D phe VA Mocluboy Arithmetic Aaistont professor Let a b be atnte aFto.we Diviestbel’t 4 I- 6 | Say that 4 divide b y theyre UAE om ire: | k Auch ‘Yaak b=aKxk. | = a dividu 6» we wrttt a alb. | | rt a dou not divide b, wel write a fb- Ex:- th 18/94 | «> T= 13XS fiy In)ay 6% 84 =18x7 | itiy Hoy sae Propenttas \— “ihe 4 Qala ¥aEez, ato ayers vaez, ato iD ‘la \v gem @-ala ¥ aéZ © afb v albx wxEz ® ale ond ‘ale =F albte @ alb ond ale =7 alb-e alb amd ble = ale | Devisten Algost tem t= Let a,b be +w0 Embeguis ,a to tere “xine tne yr such that b=agtn, osela wo cd the peice amol x t ths ts bow ow the quotteat , when b iA atuidect hag a" ne Citlsenal = Divison x Quotient + Remainder:Let a,b be two integers a) integin gre ade to be GC.d aod 6 id 4 tA tommen AIVI50A 4 a &b) lemme divider (1) 9 Ja omol gh ci tity nla ondl hip = nl (4 omy a od b tA alse a cliviaoy 4 9] G euatest common Diitiser CGC D*. | | 4 a ond b Is wr tten ow (a,b). G-c:D tthm i- Let a,b be, two lachegers such that b=ayt” ths sumasn der ” Euckid'a Al govt rato. There existe enegers yn oe nelal Tha i4 dome ar" IA va the quottent: , whim b lA divided ae a LL Divident = Divison quotient + Remain dor ooreatut commen dtviapn (4c Dd) Let a,b be two cot An tintegen gze 14 said ee a fe B Gs Aa a 4 . . | ih gla ono gle tne g ™ neu aivizor 4 4 & bd ity hla ool hl =y bla Ute a and b ts abo & divisoY 4 9) a anol btA vor tiem oA Za.b) 4 ang remmen divisor Geo H | Fusli'd!a At ont tM : : ‘ Lucida goa thm vA a metheel to pene! fhe " divicelen . cb y 100 mide ab by succusne ‘ A / d il be Fhe Gre? ei lout um" 30 gumarnde W ; =(a,b). thn by wating efivitem algorNin a | uly ; . a | dasa uf we cam fev ie mY auth wlVLE Equation. ‘ fin +07™ att = G who at¢o.b+0 called a lintan dia phomtine cou Uridmeus Linea Di'ophatt? and cis om inte “k tyradton in @ Yeowablr xy + x % Y Veruiablis. workin sulei Given axthy=C Steplé timo taba CaCO 4% a & &) stepal verity ale or not. tt dhe thm rt Wes mo solution . z+ ale thm time! a pantielan Aolutionte step 3 : eultds attby=e.b dimdine, 20 & yp uti al yori thm Auth that oot eee Step © guural solution UA Rv by. = 0- Bm , y=Y4oth ™ mMEZ.Froblews 7 te Fimd gecl of a) (84129 710) pinel GreD Y (3,12) 3)12 C4 cz 2. GeD=3 Cth Lert non- Bee gumeum dur) b) (9,14) —¥To Hrd GCA 69,14) q)14 (1 09 SIAC! 5 4 )5 (1 TH Ch 4 Oo 68 Geb-D= yy Cru darten- yet pumandoty c) (8,8) —y To Final Ger 2 gC & (3.8) o | 1 G@eD=8 Gaurt mon - 3070) | eumasinder) ANG, 6) —yTo Find @-C-D of (16) 6 Cé oS : oO GEeD=eVerity the Diophamtiine (or) mot. equ atten solutions bxi @ 6 +514 =aa : atvm Ly” i4 a tm dorm aa+by=c .1a56,b251 ware Ca b)=(6 523 : -ONa ; 4 anol 3f22 ot clot Ae Me hieon, oyna s0latTon ] @ aax+lhy= 11% Givin £47 16 of ant by =e ., 2233 (33,14 7= 14) 33 (2 38 “oo afSolutren +o Finel Dio phot m™m @ oa rtiay = 168 P ee Given Ly” % oF the gor art by=e a=70, baller: cab C70, 12) =/4 =a zo) nr (! wt howe ae “gay vl! na = 1t#0) +42 4a qo = 1(4a+as 2g) 4al! wo = 198) 414 Se ig )2el2 as = alla)to ag TO Fimol the genurad Ao Wen = y= 4a - 188) y= Ha! (40-1429) py 2810) 1(40) ty = atha) — 1199) my = e[na- a0) - 1070) py = 2 (la) - 240 pps 30 [-a) + Hal@ Q xb 4d sy 16t 2 19g = 40 (-as) tua lee) Go ee Ap =~ 2h = oy tA a pax teculan dolution - wural Aol 14 n= Xo- 2 Be G4 Ao: Papin ° % Bat Seva. bere =) 2 = 64 aly erOm 1H. 14 x = -ateeme a Ee Thur 42-8m-Ay 7 aomtay 7 E? 5 thy quot alt, cll@OsexerFay=4o Giver ty” VA of Hu {orm att by =e a=56, b=78 > C= 40 tab) = (66,72) = 8.50 56) 7aC! 5 =y FQ = NSO HE “a 56? & 56 = 3Clb6)+8 “ee l® le = acadt+ 0 a die =840 2) G@GR 4 Ca. bd =8 jo Fimel the quand Aoludton - 8= 56-3616) 8 =56-3[7a-1(56) g = 0(66)-317%) & = 56(a) tal BD x'Y by 8 oy = 56 (a)tIU-D to=&, Y= vara peorttoubern 40 lution 5 o = -b al goludiron (4 X=%0~Z™: yey-2m The re a- Fa, ya-3-5é6m 6 daa- mM, Y= 3-F™ Thy 4 = -qmras Ge va the qewred polutton.@ e4x+tasy =18 Given uy ra oF He fe A= 9H, b= 138. c= 18 Carb) = (a4 ,138)= 6 20 ay)iaals >) attby =6 we hove Haat 138 = 5004413 10d 2g (8 = 3(6) +0 : To Finol the polation. 6 = ay -/ (18) 6 = a4 -I (lax -fe4) 6 = 624) - 'U38a> 6 = ay (62 HB8-) . x ba ow Ig= 4 Cpgre 1232? Ho=- “hs Yp= 53! gurl sol” 1's =7t= |g-derRelatvely Prime Mumbetrs: Two numbur a ancl b aru Aatcl to be gular Prime. 07 Co-poime Yq ane! only tt (Ca,b)=1 1-4GCP of aad b tad. Eon t- (48,15) =1 +* Bama 15 wre sala tidy prem Congres t- Lee m be a postive mace anc a.b be amy two tntegers, wet say tra a conceuunt fo b moclulo m" 4 mca —b) symbeltcally we wrtte azabtmodm) 4 m[ca-b Ex’) B=23emods) "5 divide (8-3) 4 5/5 12) aszatmodud %° "Ieas—2) We tac. 13) 79 = 8CmokF) %6 afFl. Note +- wry astcmoctso) di'g't tor? unt te ima the form 37 cam be exprasecl | SHRED, git? gy gtht? octelo, then tis the feut la) any number ws ene ot 34 BAK = pemocw), HHS 3 pmoclto), 34**% atmadi ond 3h+t3 =4¢modla) According iy unt digtt ¥ any number Y sthe Form 371s ent 4 1,3,9 orF. a) 6726 (moclle) gor all n. of unt chigt't a omg number y the form nis| (4) 5%= stmodto) jor an: ot unt digg g anny num be; of th form SKS (5) Aang number of the form &" can be sapruseed an ene of atk, ghkt! Q4kta oy gukt? otk =e cmed lo) , a@tk"= gtmod to), 2t*?