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Advanced Programming 3

The document provides an overview of synchronous programming in C#, detailing its definition, characteristics, common use cases, and internal workings. It emphasizes the blocking nature of synchronous code, its predictability, and its inefficiency during I/O operations, while also offering best practices for writing synchronous code. Additionally, it briefly touches on the transition to asynchronous programming and the use of asynchronous delegates for improved efficiency.

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2 views5 pages

Advanced Programming 3

The document provides an overview of synchronous programming in C#, detailing its definition, characteristics, common use cases, and internal workings. It emphasizes the blocking nature of synchronous code, its predictability, and its inefficiency during I/O operations, while also offering best practices for writing synchronous code. Additionally, it briefly touches on the transition to asynchronous programming and the use of asynchronous delegates for improved efficiency.

Uploaded by

roqiarashid911
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Programming: BSCS 3rd

Describe threading and synchronization in C#. How do asynchronous


delegates and application domains contribute to efficient program
execution?

�Synchronous Programming in C# (Complete Detailed Notes)

�1. Definition & Concept

� What is Synchronous Programming?

 Synchronous programming means each operation completes before the


next one starts.
 It is blocking: the calling thread waits for the method to finish before
moving on.
 Commonly used for CPU-bound tasks, short-lived operations, and simple
applications.

�2. Characteristics of Synchronous Code

Feature Explanation

Blocking Each function call blocks the thread until it returns.

Sequential Instructions execute in a strict top-to-bottom order.

Predictable Easier to debug due to simple control flow.

Less efficient Can waste resources during I/O-bound operations.

UI freezing In UI-based apps, long-running tasks block the UI and freeze the
risk interface.
�3. Where It Is Commonly Used

 Console applications.
 Background services with no user interaction.
 Fast CPU-based computations.
 Legacy systems that don’t support async/await.

�4. How It Works (Internally)

 The current thread (e.g., main thread or worker thread) executes the
method.
 The execution halts at blocking calls (e.g., file read, database fetch).
 Thread remains occupied and can’t perform other tasks until the method
finishes.

�5. Common Synchronous Methods in .NET

Category Method Example Description

Reads all text from a file


File I/O File.ReadAllText(path)
synchronously

Network Downloads a string from a


WebClient.DownloadString(url)
I/O URL synchronously

Executes a query and reads


Database SqlCommand.ExecuteReader()
data synchronously

HTTP Gets HTTP response in


HttpWebRequest.GetResponse()
Client blocking way

�6. Step-by-Step: Creating Synchronous Functions in C#

�Step 1: Create a Method


7. Full Examples in Synchronous Style
�Example A: Reading a File Synchronously
�Example C: SQL Database (Synchronous)

�9. When to Use Synchronous Programming

✅Recommended If:

 Operations are fast and lightweight.


 Application does not need high responsiveness.
 You are writing console applications or scripts.
 The code is primarily CPU-bound and not I/O-bound.
�10. Best Practices for Writing Synchronous Code

 Avoid blocking calls in UI applications (e.g., WinForms, WPF).


 For I/O operations in real-time systems, prefer async alternatives.
 Keep synchronous methods short and efficient.
 Avoid mixing sync and async inappropriately (e.g., Task.Wait() or
Result on async methods).

�11. Advanced Tip: Thread.Sleep vs Blocking I/O

 Thread.Sleep(5000) – Blocks the thread intentionally (CPU idle).


 File.ReadAllText() – Blocks the thread during I/O (waiting for disk
read).
 Both are blocking operations, but for different reasons.

�12. Transition from Synchronous to Asynchronous

Sync Method Async Equivalent


awaitFile.ReadAllTextAsync(pat
File.ReadAllText(path)
h)
WebClient.DownloadString awaithttpClient.GetStringAsync
() ()
ExecuteReader() await ExecuteReaderAsync()
Thread.Sleep() await Task.Delay()

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