Lesson 10.

3 Coding Instructor Guide

Coding Instructor Guide

Objectives
In this activity, you will:

• Identify coding and assembly languages.

• Recognize how a program is mapped out using plain language before the coding begins.
• Identify variables, character types, and logical operations.
• Describe the flow of a program and the functions used in every programming language.

What is Coding?
Answer each question with the correct answer.

Question Answer
What language does a computer understand? Binary, Ons and Offs, or 1s and 0s.

What does the term “Syntax” mean? A set of rules for how to write code or
programming language.
What are the names of at least three programming languages? • Python
• C++
• Ruby
• Basic
• Assembly Language
What does a program compiler do? It translates the computer code to machine
language.
How does an interpreted programming translate code? It translates code to machine language line
by line as the program runs.
Does an assembly language program need a compiler or interpreter? No

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 Lesson 10.3 Coding Instructor Guide

Flowchart Shapes
Match the shape with its definition and write it in the table next to the correct definition.

Shapes
• Oval • Diamond • Arrow
• Parallelogram • Rectangle
Shape Definition
Diamond Decisions answered with a yes or no.

Arrow The logical flow of the program.

Oval The start and end of a program.

Parallelogram Input and Output.

Rectangle Represents a process.

Coding Terminology
Match the term with its definition and write it in the table next to the correct definition.

Terms
• Flowchart • Operators • Vectors • Boolean and
• Pseudocode • Variable • Array Logic

Term Definition
Operators A symbol or keyword that tells the compiler or interpreter to perform a specific mathematical,
relational, or logical operation and produce a final result (i.e., greater than (>) or less than (<)).
Boolean and Logic Operators that compare if two values match, then allow the computer to make a decision based on
the outcome.
Vectors Groups of the same type of variable.

Flowchart Programmers use these to design the flow of their code.

Array A special type of variable that holds many values at once.

Pseudocode A way to describe how a computer program works using plain language instead of actual
programming code.
Variable A container that can hold numbers, words, phrases, and other values.

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 Lesson 10.3 Coding Instructor Guide

Boolean Logic
Use the input variables and the Boolean operators (AND, OR, and XOR) to deduce the outcome using logic. Place true or false
for the output.

AND
Input Output
True True
True
Input Output
True False
False

OR
Input Output
True True
False
Input Output
False False
False

XOR
Input Output
True False
True
Input Output
True True
False

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 Lesson 10.3 Coding Instructor Guide

Pseudocode
Use the pseudocode to deduce what the programmer is doing.

Pseudocode What is the Programmer Doing?

BEGIN The programmer wants to code a program that adds
// Declare variables two numbers and shows the sum.
DECLARE num1, num2, sum
// Prompt user for the first number
PRINT "Enter the first number:"
INPUT num1
// Prompt user for the second number
PRINT "Enter the second number:"
INPUT num2
// Calculate the sum of the two numbers
sum = num1 + num2
// Print the result
PRINT "The sum of", num1, "and", num2, "is", sum
END

Variables, Character Types, and Logical Operations

Match the term with its definition and write it in the table next to the correct definition.

Terms
• Loops • Code • Branching • While Loops
• Call Functions Documentation • For Loops • Functions

Term Definition
Branching Code can follow different paths and run different sets of code depending on conditions.

While Loops A control flow statement that repeats a block of code as long as a specified condition is
true.
Call Functions It happens when a program gets a ‘call’ to go to another part of the program.

Functions A piece of code that does one specific job.

Code Documentation Comments in the code to let them and other programmers know what the code is doing.

For Loops A control flow statement that repeats a block of code a specific number of times.

Loops Repeat code WHILE a condition exists.

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