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CPP Functions Complete Guide

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of functions in C++, detailing their syntax, categories, and examples. It covers built-in and user-defined functions, inline functions, recursion, function overloading, default parameters, prototypes, and lambda functions. Mastering these concepts is essential for writing modular and efficient C++ code.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
2 views4 pages

CPP Functions Complete Guide

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of functions in C++, detailing their syntax, categories, and examples. It covers built-in and user-defined functions, inline functions, recursion, function overloading, default parameters, prototypes, and lambda functions. Mastering these concepts is essential for writing modular and efficient C++ code.

Uploaded by

muudyjumbe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complete Guide to Functions in C++

1. Introduction to Functions in C++

Functions in C++ allow you to break a program into smaller, reusable parts. They enhance readability, reduce

repetition, and help modularize logic.

This guide includes all types of functions, advanced concepts, and full working code examples.

2. Basic Function Syntax


return_type function_name(parameter_list) {
// body of function
return value; // if applicable
}

3. Categories of Functions

1. Built-in Functions (e.g., cout, cin, sqrt)

2. User-defined Functions:

- No return, no parameters

- No return, with parameters

- With return, no parameters

- With return, with parameters

3. Inline Functions

4. Recursive Functions

5. Overloaded Functions

6. Functions with Default Parameters

7. Function Prototypes

8. Lambda Functions

4.1 Function with No Return and No Parameters


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void greet() {
cout << "Welcome to C++!" << endl;
}
int main() {
greet();
Complete Guide to Functions in C++

return 0;
}

4.2 Function with Parameters and No Return


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void displaySum(int a, int b) {
cout << "Sum: " << a + b << endl;
}
int main() {
displaySum(10, 20);
return 0;
}

4.3 Function with Return and Parameters


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int multiply(int a, int b) {
return a * b;
}
int main() {
int result = multiply(5, 6);
cout << "Product: " << result << endl;
return 0;
}

4.4 Recursive Function


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int factorial(int n) {
if (n <= 1) return 1;
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}
int main() {
cout << "Factorial of 5 is " << factorial(5) << endl;
return 0;
}

4.5 Inline Function


Complete Guide to Functions in C++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
inline int square(int x) {
return x * x;
}
int main() {
cout << "Square of 4 is " << square(4) << endl;
return 0;
}

4.6 Function Overloading


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
float add(float a, float b) {
return a + b;
}
int main() {
cout << add(3, 4) << endl;
cout << add(3.5f, 2.5f) << endl;
return 0;
}

4.7 Function with Default Arguments


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void greet(string name = "Guest") {
cout << "Hello, " << name << "!" << endl;
}
int main() {
greet("Alice");
greet();
return 0;
}

4.8 Function Prototype


#include <iostream>
Complete Guide to Functions in C++

using namespace std;


int sum(int, int); // prototype
int main() {
cout << "Sum is: " << sum(4, 5) << endl;
return 0;
}
int sum(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

4.9 Lambda Function


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
auto add = [](int x, int y) { return x + y; };
cout << "Sum: " << add(5, 6) << endl;
return 0;
}

5. Conclusion

Functions in C++ are powerful tools that help you write modular, efficient, and maintainable code. By

mastering all function types, including recursion, overloading, and lambda expressions, you can significantly

enhance your C++ programming skills.

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