% yemodn and otkKM= 8 ¢moclle) Accordingly unt chiguts y any pum btn of tae form an "A ome 4 6n09, 4.8, 6) Ruy. number ot the dorm #” can be Laprttol on ene o quik, put! 7H Pg 4K =) ¢modl) , 24*t=21mod lo), pF amet omel 44k = a ¢mocllo) - | Accosdtingly, unt cuit af any number 4 form FV ts o7e Bal he FG, OF Bs (72 Wumber of tHe form 4%= gen (s) Mumber ot the 4orm ats 22" ym qn gee (a) wum ber ag the He,Ie Finch the Remeaunden coun) Find Mme srematriden hen 98? 1% divide! by HF then 220 t's alevieol 5 woes 4 soln! 08% 956 2al(mod4 7 i 2a 2¢-mocl 47, gol: 245 (6 =I (mods) Hy (9882 CAI CmMOAY ? pegagels (04) %= 1?%¢-mocl 5) a6 at dapoeonaennte > i 300 oS =e tmocd 471 47) air) 9300= 1(mods 49 | : a gltgrs iexattmod yy) ms | 2900 gl = gtmods) 22° = almod®) wh 230 1% aivi'decl bg 5. ae Find the Remaunde wher | the number 1091's divide by 12+ sol} a4 6=3¢mocki3) 5. (24)°= 943 ¢-modi3) w= = 4emodis) ra)auacie ° 13 Fe I emodi3) 3 104 100 — ue 59049 (mo liz) fq (190) 5 =3¢ (9100)? comectis) (eaeteaal 23" moolra) $3 70 Ql900 ¥ = 59044 Imodnyeay l000 _ oh = 3cmodr) 27 a6 The memunder (4 3. = 1g ts the Leart ne vamatel 4) 424 13 yay, “ad =H =y 9°? = aaou trod! a%= ;emod 49) + pne ramalnd 7 fat nd ne Remainder whan os ty divided) tne run bo Ci by 13+ solm 200_ be > ( ao mods) |@ rend ne Remainder w the umber (1 ys divid by 10 /72= 3 Crmecl lo) (17 3Ylz atemod 10? pps tmo of 10) $43, (ita tumod ie) 7 (19 "a 1 cerned jail, Pz aatmodle) jporrs atmool 10) @ Finck the pemacinden when FS Cs dive'decl ky —7 gts umnaeleeg (Fits icmoel Loe 3 moll ee — = doris FT: Tha eoLimean Congnuence 2 A tongruumce g th Collect a linear congrusence fn x, A Vntegen vahuk x which sahafeu He Limca congrumte iD called t'ta solation oF aoot» ¢ torm axz= blmod™) Us | Note: | 0) The Linean congauente ax =blmodlm) with Carm)= has t$mno solution 4 d%b wy exactly ca in tongrunent Aolatiera modulo ™ “f d/b | (@) zt a ono m ane eulativel prime h4 C4M)=/ tum tnt Linea corierivienee aL bemooln) has a | Unt’ que solution. | (3) Let mEN . ub be Untegun . rt aandm cane | ptlativel, prime tue a Sol” ay Antear congrruuente ax sitmbdlm) 1% cablect am imvouwr of a modulo m. (tt x =a! ¢moodm) Working procedure +o sewe limten cen qui tt. Givm ALE bemool m7 —+ lM step! Find Ca.mj=ol steph! check cohethen Alb | steppes Ep olp-thim tay tI) has vo dolution. ry Lp a]b +nim tq, ) has al tn tengrceent solution.T Step i “et Gon, bop amel 2 ng — TM ey 01) becomes AX = 1 lmool m—¥ (2) with (AMo=) amd '/p +f eg" ta) has a ung solution a to Steps. The ol tn comgrrent Aolu Hows 4 4p 1) oy wo by. Xo » Xot tO... aytld-1m er Propsttes of moeulan Azithmet'es— O cctoned oa) clémodm) = anol b= clmod m).tua 2= © azbimed™) ee) © aactmod™) anol b= clmoclm). tw il Hun amy c, ate =tbte) @ azvcemedm™) jor ny ons clin) tn jo” any c. f=9° pam maken @zp a= btme anes @ rp ae 2 be cmoctm) a oy @ zy ac = belmodm) 4m 4 a aeblmodm)| Probluii= Put : K=0/ H=0 EZ ii O Solve ! ax = ¢moct a5) 2 LE Aalmocksgy 1's dhe Aoludd Mere A=8. =), m=2a5 @ (asm) = 69,25) =1=0l (Aad J ama "1 (re otf bd es Thur KVM congruuim it how wnrque. 