Lecture 1 Functions
Lecture 1 Functions
PRE111
analysis in space, curves and surface and double integral and their application. In addition to these mentioned topics
the students will learn more about linear algebra and their applications for including matrices, determinates,
Textbooks
➢ Earl Swokowsk, “Calculus: The classical Edition”, (1977), Pearson publishing.
➢ Margaret L. Lial, Raymond N. Greenwell, Nathan P. Ritchey, “Calculus with Applications”, (2017), Pearson
publishing.
➢ Hass, Joel Heil, Christopher Thomas, George Brinton_ Weir, Maurice D - Thomas' Calculus-Pearson (2018)
Example
1- The temperature at which water boils depends on the elevation above sea level. 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐
2- The area of a circle depends on the radius of the circle 𝑨 = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 ( 𝒓 = 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒖𝒊𝒔)
How to know ?
Example
Definition
Practical Problem
A fence is to be built against a brick wall to form a rectangular lot, as shown in Figure 12. Only three sides of the
fence need to be built, because the wall forms the fourth side. The contractor will use 200 m of fencing. Let the
length of the wall be l and the width w, as shown in Figure 12.
(a) Find the area of the lot as a function of the length l.
(b) Find the domain of the function in part (a).
Mathematics 1- Fall 2024-2025 - Waleed Adel
(b) Find the domain of the function in part (a).
Polynomial functions
Example
Example
Example
𝑥
1
𝑓 𝑥 = 2−𝑥 = 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒆𝒙
2
Special Form
If a is equal to 2.718281828
then the function take the form
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑒𝑥
Mathematics 1- Fall 2024-2025 - Waleed Adel
Domain and Range
DEFINITION
A domain D is the set of the values of the independent values of 𝑥
A range Y is the set of the values of 𝑦 for each values of 𝑥
Example
Range Domain
Even
Odd
You Try
Classify each of the functions in as even, odd, or neither
Consider 𝒇 (𝒙) = 𝒙𝟒 and 𝒈 (𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑. 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 means that 𝑔 converts 𝑥 to 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 and then 𝑓 converts (𝟐𝒙
+ 𝟑) to 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝟒 .
What happens to 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 when x is a number very close to (but not equal to) 2?
Then
3. lim 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑐 .
𝑥→𝑐
If ƒ is not continuous at c, it is discontinuous there.
Example 7 Determine if each function is continuous at the indicated x-value.
𝒇 𝒙 at x = 3
discontinuous
Pay Attention to
the function