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Class12 Physics Chapter1 Notes

Chapter 1 of Class 12 Physics covers electric charges and fields, detailing the nature and properties of electric charge, including Coulomb's Law and the principle of superposition. It explains electric fields, electric field lines, and the concept of electric dipoles, along with their torque and electric flux. Additionally, Gauss's Law is introduced for calculating electric fields using symmetry.

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5 views2 pages

Class12 Physics Chapter1 Notes

Chapter 1 of Class 12 Physics covers electric charges and fields, detailing the nature and properties of electric charge, including Coulomb's Law and the principle of superposition. It explains electric fields, electric field lines, and the concept of electric dipoles, along with their torque and electric flux. Additionally, Gauss's Law is introduced for calculating electric fields using symmetry.

Uploaded by

mirza480455
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 12 Physics - Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

1. Electric Charge

A fundamental property of matter that causes it to experience a force in an electric field. Two types: positive

and negative.

2. Properties of Electric Charge

Additivity, Quantization (q = n×e), Conservation, and Transferability.

3. Coulombs Law

F = (1/40) × (q1q2 / r2) describes the force between two point charges.

4. Principle of Superposition

Total electric force on a charge is the vector sum of forces due to other charges.

5. Electric Field

E = F/q or E = (1/40) × (q/r2). Direction is the force on a positive test charge.

6. Electric Field Lines

Imaginary lines showing field direction. Start from + and end at - charges. Never intersect.

7. Electric Dipole

Consists of +q and -q separated by distance 2a. Dipole moment p = q × 2a.

8. Torque on a Dipole

= p × E = pE sin

9. Electric Flux
Class 12 Physics - Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

= E A = EA cos, represents field lines through a surface.

10. Gausss Law

= q_in/0. Helps calculate electric field using symmetry.

Electric Dipole Diagram

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