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Earth Rotation Revolution Advanced Notes

The document outlines Earth's rotation and revolution, detailing the duration, effects, and key characteristics of each. Earth's rotation takes approximately 24 hours, resulting in day and night, time zones, and the Coriolis effect, while its revolution around the Sun takes about 365.25 days, leading to the formation of seasons. The rotation and revolution are influenced by Earth's axial tilt of 23.5° and its elliptical orbit.

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20 views1 page

Earth Rotation Revolution Advanced Notes

The document outlines Earth's rotation and revolution, detailing the duration, effects, and key characteristics of each. Earth's rotation takes approximately 24 hours, resulting in day and night, time zones, and the Coriolis effect, while its revolution around the Sun takes about 365.25 days, leading to the formation of seasons. The rotation and revolution are influenced by Earth's axial tilt of 23.5° and its elliptical orbit.

Uploaded by

rimanshukamti
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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■ Earth’s Rotation and Revolution – Advanced Geography Notes

■ 1. Earth’s Rotation (Spin on Axis)

■ Definition:
Rotation is the spinning of Earth on its imaginary axis from west to east.

■ Key Details:
- Duration: 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4 seconds (sidereal day); rounded to 24 hours (solar day).
- Axis Tilt: 23.5° from the vertical to the plane of Earth’s orbit.
- Speed at Equator: ~1670 km/h.

■ Important Effects:
1. Day and Night:
- The side facing the Sun experiences day.
- The opposite side is in darkness (night).

2. Apparent Motion of Celestial Bodies:


- Sun, stars, and Moon appear to rise in the east and set in the west.

3. Time Zones:
- Earth is divided into 24 time zones of 15° longitude each.
- Each hour = 15° rotation.

4. Coriolis Effect:
- Winds and currents deflect to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

5. Shape of the Earth:


- Earth’s rotation causes equatorial bulge → oblate spheroid.

■ 2. Earth’s Revolution (Orbit around the Sun)

■ Definition:
Revolution is the motion of Earth around the Sun in an elliptical (oval-shaped) orbit.

■ Key Details:
- Time Taken: ~365.25 days (1 year).
- Speed: ~29.8 km/s.
- Distance Travelled: ~940 million km/year.
- Orbit Shape: Elliptical, with the Sun at one focus.

■ 3. Effects of Earth’s Revolution

1. Formation of Seasons
- Caused by 23.5° tilt + revolution.
- Different hemispheres receive varying sunlight.

| Date | Hemisphere Tilt | Season in Northern Hemisphere |


|-------------|---------------------|-------------------------------|

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