60 lution. Cle andy 85/gy-1 =y Seeldop SF =) on-| = aok | =Y a= ask tl => 72 98k T! , REZ - 2 | By imspectton For pay woe yt x=96 - B=12 ez SL=13lmodds) @solve i 3x= Ecmeocl 18)__sp Heve AZ, b=6, M=a$Z d:ged = Ca,m) = 3.05) ea8e amd clp = 3/6 2 ThE given congrumente has 3 Zou’ * divide 2y%0) by iis 306 = 8 (moda \—y 2) =y 32-6 = k 3x = ar+h Ls akth/z Let 128 and tu suemalnin a sol" ot oblarned by ot Th. 1 00 ran = 2448 at alle) = 6,10 5 eae B Thus +e holudion 4 Ly BD aus asatmodla), 25 6C(mod 12), 2=10(med 9). (solve Mat 2H gmod 25) = bimodw, Solty Cominco pea, Mae ca.m) = 1-95) Here Qzell, b= cde ob (eg) =? d= eas d=(2-! xa = a= (Sp x12 ie _caim)= (asa) eS daqeos Wy Che lb) Ae THe. ge ten. ce pnt'qur Aoludlon cleary arebemodm) mfax-b y =F oy 29fyart 27"Ea eae [1% = 25#Y LEHR FE Sy LE HEE || y= aS kKHY a ——— pat F=9. 228. Z 7 pce oat wt pat k= : P 0, £24 gz pod bal a put R22, Tae puk k=l »"=84 ae? a x =armotA? put Ka) =54 kl pn Botudr put F=3) m= 2h ¢? put po4, Hala g? ul pul = 95 nee put B= 6, 2 =H EZ | thus aeialmod as) ist solution - (4) solve 4% = almod 87a fin paptiodkton’ 10 | tht Jorm 4 ane pert a=lay b= d=ged = Can) ll Baa say 4b» aia geen con gruumle har solu ; a mg ztacmed’) -¥ (2) 22 gee ened or 4 /an-6 =7 71-6 4k at al faxxot™ x0 +2 | ot 3™ - HO Od APE yp 8X8, HF EXE. a “A mam 5» 8,10 7 xegemodal), 2356 it gimodaiand 1 = toc mods au tH solution 4 tH hi caualion -O Fenct the Leash oligtt 6 2013 az soln? 72003 _ Z 4x503 41 = 2 IKES a¢modl to) : avs the dat dtigtt @ Fenot the lout ditt gid | soln; 13513 ¢modl lo) 13 = 3tmed to) 137= 37 C-mod 107 137 = % lmodl to) ~1Cmoed tod (132)"8= c-18 temo io) 13° = | (mod tod 13°4 13 = 3 Cmod ty) ot 3 tA the Lat dtytt. @® Find thé sumea'mder | when | D1P5XU3BX 59 US dlred dec oy I | | solv? 11 )175C15 | ai 1752 o(modu) 65 55 10 Hatt Mae N2= acmoedu) 4h | 53=9 (modi!) a (FEXUBXS 3 = 1OX3x4 cmedl Ww = 070 CmodI) 110701 24 ae 50 AY tne oumainder UA & a 64X65 XLELA devittee) by 64 soln’ 64 =-3 Cmocl 67) 65= -acmod 64) 66= -1¢mod by 1164X65x66 =—6 Cr0d VP | Z6lemodsv | se presumain den (61 3S 1B5XTHXYB EA sided soM: 4)135(19 4 2 ae 1352 atmod 63 4 wn aed By snemeds am aus (é Than ys z atmod f ax4x2 [mel Vita x 74 Hs = 16 (mocdl4) Tor wt The sumeunder tad.] |@ Fincel thet Leort positive | val a Auch Hot QO #1= x0modf))azbrmady az » a-b=nk 64 Ji-usexk of. Bl-a s3K8 «1 The valu yt tnF @ 784+2x = a0mod 5) pesa-3 25m (08 ong inbeger) Fora 0 yt = 5 [ot bok Pe | Ante 025 valu eJ 75 +5290 1h crus —s-phe daank vals of % IA? @ sracarayimed4) Bq-(A4 BIE4E gq-4-3 = 4k B$6-L=4AK ajae 8 Aaa A paaee Leowrk 4 | poarhie va § mud-tiply bg Bb-a= BH A Te hat valli a| Poly nomial conepuuences FAD =aoxN4 Qa l4t -- ané Z, ou presents +he polynovt ) where N21 ad, +an = ocmeal-™ | amol avai 42 Cee Root of 40) ¢medm) tao’ CS callecl the soot oF $ (xemohnt 4g fllj=20 (modm) Of 4+ m|£c0) System of Limean cenapuiint conslden a agit 4 Linton congo on axdb enlmodn) cot tay = A Lmocl h) hon el polation 4 heap le solulon 4 ace ats ie ina varua bles * waitin a veou'a bles The Austen The system hor & urntqut Fermat Little thease ; rf P’ ca,pr=) thm @ ableiimodp?. is a prime num ber aol PX& cord Pol deviant ble by P yh Wilson +hneovm: re p ta @ prime mumby tun Cp-i2pe (p-101 = tpi emodp) tp-a)! = 1 (moolp) ani 5 ts prin mum ber , we check that te ase ormod 5) (04) 2/5 iy 4121 aaa fy 315 ttmods) ft 5 = ocmodls) lor) Stes . -1tmedp) note:Probluom eo Polynomtal son “ I Erma the moots ot th potmomal x24+2x- 3 mods) soln! cewtden $OO= 2+ 296 — put £0 Swe -3 4 ocmod 5) 2€(™-1) (6-D nel gu = 0 BeCmes) a4 yor faj2 5s ocmod 5) u=3 £063) = (0 # OCmod 6) n= 4) tty) = abso Cc med) wp eel, MED ATE tne routs Lt fenyemod 5) 2] Selve +ve comop ure 45-342 42 Z0t-mod +) solni FO = yS5—3x2+2 =O Cre 4) 1 the Wer os 4-423 > 3, 00-8 Selo? jee gn2atommed D £01) =ozocmed 3?) 0) =22 sotmod 3) $t3) sarsgormed ats “solute WO ty + £(-37 =-asS HO cmodt) £(-ap = -4a Bo cmed 3) £t-) =—-a #0 Cacia wt XLELtenod#) & xe -a (med 7) ou tH sol” ag. 2 tz tmoda) Sa” Bieta oe sol = *, aia -the + 21-32 3) Find ot e soot % comapuuna le 2+ 22-3 20m $i) = aoe eens SO cmed co\M: ev em ao: OOF the sotten tre, om tet ak (0,12) é-4,-3,-2, |r y ocen)= -75 oO $(-29 =-1sxfotmody) $¢-3p = -36 Zz 0tmod4a) "| Bt) = -6#2 (moda)£ (0D =-3 $0 Cmod 1) £03) =3020¢moda) $ID = oz 0tmoda)r | Fl) = 64 Ftocmodq) Sar=9 8 5-3, lyn cmocdla)d cow the ooh ae comeuue . yj x= 6Cmoda), LE 1Cmed 1), 25. 20m0d 2) 9m srooty o-t “the quvim Comgpusim Ce-Chuness Fematnden Thtovem + Let M1sMag.--- Me bE Posl Hye siateger « sudo velg prime ' paris elm, msI= 1 fo pS Let biyb2---- bY bE on brteang inter, Then +ue system a Lineot congpruin (es xX =bitmod m™,) X= be lmodma) x = balmodma) hou exactly enc solution moeclulo tne procluct m Lo working gules Givm xXSbi tmod m1) x = ba lmodmy a bert mool ma) steplt verity ime my d=t +07 ah stcpe! Finck M=am),.