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Solution: I) - Decision Variables

The document describes a linear programming problem to maximize the daily profit from producing different window frame types. The decision variables are the number of wood, aluminum, and vinyl frames produced daily. The objective is to maximize profit based on frame type. Constraints include the daily production capacity of different workers and materials. The linear programming model is then formulated to find the optimal solution that maximizes profit while satisfying all constraints. The document then solves the model using the simplex method and discusses how the optimal solution would change if certain parameters like material availability were increased.

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Kartina Sharif
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36 views21 pages

Solution: I) - Decision Variables

The document describes a linear programming problem to maximize the daily profit from producing different window frame types. The decision variables are the number of wood, aluminum, and vinyl frames produced daily. The objective is to maximize profit based on frame type. Constraints include the daily production capacity of different workers and materials. The linear programming model is then formulated to find the optimal solution that maximizes profit while satisfying all constraints. The document then solves the model using the simplex method and discusses how the optimal solution would change if certain parameters like material availability were increased.

Uploaded by

Kartina Sharif
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solution :

Question 1
i).

Decision Variables
x1 = Number of wood-frame make per day.
x2 = Number of aluminium-framed make per day.
x3 = Number of vinyl-framed make per day.

ii).

Objective Function.
Function to be maximized-daily profit
= 60 x1 + 40 x2 + 40 x3

iii).

Constraints:
Razak make wood frames (8 per day)
x1 8
Lee make aluminium frames (6 per day)
x2 6
Ranjit make vinyl-framed (7 per day)
x3 7
Helmi make wood frames and aluminium frames.
1/5 x1 + 1/10 x2 1
Alex makes glass (8 m2 per day)
0.8 x1 + x2 + x3 8
Produce windows (at least 5)
x1 + x2 + x3 5

iv).

LP Model :
Max Z = 60 x1 + 40 x2 + 40 x3
s.t.

x1

8
x2

6
x3

1/5 x1 + 1/10 x2

7
1

0.8 x1 +

x2

+ x3

x1 +

x2

+ x3

x1, x2 , x3 0

Question 2
Max z = 60 x1 + 40 x2 + 40 x3
s.t.

x1

8
x2

6
x3

1/5 x1 + 1/10 x2
0.8 x1 +

x2

x1 +

+ x3

x2

+ x3

x1, x2 , x3 0
Max z = 60 x1 + 40 x2 + 40 x3 Ma6
s.t.

x1

+ S1
x2

= 8
+ S2

x3

= 6

+ S3

= 7

1/5 x1 + 1/10 x2
0.8 x1 +
x1 +

+ S4

x2
x2

+ x3

= 1
+ S5

+ x3

= 8
e6 + a6 = 5

x1, x2, x3, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5,a6

BV
Z
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
a6

ROW
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Z
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

Initial Tableau

x1
-60
1
0
0
1/5
0.8
1

x2
-40
0
1
0
1/10
1
1

x3
-40
0
0
1
0
1
1

S1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

S2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

S3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

S4
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

S5
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

e6
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1

a6
M
0
0
0
0
0
1

RHS
8
6
7
1
8
5

RATIO

BV

ROW

x1

x2

x3

s1

s2

s3

s4

s5

e6

a6

RHS RATIO

(40)
-M-40
0

(40)
-M-40
0

(0)
0
1

(0)
0
0

(0)
0
0

(0)
0
0

(0)
0
0

(0)
M
0

(-M)
0
0

-5M
8

Z
s1

0
1

1
0

(60)
-M-60
1

(0)
s2

(0)
s3

(0)
s4

1/5

1/10

(0)
s5
(0)

0.8

10

a6

-1

(-M)

S1 = R1 R6
S4 = 5 R4 R6
S5 = 5/4 R5 R6

Tableau 1

Most
negative

BV

ROW

x1

x2

x3

s1

s2

s3

s4

s5

e6

a6

RHS

RATIO

(40)
20
-1

(40)
20
-1

(0)
0
1

(0)
0
0

(0)
0
0

(0)
0
0

(0)
0
0

(0)
-60
1

(-M)
60+M
0

300
3

z
s1

0
1

1
0

(60)
0
0

(0)
s2

(0)
s3

(0)
s4

-1/2

-1

(0)
s5
(0)

1/4

5/4

x1

-1

(60)

