Module 10 THE INFORMATION AGE

LESSON PROPER

Social Media

Social media has transformed how we interact, share, and consume content
globally over the years. According to Statista, there were approximately 5.04 billion social
media users worldwide in 2023, translating to over 62.3% of the global population. Social
media’s history reflects technological advancements and evolving societal needs despite
today’s platforms enabling instant moment sharing.

Social Media refers to online platforms and technologies that enable users to
create, share, and engage with content. It fosters communication and interaction through
text, images, videos, and audio, often leading to the formation of virtual communities.

The Building Blocks of Social Media: How We Connect and Engage

Social media platforms thrive on the dynamic interplay between users and the
features they offer.

• User Profiles. These act as your online identity, showcasing who you are or
what your organization represents. Profiles typically include basic information such
as name, location, bio, profile pictures, cover photos, and links to relevant
websites. They can be customized to project a professional persona, a creative
outlet, or simply a space to connect with friends and family.
• Content Creation and Sharing- The Lifeblood of Social Media. This is where
users become active participants. Platforms offer diverse ways to share content,
such as text posts, appealing images, engaging videos, or informative articles.
Sharing experiences, news, or creativity helps users express themselves, build
their online presence, and spark conversations.
• Networking and Interaction- Building Your Social Circle. Social media
platforms are designed to foster connections. You can follow friends, family,
influencers, or brands that interest you. Likewise, others can follow you, creating a
network of connections. Stay updated on loved ones, discover content based on
your interests, and engage in discussions with like-minded individuals.
• Direct Messaging: Private Conversations in a Public Space. This feature
empowers private communication between users. Direct messages, often
shortened to DMs, allow for one-on-one conversations, group chats, or sharing
media privately. This fosters deeper connections, facilitates collaboration, and
enables communication beyond public posts.
• Likes and Comments: The Currency of Engagement. These features are the
cornerstones of interaction on social media. ”Liking” shows approval, while
comments share thoughts, sparking conversations and fostering community. The
 number of likes and comments serves as a metric of engagement, indicating how
well a piece of content resonates with the audience.

The History of Social Media

The history of social media is rooted in early Internet communication forms, such
as bulletin boards and forums. Essentially, the social media story is a fascinating journey
that traces the evolution of human connection in the digital age.

Key eras and turning points of Social Media

1. The Pre-Social Media Era (1970s – Early 2000s)

1971 The Dawn of Email. Ray Tomlinson’s invention of email marked a giant leapin
digital communication. It allowed people to send messages across long
distances, fostering a sense of connection even in a pre-internet world.
1978 Bulletin Board Systems (BBS) Emerge. Ward Christensen and Randy
Suess created the first BBS, which functioned like a digital community bulletin
board. Users could post messages on specific topics, share files, and engage
in text-based conversations. This was a glimpse into the online communities
that would later flourish.
1980s The Rise of Text-Based Communication. The advent of Usenet, a network
of newsgroups, and Internet Relay Chat (IRC) further fueled online interaction.
Usenet offered topic-based forums, while IRC provided real-time chat rooms
for users with similar interests to connect.

These platforms fostered a sense of belonging and laid the groundwork for
interactive online spaces.

2. The Early Social Media Era (the 2000s – 2010s)

1997 Six Degrees – The First Social Network. Six Degrees, launched by Andrew
Weinreich, is often considered the first true social networking site. Users
could create profiles, connect with friends, and even see their “degrees of
separation” from others. While it eventually faded, Six Degrees paved the
way for future platforms.

2002-2004 The Rise of Friendster and LinkedIn. Launched in 2002, Friendster

connected friends of friends, creating a dynamic online social circle. In 2003,
LinkedIn emerged as the first major professional networking platform. These
platforms showcased the potential of social media to connect people for
specific purposes.
LinkedIn in 2004
2004 Facebook – A Game Changer. Mark Zuckerberg’s Facebook revolutionized
social networking. Facebook’s user-friendly interface lets users share updates,
photos, and messages and connect with a broader network. Its rise marked a turning
point in online interaction.