---Ma ---- My step 3 Fenel me = for Babi HM stepa* cotiden the Ldintot conapuuien tes MX =limocd mr) au satiefeck wrin tu unique polutien . steps: The Uniqs solution ef the system 4 Hie comet vhs qv by. N= byt, + b2MaX24 -- tb aMs 21 moclulo M.Problowu + 1 Solve the austen 4 Linton congruent oy sumealird. theorem! = aimodsa) ,4s3lmods) = acmodD | lHere - bi=a , br2=3, bg=ad m=3 , M5, Mga. woe veritythat (3,5)=1, (5,47=14 (a=p=! SMa Mix Max = 3X 5% = 105, Oh M=105 105 _ br= 2 5 ba=h m=5> my = 6 , M3 = 4 woe veriply dred (5, 6)21, CORDS MUSDAT = 210 wo Miz Mp xMygr~Mg= 5X6 KTR MgM5\ = \emodrag) 30 M5! = \ (moa? -\ =4 Z, Ms 30Ms!—1 [xo A= “lla! xc Ar2ajuraAc a 1 Li The untae, solution ef tht ee ate? Bug i el 2. = by Mi Mil + ba MaMa) + baMaMy! mo cl M XS BxXuyax 3+ dx asx St HXBox 4 mool 210 w= are +as50theotmoddato) 1 = 1008 ¢pmod ala) x £198 Comodl alo) 14 teu warn a solution, 158t=stmodds3) . 1 =almoeds7, x= 1tmed un) @ solve Herve bh= Qa, br2=3, bg=aQ M,=3, M2=5 5° ™3=4 we verity thot 63,5751, 15/12!» (n,37=) oe MM xmMxXmMs, = 3x 5x9 = 165 MaM 5.55, Maat = 15/5 = 33, Mga =198 a1 ne Now, M\Mj!=ttmod mm) 55M! =I bmodl 3D mia mM, M3! = Vtmod m3) 33 Mz! =I lmed 5) Mp MaMs3. = 1 tmod ms) 15 ag! = mod 2) + a Malas Thus, a unique soll X= bM Mi! +b:Problum en system Minkan Congyuenie rin a Variable } Solve the system Lauatien 7X24 =10Cmod 16) on ef duty =1mod 16) > Gum 724-34 = (moot (6) ant oy = gtmocl 6) o) a=7 , bFa , Aalto cua, a€=5,429 col Ca, b, n= CF) a6J=! Col Cah aber. wy ged (a9, 6J=4 nN=16 The system har a Uevigus solution Zot BYy= 100mockl6), x5 arts = 4 mocl!6) x3 BSu+15y = 50 (moa 16 600 HISY=9F (mod 16> = > oO 24 = a3 CmokI6) : = 16 teak yx alek+e3 $ | 21x03 ov 29q2—-23= 6K = YX 2 k=!) 2¢2 , hear xgz k=a? 2EZ 1 key! BEAEZ - fesstmodie) aw Now 42 +34 =10~mod 16) 24 +34 =10¢mod 16) By = -I (mod le) =y Mf ut (or) Sy-H sie y =lok—l 5 ker yf2 3 k=oKeHE? (modl6) | Ans@ solve The Aystom —} a=. b=6, m=! cay ,d=3, d=a ot equations Jxt6i =1lmod3) hx 15y=acmoda) nsdn cella, bshd= geclle.6,7) =] +t ged Ca,b, indie Also ged Cacl— be, oo The ays lent has a unlqut 60 => The system has a solution, n= ged la, 792! lution. conslden OUtEGS Iimod 7) = almod#) %9 Mize gic artt6y= imod 4). Btts4 zycmod P DVO f © —___ —62t= -3 (mol): ax = 1 tmolF) SY F ga =7 es ee . a put kel? {x= 4 EZ. , comsider Qt +6 A=H, Bté oy AWS \= | tmocl ) eltmodD. =-F (mod) of eye (07) ytd tk a7. = BK F put kel }JysoyeZ a [ysocmodt] aws OSProblema on Fermat's ttle Theorem. State mont ee tp? gg a pola mami ber am ec! ts drviat ble by e al“) =o med p? at! = 1tmod p> Problems i @ Erol 33! mod + By cermatis litle pormm (a=3, P=) aP'l=ttmod p) 3 = iemodlt) (36)%s 1S (mod 4) ao | camod 