21/10/2024, 13:12 Python

Python - Lecture 24 & 25 : Tuples

Python Tuples
Tuples are ordered collection of data items. They store multiple items in a single variable. Tuple items are
separated by commas and enclosed within round brackets (). Tuples are unchangeable meaning we can not
alter them after creation.
Tuples are Immutable while Lists are mutable.

Example 1:

tuple1 = (1,2,2,3,5,4,6)

tuple2 = ("Red", "Green", "Blue")

print(tuple1)

print(tuple2)

Output:

(1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 4, 6)

('Red', 'Green', 'Blue')

Example 2:

details = ("Abhijeet", 18, "FYBScIT", 9.8)

print(details)

Output:

('Abhijeet', 18, 'FYBScIT', 9.8)

Tuple Indexes
Each item/element in a tuple has its own unique index. This index can be used to access any particular item
from the tuple. The first item has index [0], second item has index [1], third item has index [2] and so on.

Example:

country = ("Spain", "Italy", "India",)

# [0] [1] [2]

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Accessing tuple items:

I. Positive Indexing:

As we have seen that tuple items have index, as such we can access items using these indexes.

Example:

country = ("Spain", "Italy", "India",)

# [0] [1] [2]

print(country[0])

print(country[1])

print(country[2])

Output:

Spain

Italy

India

II. Negative Indexing:

Similar to positive indexing, negative indexing is also used to access items, but from the end of the tuple. The
last item has index [-1], second last item has index [-2], third last item has index [-3] and so on.

Example:

country = ("Spain", "Italy", "India", "England", "Germany")

# [0] [1] [2] [3] [4]

print(country[-1]) # Similar to print(country[len(country) - 1])

print(country[-3])

print(country[-4])

Output:

Germany

India

Italy

III. Check for item:

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We can check if a given item is present in the tuple. This is done using the in keyword.

Example 1:

country = ("Spain", "Italy", "India", "England", "Germany")

if "Germany" in country:

print("Germany is present.")

else:

print("Germany is absent.")

Output:

Germany is present.

Example 2:

country = ("Spain", "Italy", "India", "England", "Germany")

if "Russia" in country:

print("Russia is present.")

else:

print("Russia is absent.")

Output:

Russia is absent.

IV. Range of Index:

You can print a range of tuple items by specifying where do you want to start, where do you want to end and
if you want to skip elements in between the range.

Syntax:

Tuple[start : end : jumpIndex]

Note: jump Index is optional. We will see this in given examples.

Example: Printing elements within a particular range:

animals = ("cat", "dog", "bat", "mouse", "pig", "horse", "donkey", "goat", "cow")

print(animals[3:7]) #using positive indexes

print(animals[-7:-2]) #using negative indexes

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Output:

('mouse', 'pig', 'horse', 'donkey')

('bat', 'mouse', 'pig', 'horse', 'donkey')

Here, we provide index of the element from where we want to start and the index of the element till which we
want to print the values. Note: The element of the end index provided will not be included.

Example: Printing all element from a given index till the end

animals = ("cat", "dog", "bat", "mouse", "pig", "horse", "donkey", "goat", "cow")

print(animals[4:]) #using positive indexes

print(animals[-4:]) #using negative indexes

Output:

('pig', 'horse', 'donkey', 'goat', 'cow')

('horse', 'donkey', 'goat', 'cow')

When no end index is provided, the interpreter prints all the values till the end.

Example: printing all elements from start to a given index

animals = ("cat", "dog", "bat", "mouse", "pig", "horse", "donkey", "goat", "cow")

print(animals[:6]) #using positive indexes

print(animals[:-3]) #using negative indexes

Output:

('cat', 'dog', 'bat', 'mouse', 'pig', 'horse')

('cat', 'dog', 'bat', 'mouse', 'pig', 'horse')

When no start index is provided, the interpreter prints all the values from start up to the end index provided.

Example: Print alternate values

animals = ("cat", "dog", "bat", "mouse", "pig", "horse", "donkey", "goat", "cow")

print(animals[::2]) #using positive indexes

print(animals[-8:-1:2]) #using negative indexes

Output:

('cat', 'bat', 'pig', 'donkey', 'cow')

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('dog', 'mouse', 'horse', 'goat')

Here, we have not provided start and end index, which means all the values will be considered. But as we
have provided a jump index of 2 only alternate values will be printed.

Example: printing every 3rd consecutive withing given range

animals = ("cat", "dog", "bat", "mouse", "pig", "horse", "donkey", "goat", "cow")

print(animals[1:8:3])

Output:

('dog', 'pig', 'goat')

Here, jump index is 3. Hence it prints every 3rd element within given index.

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