Python Beginner Notes (Urdu + English)
1. Introduction to Python
- Python ek high-level, interpreted language hai.
- Asaan syntax ki wajah se beginners ke liye best hai.
- Python ka use: web development, AI, automation, data science, games, etc.
Example:
print("Hello, World!")
2. Python Installation
- Download from: https://www.python.org/
- Install karte waqt "Add Python to PATH" option check karna na bhoolen.
- Terminal ya CMD me check karne ke liye:
python --version
3. Variables and Data Types
name = "Ayaan" # string
age = 15 # integer
height = 5.9 # float
is_student = True # boolean
4. Input and Output
name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Welcome,", name)
5. Operators
# Arithmetic
a=5+3 #8
b=5*2 # 10
c = 10 / 2 # 5.0
# Comparison
5>3 # True
5 == 5 # True
6. Conditional Statements
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
if age >= 18:
print("You are an adult.")
else:
print("You are a minor.")
7. Loops
# for loop
for i in range(5):
print(i)
# while loop
i=0
while i < 5:
print(i)
i += 1
8. Functions
def greet(name):
print("Hello,", name)
greet("Ali")
9. Lists
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(fruits[0]) # apple
fruits.append("mango") # add item
10. Dictionaries
person = {
"name": "Ayaan",
"age": 15
}
print(person["name"])
Practice Exercises
1. Print Statement
Write a program to print your name and your favorite color.
2. Variables
Create variables to store your name, age, and city. Print them.
3. Input and Output
Ask the user to enter their name and greet them using their name.
4. Arithmetic Operations
Write a program to input two numbers and print their sum, difference, product, and
division.
5. Conditional Statements
Write a program that asks the user for their age and prints whether they are a child,
teenager, or adult.
6. Loops
Use a for loop to print numbers from 1 to 10.
Use a while loop to print even numbers between 1 and 20.
7. Functions
Write a function that takes a number and prints whether it is even or odd.
8. Lists
Create a list of your 5 favorite foods. Add one more item to the list and print all items.
9. Dictionaries
Create a dictionary with keys: name, age, and country. Fill it with your info and print the
dictionary.
10. Bonus Challenge
Make a small program that asks for the user's name and age, and then tells them how old
they will be in 5 years.
Solutions to Exercises
1. Print Statement
print("My name is Ayaan")
print("My favorite color is Blue")
2. Variables
name = "Ayaan"
age = 15
city = "Lahore"
print(name, age, city)
3. Input and Output
name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello,", name)
4. Arithmetic Operations
a = int(input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(input("Enter second number: "))
print("Sum:", a + b)
print("Difference:", a - b)
print("Product:", a * b)
print("Division:", a / b)
5. Conditional Statements
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
if age < 13:
print("You are a child.")
elif age < 20:
print("You are a teenager.")
else:
print("You are an adult.")
6. Loops
# For loop
for i in range(1, 11):
print(i)
# While loop
i=2
while i <= 20:
print(i)
i += 2
7. Functions
def check_even_odd(num):
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Even")
else:
print("Odd")
check_even_odd(5)
8. Lists
foods = ["biryani", "pizza", "burger", "pasta", "ice cream"]
foods.append("samosa")
print(foods)
9. Dictionaries
info = {
"name": "Ayaan",
"age": 15,
"country": "Pakistan"
}
print(info)
10. Bonus Challenge
name = input("Enter your name: ")
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
future_age = age + 5
print(name, "you will be", future_age, "years old in 5 years.")