Facebook in 2004

2005 – 2006: The Age of Video and Microblogging. In

2005, YouTube revolutionized visual content consumption and creation as a video-
sharing platform. In 2006, Jack Dorsey introduced Twitter, a microblogging platform
for concise, rapid information sharing with a 140-character limit (later increased).
 YouTube in 2005
3. The Modern Social Media Era (2010s – Present)
2010: The Power of Images – Instagram. The launch of Instagram by Kevin
Systrom and Mike Krieger ushered in the era of photo sharing. The platform’s focus
on visual storytelling and easy-to-use filters transformed how people documented
and shared their lives online.

Instagram in 2010

2011: Disappearing Messages – Snapchat. In 2011, Evan Spiegel

introduced Snapchat, which focused on ephemeral messages that disappear after
a set time. This focus on fleeting moments and a more private sharing experience
resonated with a new generation of users.
 Snapchat in 2011
2012 – 2016: Short-Form Video Takes Center Stage. Vine (2012), with 6-second
looping videos, and TikTok (2016), focused on short-form creative content,
reshaping online entertainment consumption.

Vine in 2012

2015: The Birth of Discord. This decade saw the rise of Discord, a platform
originally conceived for gamers. Jason Citron and Stanislav Vishnevskiy
created Discord for online gaming, focusing on clear voice chat and community
building ease. Discord’s popularity extended beyond gaming, appealing to users for
its blend of text chat, voice channels, and screen-sharing.
 Discord in 2015

2020s: The Age of AI and Algorithms. Today, AI and advanced algorithms are
integral parts of social media platforms.AI personalizes content recommendations,
tailors advertising experiences, and even moderates content. This raises questions
about privacy, control, and the potential biases inherent in algorithms. One of the
most recent additions is the Meta AI. Its AI engine powers features like chatbots and
content recommendations across social media apps. It personalizes feeds,
translates languages, and streamlines communication, all to make social
connections smoother.

Meta AI homepage

4. 2023: The Rise of Threads. Twitter introduced “Threads,” letting users string
tweets together for cohesive narratives, innovating social media storytelling. This
fostered long-form storytelling and in-depth discussions within the platform’s
traditionally character-limited format.
 Threads Login Page

The Twitter Transformation (X). In 2022, Elon Musk’s acquisition of Twitter sparked
a major change. Twitter was rebranded as “X,” signifying a shift towards an
“everything app” vision. This included integrating features like payments, messaging
functionalities beyond tweets, and potentially even video and music streaming. The
platform also saw a significant overhaul in content moderation policies, with Musk
advocating for a more “free speech” approach, which generated controversy.

Twitter (X) Login Page

2020s and beyond. As we move past the early 2020s, here are some additional
trends to watch:

• The Continued Rise of AI. AI will increasingly personalize feeds, combat

misinformation, and create original content in the future of social media.
• The Decentralization Movement. Blockchain platforms may disrupt social media
giants, offering users more data control and innovative user experiences.
• The Focus on Privacy. Privacy concerns may drive stricter regulations and user-
centric features empowering individuals to manage their online presence securely.
• The Short-Form Video Boom. TikTok and YouTube are adapting to the
popularity of short-form videos, with features like YouTube Shorts gaining traction.
• The Rise of Audio Social Media. Platforms focused on audio-based interaction,
like Clubhouse, might gain traction, offering a more intimate and interactive
experience.

5. Benefits and Drawbacks of Social Media

Benefits:
• Connectivity on Steroids. Gone are the days of pen pals and snail mail. Social
media allows instant messaging, video calls, and smooth communication across
continents. We can reconnect with long-lost friends, stay in touch with family abroad,
and build new relationships that transcend geographical boundaries.
• Information at Your Fingertips. Social media platforms have become gateways
to a vast ocean of information. Breaking news, educational resources, and niche
tutorials are readily available. With just a few clicks, you can follow industry experts,
learn new skills, and stay informed about current events.
 • Empowering Brands and Individuals. Social media has democratized brand
building. Businesses of all sizes can establish an online presence, connect with
target audiences, and promote their products or services. Individuals can leverage
social media to build personal brands, showcase their talents, and connect with
potential employers or collaborators.
• Fueling Social Movements. Social media has become a powerful tool for social
change.#MeToo and #BlackLivesMatter gained momentum on social media, raising
awareness, fostering solidarity, and mobilizing supporters globally.

