Computer System Assignment Detailed Answer Key
Computer System Assignment Detailed Answer Key
- **RAM (Random Access Memory):** It is a type of volatile memory, meaning data is lost
when power is off. It temporarily stores data and instructions that the CPU needs while
performing tasks.
- **ROM (Read Only Memory):** This is non-volatile memory. It stores essential programs
like the BIOS which are required for booting the computer.
- **Cache Memory:** It is a small and fast type of memory located close to the CPU. It stores
frequently accessed data and instructions to speed up processing.
- **Virtual Memory:** When RAM is full, a part of the hard drive is used as temporary RAM.
This helps in running large applications that exceed the available physical RAM.
- **CPU (Central Processing Unit):** It is the brain of the computer responsible for executing
instructions.
- **ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit):** A component of the CPU that performs all arithmetic and
logical operations.
- **Control Unit:** It directs all operations in the computer by interpreting instructions and
sending signals to other components.
- **Memory:** It stores data and instructions needed for processing, including both
temporary (RAM) and permanent (ROM) storage.
- **Input Devices:** Devices used to enter data into the computer. Examples: Keyboard (for
typing), Mouse (for pointing), Scanner (for digitizing images).
- **Output Devices:** Devices that show the result of processed data. Examples: Monitor
(displays output visually), Printer (prints documents), Speakers (play audio).
4. 4. Differentiate between Primary and Secondary Memory with at least three points.
- **Primary Memory:**
- Directly accessible by the CPU.
- Includes RAM and ROM.
- Volatile (RAM loses data when power is off).
- **Secondary Memory:**
- Used for permanent data storage.
- Includes Hard Drives, SSDs, CDs, etc.
- Non-volatile (retains data without power).
- The operating system (OS) acts as an intermediary between users and hardware.
- It manages hardware components like CPU, RAM, and input/output devices.
- It allocates memory to programs and manages files.
- It provides a user interface and ensures that multiple applications can run smoothly.
8. 8. A small business office has been using the same computers for five years...
1. **Possible reasons for slow performance:** Aging hardware, limited RAM, outdated OS or
software, malware, too many background apps.
2. **Upgrading RAM improves performance:** Allows more programs to run simultaneously
and reduces lag.
3. **Switching to SSD:** SSDs are faster than HDDs and improve boot time, file loading, and
multitasking.
4. **Disk cleanup/defragmentation:** Helps remove junk files and organize data for faster
access (mainly on HDDs).
5. **Antivirus software:** Scans and removes viruses, protecting system resources and
improving speed.
1. **Wired vs. wireless network:** Wired offers better speed and stability; ideal for gaming
and consistent internet.
2. **Input/output devices:** Printer (for printing), Scanner (for documents), Webcam (for
video calls), Microphones and Headphones (for communication).
3. **Managing user accounts:** Set up individual logins, time-based access, and monitoring
tools to track activity.
4. **Essential software:** Browsers (e.g., Chrome), Office tools (MS Word), media players
(VLC), antivirus, printing software.
5. **Preventing misuse:** Use admin controls, content filters, disable file downloads, and
enforce strong passwords.
10. 10. A student is going to college and wants to buy a laptop...
1. **Laptop specifications:** Minimum Intel i5 or Ryzen 5 processor, 8GB RAM, and 256GB
SSD for smooth performance.
2. **Operating system choice:** Windows is user-friendly and widely compatible. macOS is
great for creative tasks. Linux is free and good for coding but needs technical knowledge.
3. **Battery life:** Important for long study sessions and portability, especially in college.
4. **Laptop brand and warranty:** Choose a reputed brand with good service support. Look
for at least a 1-year warranty.
5. **External/cloud storage:** Useful for backup and storing large files. Services like Google
Drive and OneDrive provide secure access from anywhere.