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Java Syntax CheatSheet

This cheat sheet provides modern Java syntax and coding techniques, including sorting arrays and lists using lambdas, converting between lists and arrays, and custom object sorting. It also covers stream operations for lists and maps, frequency map tricks, priority queues, subset and combination generation, and useful ArrayList methods. Additionally, it includes examples for filling and cloning arrays.

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Dhaik Intillegent
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6 views3 pages

Java Syntax CheatSheet

This cheat sheet provides modern Java syntax and coding techniques, including sorting arrays and lists using lambdas, converting between lists and arrays, and custom object sorting. It also covers stream operations for lists and maps, frequency map tricks, priority queues, subset and combination generation, and useful ArrayList methods. Additionally, it includes examples for filling and cloning arrays.

Uploaded by

Dhaik Intillegent
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modern Java Syntax and Coding Techniques Cheat Sheet

1. Sorting with Lambdas

- Sort 1D array (primitive):


Arrays.sort(arr);

- Sort 2D array by first column:


Arrays.sort(intervals, (a, b) -> Integer.compare(a[0], b[0]));

- Sort by first, then second if equal:


Arrays.sort(intervals, (a, b) -> {
if (a[0] == b[0]) return Integer.compare(a[1], b[1]);
return Integer.compare(a[0], b[0]);
});

- Descending sort:
Arrays.sort(arr, (a, b) -> Integer.compare(b, a));

2. List to Array Conversions

- List<Integer> to int[]:
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
int[] arr = list.stream().mapToInt(i -> i).toArray();

- List<int[]> to int[][]:
List<int[]> merged = new ArrayList<>();
return merged.toArray(new int[merged.size()][]);

3. Array to List Conversions

- int[] to List<Integer>:
int[] arr = {1, 2, 3};
List<Integer> list = Arrays.stream(arr).boxed().collect(Collectors.toList());

- int[][] to List<int[]>:
int[][] arr = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}};
List<int[]> list = Arrays.asList(arr);

4. Custom Object Sorting


Modern Java Syntax and Coding Techniques Cheat Sheet

class Pair {
int start, end;
Pair(int s, int e) { start = s; end = e; }
}
List<Pair> list = new ArrayList<>();
Collections.sort(list, (a, b) -> Integer.compare(a.start, b.start));

5. Streams for Lists and Maps

- Filter + map:
list.stream()
.filter(s -> s.length() > 3)
.map(String::toUpperCase)
.collect(Collectors.toList());

- Sort map by value:


map.entrySet().stream()
.sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByValue())
.forEach(entry -> ...);

6. Frequency Map Tricks

- Build frequency map:


Map<Character, Integer> freq = new HashMap<>();
for (char c : s.toCharArray())
freq.put(c, freq.getOrDefault(c, 0) + 1);

- Sort by frequency:
freq.entrySet().stream()
.sorted((a, b) -> b.getValue() - a.getValue())
.forEach(entry -> ...);

7. PriorityQueue (Heap)

- Min heap:
PriorityQueue<Integer> pq = new PriorityQueue<>();

- Max heap:
PriorityQueue<Integer> pq = new PriorityQueue<>((a, b) -> b - a);
Modern Java Syntax and Coding Techniques Cheat Sheet

- Custom objects:
PriorityQueue<Pair> pq = new PriorityQueue<>((a, b) -> Integer.compare(a.end, b.end));

8. Subset / Combination Tricks

- Subsets using bitmask:


for (int i = 0; i < (1 << n); i++) {
List<Integer> subset = new ArrayList<>();
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
if ((i & (1 << j)) > 0) subset.add(nums[j]);
}

- Combinations via recursion:


void combine(int[] arr, int start, List<Integer> current) {
result.add(new ArrayList<>(current));
for (int i = start; i < arr.length; i++) {
current.add(arr[i]);
combine(arr, i + 1, current);
current.remove(current.size() - 1);
}
}

9. Useful ArrayList Tricks

List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();


list.add(5);
int last = list.get(list.size() - 1);
list.remove(list.size() - 1); // remove last element

10. Arrays.fill and Cloning

int[] arr = new int[10];


Arrays.fill(arr, -1); // Fill all with -1

int[] copy = arr.clone(); // Make a copy of array

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