Drawbacks:
1. The Misinformation Minefield. The ease of sharing information on social media
can be a double-edged sword. False news and misleading content can spread like
wildfire, making it difficult to discern fact from fiction. This can have serious
consequences, from influencing elections to eroding trust in credible sources.
2. Privacy Under Scrutiny. Sharing personal information online comes with
inherent risks. Data breaches, unauthorized data collection, and targeted
advertising raise concerns about privacy and online security. Users must be
vigilant about what information they share and understand how it might be used.
3. Mental Health—A Fragile Balance. Social media can cultivate feelings of
inadequacy and social comparison. The curated highlight reels of others can distort
reality, leading to anxiety, depression, and isolation. Setting healthy boundaries
and focusing on real-life connections is crucial.
4. Echo Chambers and Confirmation Bias. Personalized content algorithms can
create echo chambers, reinforcing users’ existing beliefs with selective information
exposure. This can lead to polarization, hinder critical thinking, and make it difficult
to engage in constructive dialogue with opposing viewpoints.

The Power of Social Media for Good: Social media isn’t inherently negative.
It has demonstrably played a positive role in various situations:

1. Disaster Response. During crises like the 2010 Haiti earthquake, social media
facilitated communication, coordinated rescue efforts, and disseminated vital real-
time information.

2. Health Information Dissemination. During COVID-19, social media was crucial

for sharing health information, promoting measures, dispelling misinformation, and
aiding public awareness efforts.

3. Fundraising for a Cause. Platforms like GoFundMe have revolutionized

fundraising. Social media allows individuals in need to connect with a global
audience and raise funds for medical expenses, disaster relief, and various other
causes.
 4. Building Online Communities. Social media fosters inclusivity by providing safe
spaces for marginalized voices. Facebook groups, Reddit forums, and Twitter
communities connect people with shared interests, experiences, and identities,
supporting, belonging, and promoting change.

Information Technology

Information technology (IT) is entailing the study and application of computers and any
type of telecommunications that store, study, retrieve, transmit, manipulate data
and send information. Information technology is involving a combination of
hardware and software that is used to perform the significant tasks that people
need and use on an everyday basis.

Importance of Information Technology in Today’s World

Here are a few robust points that are emphasizing just the importance of information
technology in the modern world.
1. Increasing Productivity and Efficiency
Sometimes, you might find yourself complaining about how slow your internet is and
how long your search results load. However, if you are looking back to the advent of
IT, people were searching for hours in a library for finding a book that contains just the
information they need.
Now, it is only taking a few seconds minutes if your internet is slow. We are now
observing a tolerance to speed and efficiency. That too when the fastest search is not
fast enough. This is only one instance of how information technology speeds things
up for us. Thus, increasing our productivity and efficiency.
2. Faster Communication
Another thing that information technology is making remarkable is communication.
Within a few clicks or swipes, you’ve face-to-face connected with your mom from three
states away.
It is making communication easily accessible, faster, and almost virtually free.
Therefore, resulting in better connections between people and businesses. Also,
several businesses hinge on communication made possible with the aid of IT. For
example, call centers and telecommunication companies.
Connecting with other people for personal or business purposes is just a breeze,
thanks to information technology. This is one of the major reasons why information
technology is an essential aspect of almost all industries, as further discussed below.