S1 = R1 R4
S5 = R5 R4
x1 = R6+ R4

Tableau 2

BV

ROW

x1

x2

x3

(40)
-10
-1/2

(40)
-40
0

s1

s2

s3

(0) (0)
0
0
1
0

(0)
0
0

s4

s5

e6

a6

RHS

RATIO

(0) (0)
300 0
-5
0

(0)
0
0

(-M)
M
0

300
3

z
s1

0
1

1
0

(60)
0
0

(0)
s2

(0)
s3

(0)
e6

-1/2

-1

-1

(0)
s5
(0)

3/4

5/4

-5

5/

x1

1/2

4
0

(60)

s3 = R3 R5
e6 = R4 + R5
x3 = 4/5 R5

Tableau 3
BV

ROW

x1

x2

x3

s1

s2

s3

s4

s5

e6

a6

RHS

(40)
-1/2

(40)
0

(0)
1

(0)
0

(0)
0

(0)
-5

(0)
0

(0)
0

(-M)
0

s1

(60)
0

(0)
s2

(0)
s3

-3/5

-1

(0)
e6

1/10

-1

(0)
x3
(40)

3/5

-4

x1

1/2

(60)
z

14

140

40

40+M

460

1st optimal solution :


z

= 460

x1

= 5

x2

= 0

x3

= 4

Question 3 :
C1 change to 60+

RATIO

CBV will be changed to


B-1 =

-5

-1

-1

-4

40

60+

-5

Cj = CBV B-1
0
0
0
= 0

40

60+

-1
-1

1
0

-4

1
0

= 0

-160+300+5

40

c 2 = CBV B-1a2-c2
0
1
= 0

140+5

40

- 40

1/10
1
1
= 14 + 1/2 + 40- 40
= 14+1/2
C S4= CBV B-1a S4-c S4
0
0
=

140+5

40

-0

1
0
0
= 140 + 5

C S5 = CBV B-1a S5-cS5


0
0
=

140+5

40
0
1
0

= 40

-0

Ca6 = CBV B-1a a6-ca6


0
0
= 0

140+5

40

0
0
0
1

= -M
c1 = 20 (or = - 40)
c 2 = 14 + (-40) = -6
c s 4 = 140 + 5(-40)= -60
c s 5 = 40
c a 6 = -M
RHS of row 0 = CBV B-1b
8
6
=

-60

40

7
1
8
5

= -60 +320+0
=260

- (-M)

BV

Row

x1

x2

x3 s1 s2 s3

s4

s5

e6 a6 RHS Ratio

-6

-60

40

260

s1

-1/2

-5

s2

s3

-3/5

-1

3/4

e6

1/10

-1

x3

3/5

-4

x1

1/2

s4= R
e6= R4-R3
s1= 5R3-R1
x3= R5+4R3
x1= R6-5R3
BV

Row

x1

x2

x3 s1 s2

s3

s4

s5

e6 a6 RHS Ratio

3/5

-35

40

35

355

s1

-5/4

-5/4

-5/4

27/4

27/5

s2

s4

-3/20

-1/4

-1/4

3/4

e6

5/4

5/4

-1

13/4

x3

x1

5/4

5/4

5/4

5/4

1/4

s3= 4R3
s1= R1-5/4R3
e6= R4+1/4 R3
x3= R5+ R3
x1= 5/4 R3+R6

BV

Row

x1

x2

x3 s1 s2 s3

s4

s5

e6 a6 RHS Ratio

14

140

40

460

s1

-1/2

-5

s2

s3

-3/5

-1

e6

1/10

-1

x3

3/5

-4

x1

1/2

z = 460
x1=5
x2= 0
x3= 4

Question 4 :
Alex can form 8m2 per day.
Suppose we change b5 from 8 to 8 +

The RHS becomes


B-1b =

-5

-1

-1

-4

8+

85

7+48+

3-

1+8+-5

4+

-4+8+

4+

Current basis win remain optimal iff


3-0

4+0

-4

4+0

-4

-4

Therefore, current basis remain optimal for -4 3 or 4 b5 11

b5 = 15
so, current basis is no longer optimal
S1

-5

S2

-1

e6

-1

x3

-4

15

x1

= B-1b

S3

3
6
-4
=

11
11
5

Since S3 = - 4, BV is no longer feasible


The right-hand side of row 0 is now
CBV B-1b
= 0

40

60

= 0

140

40

-5

-1

1 -1

8
6
7

0 -4

15

1
15
5
= 740
Initial Tableau
BV ROW
Z
0
S1
1
S2
2
S3
3
e6
4
x3
5
x1
6

Z
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

Ratio =

x1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

x2
14
-1/2
1
-3/5
1/10
3/5
1/2

x3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

S1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

14/ (-3/5)

