Journal of Industry and Engineering Management (ISSN: 2959-0612) Vol. 2 No.

2, 2024 41

Programming and Debugging of Multi-layer Elevator with

Teaching Function

Lina Mao, Zhenguo Yuan

Guangdong Industry Polytechnic University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Abstract: With the development of modern computers, according to the composition

economy and urban life, elevator has method and operation mode of computer
become an indispensable means of control system, computer control can be
transportation in people's daily life. The divided into PLC control and microcomputer
traditional relay elevator control system control two ways. Among them, PLC has been
greatly reduces the reliability and safety of widely used for its advantages of small size,
the elevator system due to the large strong function, low failure rate, long life, low
mechanical and electromagnetic inertia of noise, low energy consumption, easy
the relay itself. In order to ensure that the maintenance, flexible modification logic, easy
elevator operation is efficient, energy-saving, programming, easy to link into the control
safe and reliable, the elevator control mode network and so on.[1,2]
must be improved. Programmable logic Through this research, we hope to provide
controller (PLC), developed according to useful reference for the innovation and
the needs of sequential logic control, is an development of elevator industry and teaching.
electronic device for digital operation We believe that with the continuous progress
specially designed for industrial of touch screen technology and the continuous
environment application. PLC has fast expansion of application fields, touch screen
processing speed and high reliability, which elevators will play a more important role in the
can ensure the normal, safe and reliable future, providing more convenient and
operation of the elevator. The elevator efficient services for people's travel.[3-5]
controlled by touch screen is convenient and
operable, which has become the choice of 2. Overview of Relevant Principles and
more and more high-end elevators. Technologies
Traditional elevator control methods often The elevator control system is mainly
rely on physical buttons, which are prone to composed of the main circuit of variable
wear and failure after a long time of use, frequency speed regulation, input and output
affecting the normal operation of the unit and PLC unit. As shown in Figure 1, PLC
elevator. The touching screen control mode is used to manage and control the start,
is more durable, and the operation is more acceleration and deceleration, stop, running
intuitive and easy. Passengers can quickly direction, floor display, landing call, operation
select their destination floor with just a in the car, safety protection and other
touch of the screen, greatly enhancing the command signals of the elevator traction
elevator experience. motor and door switch. Figure 1 shows the
simplified model of the elevator on the fifth
Keywords: Elevator; PLC; Touch Screen; floor and the schematic diagram of the control
Electrical Control cabinet.[6,7]

1. Introduction 3. Function Analysis and Research of

The electrical control part of the elevator Control System
mainly has two control methods: relay control
and computer control. The failure rate of 3.1 Elevator Internal and External
elevator using relay control system is high, Functions
which greatly reduces the operation reliability Inside the elevator, there should be 5 floor (1
and safety of elevator. So it's basically to 5 floors) buttons, opening and closing
eliminated. Because there are many kinds of buttons and floor displays. Up and down

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42 Journal of Industry and Engineering Management (ISSN: 2959-0612) Vol. 2 No. 2, 2024
display. When passengers enter the elevator, displays, the 5 floors of the elevator should be
the elevator should be able to allow passengers the same.[8-10]
to press the floor button representing the
destination they want to go to, called the 3.2 Analysis of Elevator Operation Status
internal call button. When the elevator stops, it The running state of the elevator can be
should have the function of opening and divided into initial state, running state and
closing the door, that is, the elevator door can running state.
be automatically opened, and after a certain 3.2.1 The initial state of the elevator
delay, it can be automatically closed. In At this time, the elevator is on standby on the
addition, there should also be a button to 1st floor, the elevator lighting is on, each
control the opening and closing of the elevator display screen is initialized, and the elevator is
inside the elevator, so that passengers can in the following state:
control the opening and closing of the elevator Call lights on all floors are off;
at any time when the elevator stops. The Each display inside and outside the elevator is
elevator should also be equipped with a "1";
display screen, used to show the elevator is All elevator doors inside and outside the
now in the state, that is, the elevator is rising elevator are closed.
or falling and the elevator is in the floor of the 3.2.2 The elevator is in the process of
floor, so that passengers can clearly know their operation
position, far from their own to the floor, the The elevator is in the following states:
elevator is rising or falling. After pressing the call button on a floor
(Floors 1-5), the call light on the floor is on,
and the elevator responds to the call on the
floor.
When the elevator is going up, if the calling
level is below the target running level above
the current operation of the elevator, the
elevator will first go up to this level before
completing the previous command, and then
complete other call actions from near to far
after completing the call on this level. If the
calling level is below the current level of the
elevator, the elevator does not respond to the
previous command until the elevator is back
on standby.
When an elevator is going up, if there are
multiple downlink calls, all of which are above
the current floor, the elevator reaches the
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of Elevator highest downlink call floor, and then responds
Control to other downlink call floors from highest to
The exterior of the elevator is divided into 5 lowest.
floors, and each floor should have a call button, When the elevator is going down, if the call
a call indicator, a rise and fall indicator, and a level is above the target running level under
floor display. The call button is a tool used by the current operation of the elevator, the
passengers to make a call, and the call elevator will first go down to this level before
indicator light should be kept bright before the completion of the previous command, and
completing the corresponding call request. It is then complete other call actions from near to
used to show the status of the elevator, like the far after the completion of the change of the
rise indicator light, the fall indicator light and floor. If the calling level is above the current
the floor display. Of the five floors, the first level of the elevator, the elevator does not
floor has an up call button, the fifth floor has a respond to the command until the previous
down call button, and the remaining three command is completed and until the elevator
floors have an up call button and a down call is back on standby.
button. The rise and fall indicators and floor When the elevator is going down, if there are