3. Affecting all Work Environments

Almost everything nowadays is operating with the help of information technology.
Nearly all industries are acknowledging the importance of information technology.
Following are some of the sectors of society that IT is necessary:
4. Business
Go to any business establishment, and you’ll certainly find them using managed IT
services. Businesses are depending so much on IT systems for keeping things running
smoothly. Departments from manufacturing to human resources are using information
technology in their everyday operations.
The business sector is among the most that leverage information technology. Among
the importance of information technology include:
• Providing technical support for customers and business operations
• Solving complex business concerns with advanced hardware and up-to-date
software applications
• Enabling decision-making easier through data-driven data extracted from the latest
tools
• Keeping all resources tidied up in one centralized place
• Providing maximum security for cloud data as well as online assets like the website
• Amplifying marketing efforts through the use of digital marketing strategies
• Generally, making business operations efficient through the collective benefits of
the above mentioned
5. Education
With the occurrence of distance learning around the world, especially since 2020,
education is now observing how information technology can be a vital tool for academic
success.
Lots of online learning platforms are sharing high-quality courses for self-development.
Students can use knowledge base by Papertyper to improve their college papers.
Now, even universities and colleges are doing the same.
6. Finance
Online purchasing, online banking, and even in-house transactions are possible with
the help of IT. As a result, all financial institutions are requiring information technology.
In addition, they are handling a lot of data. Hence, taking care of massive amounts of
numbers. So, they are requiring the sort of technology that can ensure their data’s
safety and accuracy.
7. Healthcare
Healthcare is evolving from pen-and-paper documentation to virtual filing. Patients’
data, treatment protocols, hospital billing, consultations, and charting are now
performed with the facilitation of computers.
IT is faster and more reliable than paper files since large amounts of data can be stored
continuously. For instance, a patient can have records from birth until death, which
healthcare providers and relevant personnel can easily take out and access with a
quick search. Therefore, resulting in much more efficiency than browsing through
rusty file cabinets for termite-eaten folders.
8. Security
With several data stored in technology, it can be disastrous if it falls into the wrong
hands. However, on the other hand, it is helping to secure all of the data that a person
or a company has through encryption and passwords.
Advantages of Information Technology
Information technology has significantly altered our lives. You’re only one click away
from everything. So, here is a summary of the benefits of information technology in our
life. Additionally, information technology is required in all fields.
• With advancements in information technology, one may now access the
company’s system from anywhere. It is not necessary for the authority to remain
in the office only. They can also submit their work from home. The ease of access
to the system has undoubtedly enhanced productivity even when the worker is not
physically present in the workplace.
• There is a high demand for IT specialists across multiple areas. The demand
creates a tremendous opportunity for IT experts to study the field and demonstrate
their abilities. IT professionals can work in computer programming, system
analysis, testing, software and hardware development, web application design,
and other areas.
• With the growth of information technology, the education profession has changed
its perspective and embraced a more modern method of teaching and learning.
Blackboard teaching is a thing of the past. Teachers and organizations are
embracing modern technology to educate their students. A computer with an
internet connection enables kids to learn new things and understand topics more
simply and thoroughly.
• Information technology also benefits patients. They can now interact with
physicians and seek guidance online. Furthermore, there are numerous virtual
healthcare applications available to provide help. Patients benefit from efficient and
high-quality healthcare because to electronic health records and telemedicine.
In the technological world, information technology has eliminated the
disadvantages of time and distance in economic processes. Buying and selling
has become far too simple. Customers can buy online from both local and foreign
providers.
• News broadcasting has gotten more easier because to wireless communication
means. It only takes a few seconds to find out the latest news from anywhere in
the world.
• The use of the internet on mobile phones, tablets, laptops, iPods, and other
devices has provided us with limitless access to entertainment mediums. Over-
the-top (OTT) platforms allow users to watch films or listen to new songs.
• People can communicate more cheaply, easily, and quickly than ever before
because to information technology. Texting, video calling, and emailing have
become extremely simple in recent years. There are numerous apps available
online that provide these services.
• We saw and comprehended the significance of globalization through the use of
information technology. Today, the world is on one platform, with no physical
barriers separating nations. People are increasingly considered ‘global’ citizens.

References:
History of Social Media: Tracing the Evolution from the Beginning to Now – Social
Champ. (2024, July 12). https://www.socialchamp.io/blog/history-of-social-media/