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? Class Notes

Algebra is a mathematical branch that uses symbols to represent numbers in equations and helps solve problems with unknown values. Key concepts include variables, constants, coefficients, and types of algebraic expressions such as monomials and polynomials. Basic rules like the distributive, commutative, and associative properties, along with methods for solving linear equations and factorization, are essential for mastering algebra.

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6 views2 pages

? Class Notes

Algebra is a mathematical branch that uses symbols to represent numbers in equations and helps solve problems with unknown values. Key concepts include variables, constants, coefficients, and types of algebraic expressions such as monomials and polynomials. Basic rules like the distributive, commutative, and associative properties, along with methods for solving linear equations and factorization, are essential for mastering algebra.

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madxxgamerz
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📘 Class Notes: Algebra (Mathematics)

🔹 1. What is Algebra?

 Algebra is a branch of mathematics that uses symbols (usually letters like x, y, z) to


represent numbers in equations and formulas.

 It helps us solve problems involving unknown values.

🔹 2. Key Terms

Term Definition Example

A symbol (like x or y) used to represent an unknown


Variable x, y
number.

Constant A fixed value. 5, -2, 3.14

In 4x, the coefficient is


Coefficient A number multiplied by a variable.
4

A mathematical phrase with numbers, variables, and


Expression 3x + 2
operations.

Equation A statement where two expressions are equal. 3x + 2 = 11

🔹 3. Types of Algebraic Expressions

1. Monomial – 1 term (e.g., 7x)

2. Binomial – 2 terms (e.g., 3x + 5)

3. Trinomial – 3 terms (e.g., x² + 4x + 4)

4. Polynomial – 1 or more terms (general term for expressions)

🔹 4. Basic Algebra Rules

1. Distributive Property:
a(b + c) = ab + ac

2. Commutative Property:
a + b = b + a; ab = ba

3. Associative Property:
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
4. Additive Inverse:
a + (–a) = 0

🔹 5. Solving Linear Equations

Step-by-step approach for ax + b = c:

1. Move constants to the other side.

2. Isolate the variable.

3. Simplify both sides.

Example:
Solve 3x + 2 = 11
→ Subtract 2: 3x = 9
→ Divide by 3: x = 3

🔹 6. Like Terms & Simplification

 Like Terms: Terms with the same variable and power.

o Combine them by adding/subtracting coefficients.

o Example: 3x + 2x = 5x

🔹 7. Factorization (Intro)

Factoring means expressing an expression as a product of simpler expressions.

 Example:
x² + 5x + 6 = (x + 2)(x + 3)

🔹 8. Common Mistakes to Avoid

 Don’t add unlike terms (e.g., 2x + 3y ≠ 5xy)

 Watch out for sign errors while simplifying.

 Always follow BODMAS (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition,


Subtraction)

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