S2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

S3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

S4
140
-5
0
4
1
-4
5

S5
40
0
0
-1
1
1
0

e6
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

a6
40 + M
0
0
0
-1
0
0

RHS
740
3
6
-4
11
11
5

RATIO

Ratio = 40/(-1)

= 23.33

= 40

Smallest
ratio

Tableau 1
BV ROW
Z
0
S1
1
S2
2
x2
3
e6
4
x3
5
x1
6

Z
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

x1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

x2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

x3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

S1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

S2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

S3
S4
S5
70/3 700/3 50/3
-5/6 -25/3 5/6
5/3 20/3 -5/3
-5/3 -20/3 5/3
1/6
5/3
5/6
1
0
0
5/6 25/3 -5/6

e6
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

a6
40 + M
0
0
0
-1
0
0

RHS
1940/3
19/3
-2/3
20/3
31/3
7
5/3

RATIO

Ratio =

(50/3) / (-5/3)

= 10
R0 = R0 14 R3
R1 = R1 + R3
R2 = R2 R3
R3 = R3/ (-3/5)
R4 = -1/10 R3
R5 = (-3/5) R3
R6 = - R3

Tableau 2
BV ROW
Z
0
s1
1
S5
2
x2
3
e6
4
x3
5
x1
6

Z
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

x1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

R0 = 50/3 R2

x2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

x3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

S1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

S2
10
1/2
-3/5
1
1/2
0
-1/2

S3
40
0
-1
0
1
1
5/6

S4
300
-5
-4
0
5
0
25/3

S5
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

e6
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

a6
40 + M
0
0
0
-1
0
0

RHS
640
6
2/5
6
10
7
2

RATIO

R1 = R1 5/6 R2
R2 = R2 / (-5/3) R3
R3 = R3 5/3 R2
R4 = R4 5/6 R2
R6 = R6 + 5/6 R2

Question 5
Max z = 60 x1 + 30 x2 + 40 x3
s.t

x1

8
x2

6
x3

1/5 x1 + 1/10 x2

0.8x1 + x2 + x3

x1 + x2 + x3

5
x1, x2, x3 0

Max z
Min w

(x1 0)

(x2 0)

(x3 0)

(y1 0)

y1

(y2 0)

y2

(y3 0)

y3

(y4 0)

y4

1/5

1/10

(y5 0)

y5

0.8

(y6 0)

y6

1
60

1
40

1
40

Min w = 5 y1 + y2 + 8 y3 + 8 y4 + 6 y5 + 7 y6
y1 +

1/5 y4 + 0.8 y5 +
y2 +

1/10 y4 +
y3+

y6

60

y5 +

y6

40

y5 +

y6

40

y1 0, y2, y3, y4, y5, y6 0

Question 6 :
Define dual variable
y1 = Price paid for each wood-framed
y 2 = Price paid for each aluminium-framed
y 3 = Price paid for each vinyl-framed
y 4 = Price paid for devote to make wood-framed and aluminium-framed
y 5 = Price paid for the uses of glass

y 6 = Price paid for customer demand

Question 7
Max z = 60x1+30x2+40x3
s.t

x1

8
x2

6
x3

1/5 x1 + 1/10 x2

7
1

0.8 x1 +

x2 + x3

x1 +

x2 + x3
x1, x2, x3

8
5
0

Max z
Min w

(x1 0)

(x2 0)

(x3 0)

(y1 0)

y1

(y2 0)

y2

(y3 0)

y3

(y4 0)

y4

1/5

1/10

(y5 0)

y5

0.8

(y6 0)

y6

1
60

1
40

1
40

Optimal Tableau
BV
z

Row
0

z
1

x1
0

x2
14

x3
0

s1
0

s2
0

s3
0

s4
140

s5
40

e6
0

a6
40+M

RHS
460

s1

-1/2

-5

s2

s3

-3/5

-1

e6

1/10

-1

x3

3/5

-4

x1

1/2

XBV =

s1
s2
s3
e6
x3
x1

s1 = 3
s2 = 6
s3 = 3
e6 = 4
x3 = 4
x1 =5

z = 460

And the optimal solution is


y1 = 0
y2 = 0
y3 = 0
y4 =140
y5 = 40
y6 = 0
w =460

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