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Journal of Industry and Engineering Management (ISSN: 2959-0612) Vol. 2 No. 2, 2024 43
multiple ascending calls, all of which are elevator starts to slow down and stop on the
below the current floor, the elevator reaches level, otherwise it will continue to pass
the lowest descending call level and then through the floor at high speed; When a call
responds to other ascending call levels from button is pressed, the response indication is lit
lowest to highest. and maintained until the elevator completes
The display of each floor changes with the the call; When the elevator stops on a certain
movement of the elevator, and the indicator floor, press the door opening button inside the
light on each floor also changes. elevator to open the elevator door, and press
The elevator door is always closed during the door closing button inside the elevator to
operation, and the door will not open until the close the elevator door. But the doors cannot
specified floor is reached. be opened while the elevator is moving; When
Support other calls during the elevator the elevator runs to a certain floor, the
operation. corresponding indicator lights up, until the
3.2.3 The state of the elevator after operation. elevator runs to the front floor when the floor
After arriving at the designated floor, the indicator changes.
elevator will remain on standby until a new
command is given. After the elevator reaches 4. Program Implementation
the designated floor, the elevator door will Hall call and outgoing call button memory
automatically open and automatically close program as shown in Figure 2. Call and
after a period of delay. In this process, manual internal call memory in the car box are shown
opening or closing is supported; The value in Figure 3. T2 means that the elevator
displayed on each floor is the location of the automatically returns to the base station (1st
floor, and the upstream and downstream floor) when it is not used for a period of time.
indicators are off.
Elevator control requirements: accept the call
command of each button (including internal
and external calls), and respond accordingly;
When the elevator stops at a certain floor (such
as the 4th floor), press the call button (up or
down call) of the floor (4th floor) at this time,
it is equivalent to issuing the command to open
the elevator door and open the door. If the
elevator car is not on the floor at this time (in
the other 4 floors), wait until the elevator is
closed, and control the elevator to run up or
down according to the principle of not
reversing; The non-reversing principle of
elevator operation means that the call that does Figure 2. Outgoing Call Button Memory
not change the current direction of elevator Program
operation is preferentially responded to, and
the call that makes the elevator run in reverse
is not responded to until all these commands
are responded to. For example, if the elevator
is ascending between the 2nd floor and the 3rd
floor and there is a call on the 2nd floor, a call
on the 3rd floor and a call on the 4th floor, the
elevator first responds to the call on the 4th
floor, and then responds to the call on the 3rd
floor and the call on the 2nd floor. The
elevator is equipped with upper and lower
level induction on each floor (the first floor
only has the lower level, the fifth floor only
has the upper level). When the level point is Figure 3. Internal Call Memory Program
reached and the floor has a call signal, the

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44 Journal of Industry and Engineering Management (ISSN: 2959-0612) Vol. 2 No. 2, 2024
The comprehensive judgment of whether the used to set up the elevator control system to
floor is open is shown in Figure 4. complete the elevator command inside the car,
outside the hall call command, floor position
indication, door opening control and other
control tasks.
In order to promote the sustainable
development of touch screen elevators, we can
increase R&D investment in key technology
fields such as the Internet of Things, big data,
and artificial intelligence, and continuously
improve the intelligent level and personalized
Figure 4. Open the Door Comprehensive service capabilities of elevators.
Judgment Procedure And strengthen cooperation and exchanges
Touch screen running interface: within the industry, jointly develop technical
When the elevator does not call on the first standards and industry norms for touch screen
floor in Figure 5. elevators, and promote the healthy
development of the entire industry.

Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the 2020 China
University Industry-University-Research
Innovation Fund "New Generation
Information Technology Innovation Project"
(2020ITA05040); Guangdong Provincial
Department of Education's 2021 Young
Innovative Talents Project in Colleges and
Universities (2021 kQNCX 161); Guangdong
Provincial Department of Education's 2021
Figure 5. Initial Interface of Elevator Innovation Team Project for Colleges and
When the elevator is on the third floor, the Universities (Nature) (2021kct083); Special
external call on the third floor goes up, and the Project in Key Fields of Colleges and
external call on the second floor goes down, Universities in Guangdong Province
the touch screen runs the interface, as shown (High-end Equipment Manufacturing)
in Figure 6. 2022ZDZX3008; 2016 Guangdong Science
and Technology Plan Project
(2016B090927002).

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