Bentonite

The Ciba HYDROCOL System
Newsprint & Mechanical Specialties
Paper
The Ciba HYDROCOL System

Cationic Polymer
+ + + + +++ ++ + + + ++ + + + +++
Bentonite Clay
+ +
--
- - + - ---- + - -- + + + + + + --
U.S. Patent No. 4,753,710 - June 1988
Paper
Bentonite - A Closer Look

Negative surface charge - Positive edge charge
300 nm
0.9 nm
-- -- - - - - - + - -- - + - -- -- + + + + + + + + -
100 nm
Swells in water - increases surface area to 700-800 m2/g
Paper
Bentonite Interactions
Polyamines, PAC, PolyDADMACs, Alum
++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + ++ + + + +
Bentonite
-- -- - - - - - + - - + + + - -- - - - - + + + + + + -
Cationic Starch
++ + + + + +
Cationic Flocculants
++ + + +++ +++ + + ++ + + + +++
Paper
Bentonite Interactions
Pitch, Ink
- - - -- -
Bentonite
-- -- - - - - - + - - + + + - -- - - - - + + + + + + -
Dissolved Solids
-- -- - ------
Contaminants, Stickies, Oils
Paper
Pitch Adsorption - Bentonite & Talc

Pitch Adsorbed (u moles)
300 250 200 150 100 50 0
Bentonite
Talc
250
200 100 25
Fatty Acid Triglyceride
Paper
Pitch Type
Ciba HYDROCOL Addition Points

Screens Headbox Fan Pump
Percol Polymer
Hydrocol Pigment (bentonite)
Paper
Ciba HYDROCOL Mechanism

Fibers, fines & filler
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
Cationic Polymer
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
High Shear
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
- -- -- - - - - - + - - + + + - -- - - - - + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + ++ + - - - -- -- - + + ++ + + + + + + + + - --- - - + + +++ + + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
- - - + -- + - --- - - + + + + + + + + --
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
Bentonite
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
Structured Floc
Paper
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
Particle Sizes in the Wet End

Length (microns) Hardwood Fiber Softwood Fiber Fiber Fine Filler Clay Pitch Particle Bentonite Polymer M olecule 1000-1800 3000-5000 10-70 2-5 ~0.7 0.3-0.5 ~40 uncoiled Width (microns) 10-35 25-40 10-40 0.2 ~0.7 ~0.001 ~0.001
Paper
Ciba HYDROCOL Control Strategy

Polymer addition
Control of white water solids Control drainage
Bentonite addition
Stabilize drainage Conductivity & dissolved solids driven
Paper
Ciba HYDROCOL Benefits

Increased production Increased retention Increased drainage Improved wet end stability Improved machine cleanliness Improved additive efficiency Handles dirty & variable wet end conditions
Paper

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The Ciba HYDROCOL System

Newsprint & Mechanical Specialties

The Ciba HYDROCOL System

U.S. Patent No. 4,753,710 - June 1988

Bentonite - A Closer Look

Swells in water - increases surface area to 700-800 m2/g

Contaminants, Stickies, Oils

Pitch Adsorption - Bentonite & Talc

Ciba HYDROCOL Addition Points

Hydrocol Pigment (bentonite)

Ciba HYDROCOL Mechanism

Particle Sizes in the Wet End

Ciba HYDROCOL Control Strategy

Ciba HYDROCOL Benefits

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