4+) MW 30 at emod 3) uw ow 3= 3 cmodt) @s-T 372104 devia ble by 3\ By Fewmat' uttle orm heve a=@, p=Fl al! =1¢mod Pp) 20 a et imod 317 30 (or) @°-1 Z ocmed 31) gimce He oumounden (A 77, WE cenctude Hho g2@1 fa dintarble by 3)-@ Find tu nemainden colon 210° (4 divided by 13 By Eenmot's Wttle Huorem heve A=2 ,Pp='3 aP! = 1 (mod p> g! = emo 13) (2) 87H 33 Cm 13.) aoe a8 2m7e = 1 cmodk 13) 22M 94 = 24 (mold) plocoo = (ecmod 3) 13) le (1 3 21002 = acmodl3) 3S W000 fy, divided) by I3- otls (@ He 2. BLA THe suwainden whim 2 @ ser a=, Gy atwistble by 21 by wine By Fenmat's little theorm. heve anke ee 227 -;20 Umeda Jatt tien bis J 22° =| (mok 3) 3goe a BO =3L (22°) = emed 31) fee D = (¢med 2D aaa 2'°= 1024 1 tmod 31) ——-7@) prem saycre ds i ae Ga goed ell tmod 31) ‘ 234? =1 (mod I Caclll +1 on bls) 2240S ag emod ai) stme the gumumden (A gem we conclude hat 3Ho eo -! (a divrarble by ZI.~g_ Wilson's Theorem past pie 04 rece number p= = (p-v (mod 6 — 7 ‘. ee on — — _ = (b+)! = -1 (mod p) nt ee aie 4 — _tp-2)! = 1 (mod p) = = (no oe te Upsa>1_2 {bat ) tod p) «4 . a a a 4 Find the reminder When 15! is divides s We have pea 3 2. The toninder ts 2.4 Find “the remindec rhea 14! t divioled a JE 8. cons 7 -m1_=(b- , oa tal = 8 (odta) eg te the tenia a... a ee \% I: 90 ie the reminder = 28Bod The_vemnder ulab+s L dle et | le hare ps3) BE __ ae 5 = By soilsons theorem ae Ht h-2d ts 1 tm — ee _ st Ulaal)=u tmodb) —O I oe St = = 2a (mods) — oO 31) pols | 43 _04® Comayrwences EY ubal)+5] = 442% (mods) Ylrat)+s! = 31 4 [2a \)45! <0 (mods)“Baltes hen oa ¥ aand n te am 0; Ave, Anteqers 10) pee “8s nol dite htog gle plone ee M_Need not A apt ES Ltmodn) pas ELE a on & prime divs ob 9 a 1 §o) = Oe( Py ifetyy e — ' e 2 dled = tox (ETT yy ote dko)e box tx rt Glu)= te PROBLEMS 4 God “Ih tumnioder 6.7 is divided by se —_ — We have (5 36)=1 4 “es she eb pp I (36) = 12 pbs. . aT Euler's Theorer oe = \ (mod.za). | a ee ee. | [tind - he ‘Tamainder ahen_3 a = teal Gioye1 — —_W10 = 245 sua — SO 2 _ 1 ns =10.x{ frye) — =e = : is they, Foe a ao $= \tmoan) [este LOmod to) ‘ 2.13")"= 1" (modo) 4 MHey zs: | Eind the reoninder hen 23% is divided boy 25 Iwe hove a=283 Wa25_6 :, By Euler's Theores 237°= 1 (mod 25) w)e— 6 25) me | (node _ 524 <4 (mod25) 5 = s 2) 2565 23° = a56(modss) 25)256 (to 2 10 0 ae V0«® gs®= 6 (moda5) +. 6 isthe remainderN= Ib = 3X5 oa Nt d(n)= tex(-$)(F-4) 28 | |e: ‘safle = Limod n) Eee Ses oi | 3° = Ltmod ts) L (4) = 15 (mods) | te tmodisl=> © l wiki += 1cmodis)—» © | 4% = utmodis)— - | v aus (modis) | 2401 ] by A =utmodis) —> 6) | 3° = utmodis) | 44 (0x® x@) aya yas (mods) i + 4 is The remainder if | 1 J | yy