorial trade certificate, indicates that a tradesperson
has demonstrated the knowledge required for the national standard in that trade. The Red Seal
endorsement promotes excellence to employers, instills pride in skilled workers, and facilitates
labour mobility
• Most provinces and territories use the Red Seal examination as the final certification exam in
designated Red Seal trades
• The Canadian Council of Directors of Apprenticeship (CCDA) is responsible for the Red Seal
Program. All provinces and territories and the federal government participate as members of the
CCDA
Side Bar
Source:
https://www.re
d-
seal.ca/trades/tr
.1d.2s_l.3st-
eng.html
MODULE 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS
3. Working at Heights
7. Other Certifications
Gold Seal Certification
• The Canadian Construction Association’s (CCA) Gold Seal Certification program establishes,
administers and continuously improves national professional certification standards for construction
management
• Gold Seal Certified (GSC) construction management professionals have attained the highest
standard of excellence in the industry, have proven industry experience and are held in the highest
regard
• Companies that employ GSC professionals are seen as leaders for their commitment to quality and
excellence through education, training, and continual skill development
Gold Seal Certification
Source:
https://www.gv
ca.org/en/mem
bership/online-
courses.aspx#
Construction-
Law
MODULE 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS
3. Working at Heights
7. Other Certifications
Side Bar
CCS: CSI
certified Other certification / training in the construction industry
construction
specifier
• Manufacturer certifications (approved installer / applicator, etc)
CCCA: CSI
certified • College / University courses
construction
contract
administrator • Professional designations (P.Eng, P.Geo, RA, etc.)
Example Seals
FINISHED