✅ JAVA INTERVIEW QUESTIONS (100+)

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✅ SPRING BOOT INTERVIEW QUESTIONS (100+)

✅ JAVA STREAM API INTERVIEW QUESTIONS (100+)

🔹 Stream Basics
1. What is the Stream API in Java 8 and why is it important?
2. How does the Stream API support functional-style programming?
3. What are the main differences between a Stream and a Collection?
4. How do you obtain a stream from a Collection?
5. What are intermediate vs terminal operations in Streams?
🔹 Stream Creation
6. How to create a stream using Stream.of()?
7. How to create a stream from an array?
8. How to use Stream.generate() and Stream.iterate()?
9. How to create an infinite stream?
10. How to convert a primitive array (int[], double[]) to Stream?
🔹 Intermediate Operations
11. What does the map() operation do?
12. How does the filter() operation work?
13. Explain flatMap() with an example.
14. How is distinct() used in Streams?
15. What is the purpose of sorted() in streams?
16. How do you chain multiple intermediate operations together?
17. What is the difference between map() and flatMap()?
18. How to remove null values from a stream?
🔹 Terminal Operations
19. What is the purpose of collect()?
20. What is the use of reduce()?
21. Explain forEach() and its use cases.
22. What does count() do in a stream?
23. How to find min() and max() in a stream?
 24. How to convert a Stream to List, Set, or Map?
🔹 Collectors & Grouping
25. What are Collectors.toList(), toSet(), and toMap()?
26. How does Collectors.groupingBy() work?
27. How to group and count elements using streams?
28. How to apply filtering within Collectors.groupingBy()?
29. How to perform partitioning using Collectors.partitioningBy()?
30. How to collect elements using joining()?
🔹 Advanced Stream Patterns
31. How to perform map/filter/collect chaining?
32. How to implement multi-level grouping?
33. How to flatten a nested collection using flatMap()?
34. How to avoid NullPointerException in streams?
35. How to merge multiple streams?
36. What is lazy evaluation in Streams?
37. How to limit and skip elements in a stream?
38. How to debug stream operations using peek()?
🔹 Parallel Streams
39. What are parallel streams and how to create them?
40. What are the advantages and disadvantages of parallel streams?
41. When should parallel streams be avoided?
42. What issues can arise with shared mutable state?
43. How do parallel streams handle thread safety?
🔹 Practical Use Cases
44. Find duplicate elements in a list using Streams.
45. Count occurrences of elements in a list using Streams.
46. Remove duplicates from a list using Streams.
47. Sort a list of custom objects using Streams.
48. Filter objects based on multiple conditions.
49. Group employees by department and get average salary.
50. Find the second highest number in a list.
🔹 Coding Exercises
51. Given a list of integers, return the squares of even numbers.
52. Convert a list of strings to uppercase.
53. Find the longest string in a list.
54. Remove empty strings from a list.
55. Calculate the sum of numbers greater than 10.
 56. Sort a map by its values using Streams.
57. Convert a list to a comma-separated string.
58. Find common elements in two lists using Streams.
59. Convert a list of persons to a map (id -> name).
60. Partition a list of numbers into even and odd.
🔹 Miscellaneous
61. What is short-circuiting in Streams?
62. What are the pitfalls of using forEach for modifying data?
63. Why are Streams not reusable?
64. What is the difference between sequential and parallel streams?
65. How to handle exceptions inside a stream pipeline?
66. How to benchmark performance of stream operations?
67. When is collect(Collectors.toMap()) prone to exception?
68. How to handle duplicate keys in Collectors.toMap()?
69. How to handle nested lists with flatMap?
70. How to filter a Map using Stream API?
71. How to sort a Map by keys or values using Streams?
72. How to return a specific object from a stream?
🔹 Functional Interfaces
73. How does Function<T, R> relate to map()?
74. How does Predicate<T> relate to filter()?
75. What is the role of Consumer<T> in forEach()?
76. How is BinaryOperator used in reduce?
🔹 Stream with Files
77. How to read lines from a file using Streams?
78. How to filter lines from a file and write to another file?
79. How to count number of lines in a file using Stream?
🔹 Real-world Stream Challenges
80. Process large data using stream pipeline.
81. Optimize performance of large stream operations.
82. Avoid memory leak in long stream pipelines.
83. Handle timeouts in long-running stream processes.
84. Avoid boxed streams when using primitives.
85. Choose Collectors.joining() over StringBuilder loop.
🔹 Tricky Questions
86. Can stream operations change the source collection?
87. What happens when you call terminal op twice on same stream?
 88. Can we parallelize infinite stream?
89. Difference between collect() and reduce()?
90. How to create a custom collector?
91. Can a stream be reused after a terminal operation?
92. How do short-circuiting operations like anyMatch work internally?
93. What is the impact of lambda capture in stream performance?
94. Is stream faster than for-loop?
95. How do boxed vs primitive streams differ?
🔹 Testing & Debugging Streams
96. How to test stream operations effectively?
97. How to log intermediate stream values?
98. How to break stream pipeline for debugging?
99. How to write unit tests for stream pipelines?
100. How to use stream operations in logging and metrics?
101. What tools can help in visualizing stream behavior?

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