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Unit 7

The document provides an overview of various network topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree topologies, detailing their structures, advantages, and disadvantages. Each topology has unique characteristics affecting cost, performance, and reliability. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding these topologies for effective network design and management.

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Chris Ben
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3 views22 pages

Unit 7

The document provides an overview of various network topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree topologies, detailing their structures, advantages, and disadvantages. Each topology has unique characteristics affecting cost, performance, and reliability. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding these topologies for effective network design and management.

Uploaded by

Chris Ben
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NETWORK

TOPOLOGIES
MR CM
WHAT IS A NETWORK TOPOLOGY
• Network Topology is the schematic description of a
network arrangement, connecting various nodes (sender
and receiver) through lines of connection.
Bus Topology
• Bus networks use a common backbone to connect all
devices.
• A single cable, the backbone, functions as a shared
communication medium that devices attach or tap into
with an interface connector.
• A device wanting to communicate with another device on
the network sends a broadcast message onto the wire
that all other devices see, but only the intended recipient
actually accepts and processes the message.
ADVANTAGES OF BUS TOPOLOGY
1. It is cost effective.
2. Cable required is least compared to other network
topology.
3. Used in small networks.
4. It is easy to understand.
5. Easy to expand joining two cables together.
DISADVANTAGES OF BUS TOPOLOGY
• Cables fails then whole network fails.
• If network traffic is heavy or nodes are more the
performance of the network decreases.
• Cable has a limited length.
• It is slower than the ring topology.
IMAGE OF A BUS TOPOLOGY
Star Topology
• A star network features a central connection point called a
"hub node" that may be a network hub, switch or router.

• Compared to the bus topology, a star network generally


requires more cable, but a failure in any star network
cable will only take down one computer's network access
and not the entire LAN. (If the hub fails, however the
entire network also fails.)
Advantages of Star Topology
• Fast performance with few nodes and low network traffic.
• Hub can be upgraded easily.
• Easy to troubleshoot.
• Easy to setup and modify.
• Only that node is affected which has failed, rest of the
nodes can work smoothly.
Disadvantages of Star Topology
• 1. Cost of installation is high.
• 2. Expensive to use.
• 3. If the hub fails then the whole network is stopped
because all the nodes depend on the hub.
• 4. Performance is based on the hub that is it depends on
its capacity
IMAGE OF A STAR TOPOLOGY
Ring Topology
• In a ring network, every device has exactly two neighbors
for communication purposes.
• All messages travel through a ring in the same direction
(either "clockwise" or "counterclockwise").
• A failure in any cable or device breaks the loop and can
take down the entire network.
• Ring topologies are found in some office buildings or
school campuses.
Advantages of Ring Topology
• 1. Transmitting network is not affected by high traffic or by
adding more nodes, as only the nodes having tokens can
transmit data.
• 2. Cheap to install and expand
Disadvantages of Ring Topology
• 1. Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology.
• 2. Adding or deleting the computers disturbs the network
activity.
• 3. Failure of one computer disturbs the whole network.
IMAGE OF A RING TOPOLOGY
Mesh Topology
• It is a point-to-point connection to other nodes or devices.
All the network nodes are connected to each other.
• Mesh has n(n-1)/2 cables to link “n” devices.

• n in the formula means DEVICES (Computers)


• Types of Mesh Topology
• 1. Partial Mesh Topology : In this topology some of the
systems are connected in the same fashion as mesh
topology but some devices are only connected to two or
three devices.
• 2. Full Mesh Topology : Each and every nodes or
devices are connected to each other.
Advantages of Mesh Topology
• Each connection can carry its own data load.
• Fault is diagnosed easily.
• Provides security and privacy.
Disadvantages of Mesh Topology
• Installation and configuration is difficult.
• Cabling cost is more.
• Bulk wiring is required.
IMAGE MESH TOPOLOGY
Tree Topology
• Tree topologies integrate multiple star topologies together
onto a bus.
• In its simplest form, only hub devices connect directly to
the tree bus and each hub functions as the root of a tree
of devices.
• This bus/star hybrid approach supports future
expandability of the network much better than a bus.
Advantages of Tree Topology
• Extension of bus and star topologies.
• Expansion of nodes is possible and easy.
• Easily managed and maintained.
• Error detection is easily done.
Disadvantages of Tree Topology
• Heavily cabled.
• Costly.
• If more nodes are added maintenance is difficult.
• Central hub fails, network fails.
IMAGE OF A TREE TOPOLOGY

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