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Baskar
 1. String
Constructors
2. Character
Extraction
3. String
Comparison

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 String Constructors

 String: An object storing a sequence of text characters.

 The String class supports several constructors.
 To create an empty String use default constructor.
 String s = new String();
 To create a String initialized by an array of characters, use the
constructor
 Syntax: String(char chars[])

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  Example: char ab[ ] = {‘a’,’b’,’c’};
String s = new String (ab);
 To specify a sub range of a character array as an
initializer using the constructor :
 Syntax: String(char ab[ ], int startindex, int
numchars)
 Example: char chars[ ] = {’a’,’b’,’c’,’d’,’e’,’f’};
String s = new String(chars, 2, 3);
Output: cde

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 String Constructors
 String object that contains the same character
sequence as another String object using this
constructor:
Syntax: String(String strObj)Example:
class makestring
{
public static void main(String args[])
{ char c[]={’J’,’a’,’v’,’a’};
String s1=new String(c);
String s2=new String(s1);
System.out.println(s1);
System.out.println(s2);
}
}
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 String Constructors

 The String class provides constructors that initialize a string

when given a byte array.
 Syntax
String(byte asciiChars[ ])
String(byte asciiChars[ ], int startIndex,int numChars)

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 Example
class substringcons
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
byte ascii[ ] ={65,66,67,68,69,70};
String s1 = new String(ascii);
System.out.println(s1);
String s2 = new String(ascii,2,3);
System.out.println(s2);
}
}
 Character Extraction

 The String class provides a number of ways in which characters can be extracted from a String object.
 charAt() -To extract a single character from a String. Return the char at the specified position.
Syntax: char chatAt(int where)
Example:
char ch = “abc”.charAt(1);
Output: b

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 getChars(): To extract more than one characters one at a time
Syntax: void getChars(int sourceStart, int sourceEnd, char target[ ] , int targetStart)

Index of the beginning of the sub

index i.e., one past the end of the desired substring
array that will receive the characters is specified by target
Index within target at which the substring will be copied is passed in targetStart

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 Character Extraction
class getcharsdemo
{public static void main(String ab[])
{
String s="this is a demo of the getchars
method.";
int start=10;
int end=14;
char buf[ ] =new char[end-start];
s.getChars(start,end,buf,0);
System.out.println(buf);
}
}
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 Character Extraction
 getBytes() : It uses the default character-to-byte conversions provided by the platform.
 Syntax : byte[ ] = getBytes();
Example
public class StringGetBytesExample
{ public static void main(String ab[])
{ String s1="ABCDE";
byte[] barr=s1.getBytes();
for(int i=0;i<barr.length;i++)
{
System.out.println(barr[i]);
}
}
}
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 Character Extraction
 toCharArray( ) : To convert all the characters in a String object into character array, the
easiest way is to call toCharArray().
 Syntax: char[] toCharArray()

Example
public class StringToCharArrayExample{
public static void main(String args[]){
String s1="hello";
char[] ch=s1.toCharArray();
for(int i=0;i<ch.length;i++){
System.out.print(ch[i]);
}
}}
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 To create an empty String use _______ constructor.

Answer: C) default

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 String Comparison

 The string class includes several methods that

compare strings or substrings within strings.
 equals() : Compares the two given strings
based on the content of the string. If any
character is not matched, it returns false. If all
characters are matched, it returns true.
 Syntax
 public boolean equals(Object anotherObject)
 anotherObject : another object i.e.
compared with this string

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 String Comparison

 equalsIgnoreCase() : Compares the two

given strings on the basis of content of
the string irrespective of case of the
string. If any character is not matched, it
returns false otherwise it returns true.
 syntax
 public boolean equalsIgnoreCase
(String str)

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 String Comparison

 RegionMatches( ) : Compares a specific region inside

a string with another specific region in another string.
 Syntax
boolean regionMatches(int startIndex, String
str2,int str2StastIndex,int numChars)

Specifies the index at which the region begins

string being compared

Comparision will start Within str2 is specified here
Length of the substring being compared

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 String Comparison

 The java string startsWith() method checks if this

string starts with given prefix. It returns true if this
string starts with given prefix else returns false.
 Syntax
public boolean startsWith(String prefix)
 prefix : Sequence of character

public boolean startsWith(String prefix, int offset)

 This is overloaded method of startWith()

method which is used to pass one extra
argument (offset) to the function.

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 String Comparison

 The java string endsWith() method

checks if this string ends with given suffix.
It returns true if this string ends with given
suffix else returns false.
 syntax
public boolean endsWith
(String suffix)

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 String Comparison
 equals( ) Versus = =
 compares a characters inside
compares two object references
to see
 a String object whether they refer
to the same instance.
 equals( ) :
 syntax
 public boolean equals( Object
anotherObject)

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 String Comparison
compareTo( ) : It is not enough to simply know
whether 2 strings are identical. For sorting
applications, you need to know which is less
than, equal to, greater than the next.
 A string is less than another if it comes
before the other in dictionary order.
 A string is greater than another if it
comes after the other in dictionary
order.
 Syntax
 int compareTo(String str)
 if s1 > s2, it returns positive number
 if s1 < s2, it returns negative number
 if s1 == s2, it returns 0

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 The java string endsWith() method checks if this string ends with
given___________.

Answer: A) suffix

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 Summary
String: An object storing a sequence of text characters.
To create an empty String use default constructor
To specify a sub range of a character array as an initializer using the constructor.
The String class provides constructors that initialize a string when given a byte
array.
getBytes() uses the default character-to-byte conversions provided by the
platform.
String Comparison methods are equalsIgnoreCase() , startwith(), endswith(),
equals, compareTo().,

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 Quiz

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