Chart 1

The bar chart compares the percentage of households with internet access in five countries—
Canada, the UK, Germany, France, and Mexico—in the years 2010 and 2020.

Overall, internet access increased in all five countries during this period. Canada consistently had
the highest percentage of connected households, while Mexico had the lowest, despite noticeable
improvements in both.

In 2010, approximately 70% of Canadian homes were connected to the internet. This figure rose
significantly to around 95% in 2020. Both the UK and Germany also experienced steady
increases. Internet access in the UK climbed from 65% to 90%, while Germany's numbers grew
from just under 60% to over 85% by the end of the period.

France saw moderate growth, rising from 55% to roughly 80%. In contrast, Mexico started with
the lowest rate—only 30% in 2010—but this number doubled to reach nearly 60% in 2020,
representing the most dramatic relative growth among the five.
📊 Example 2: Line Graph

Topic: A line graph showing the number of tourists visiting three countries between 2000 and
2020.

Introduction:
The line graph illustrates the number of tourists who visited France, Italy, and Spain from 2000
to 2020.

Overview:
Overall, it is clear that all three countries experienced an increase in tourism over the period.
France remained the most visited destination, while Spain saw the most significant growth.

Detail Paragraph 1:
In 2000, France had approximately 60 million visitors, compared to 40 million for Spain and just
under 30 million for Italy. Over the next ten years, the number of tourists visiting France rose
steadily to around 75 million.

Detail Paragraph 2:
By contrast, Spain saw a dramatic increase, climbing sharply from 40 million in 2000 to 80
million in 2020. Italy also experienced growth, but more gradually, reaching 50 million by the
end of the period

Men and Women

Overall, housework was the most common activity for unemployed women, particularly in the
morning, while job hunting was the top activity among men. Women were more likely to engage
in domestic tasks, whereas men spent more time on job searching and gardening.

In the morning, nearly half of unemployed women (49%) did housework, compared to only 19%
of men. Similarly, 26% of women went shopping in the morning, against 20% of men. In
contrast, job hunting was most frequent among men at 22%, while only 16% of women did the
same. Gardening was another notable difference, with 14% of men involved compared to just 2%
of women.

In the afternoon, men were more likely to watch TV (14%) and sit around doing nothing (9%),
while women preferred visiting friends (17%) or doing housework (21%). Drinking and playing
sport remained relatively low among both genders.
illiteracy
The bar chart illustrates the estimated illiteracy rates in six global regions for the most recent
year, divided by gender.

Overall, illiteracy was significantly more prevalent among women than men in all regions, with
the largest gender disparities observed in Arab States, Sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia.
Developed countries had the lowest illiteracy rates for both sexes.

In developed countries, illiteracy affected only a small percentage of the population, with rates
for both males and females under 5%. Latin America and East Asia also recorded relatively low
rates, though females in these regions still had higher illiteracy levels than males.

In contrast, South Asia had the highest overall illiteracy, with nearly 55% of females unable to
read or write, compared to around 35% of males. Similar trends were seen in the Arab States and
Sub-Saharan Africa, where female illiteracy reached over 50%, while male rates were
significantly lower, around 30%.

This data highlights a consistent gender gap in literacy, particularly in less developed regions.

Marital status
The two pie charts compare the marital status of the populations in Canada and Australia,
showing the distribution of individuals across various categories.

Overall, the most common status in both countries is being married, with a higher
proportion in Australia (46%) than in Canada (29%). In contrast, the percentage of people
who have never married or are in same-sex marriages is higher in Canada than in
Australia.

In Canada, married individuals make up 29%, while those who are separated but not
divorced account for 53%, the largest segment. Never-married individuals represent 7%,
widowed people make up another 7%, and divorced individuals account for 3%.
Additionally, 1% of the population is in same-sex marriages.

In Australia, 46% are married, and 41% are separated but not divorced, showing a more
balanced distribution between the two categories. The single population accounts for 6%,
widowed individuals make up 5%, and divorced people comprise 2%. Unlike Canada, there
is no separate category for same-sex marriage shown.

In summary, while both countries have similar marital categories, Canada has a significantly
larger proportion of people separated but not divorced, whereas Australia has a higher
percentage of married individuals. Canada also presents more detailed distinctions, such as
including same-sex marriage and differentiating between “never married” and other single
categories.
Crime rate
The line graph illustrates the relationship between age and the number of crimes committed in
the UK over the last year, while the pie chart presents the breakdown of different types of crime.

According to the line graph, crime rates are significantly higher among younger individuals,
peaking at the age of 20. At this age, nearly 80,000 crimes were committed. There is a sharp
increase in crime from age 12 to 20, followed by a steep decline from 20 to 28. After the age of
28, crime rates continue to decrease gradually, stabilizing at a much lower level from age 40
onwards.

The pie chart reveals that violent crime constitutes the largest proportion of crimes, accounting
for 46%. Property crime follows at 23%, while drug crime represents 22% of all offenses. Public
order crime is the least common, making up only 9% of the total.

In summary, the data shows that young adults, particularly around age 20, are the most likely to
commit crimes. Violent crimes dominate the overall crime landscape in the UK.

Diagram
The diagram illustrates the process of recycling used glass bottles and transforming them
into new ones through a six-stage cycle.

The process begins when used glass bottles are discarded into a recycling bin by consumers.
These collected bottles are then transported to a treatment plant, where the second stage takes
place. At this facility, the bottles are sorted by color (such as green, brown, or clear) before
moving on to the third stage, where they are thoroughly washed and sterilised to remove any
impurities.

In the fourth stage, the clean bottles are transferred to a crushing and melting machine. Here,
they are first crushed into small pieces and then melted down into liquid glass. This molten glass
is poured into a moulding machine in stage five, where it is reshaped into new glass bottles.

Finally, the newly formed bottles are delivered to supermarkets and other distribution outlets,
completing the recycling loop.

Overall, the diagram shows a continuous and sustainable process in which old glass bottles
are collected, cleaned, and remanufactured into new ones, thereby reducing waste and
conserving resources.
Diagram
The diagram illustrates the process involved in generating nuclear power using uranium,
detailing six stages from mining to waste disposal or reuse.

The process begins with uranium being extracted from the earth (Step 1). Once mined, the
uranium ore is processed and enriched to form U-235 fuel pellets (Step 2), which serve as the
active material for energy production. These fuel pellets are then used to power nuclear
generators (Step 3), where they produce electricity.

After approximately four years of use (Step 4), the uranium fuel becomes spent and must be
removed from the reactor. At this point, the process diverges depending on whether the spent
fuel can be re-used. In Step 5, some of the spent fuel undergoes reprocessing and can be recycled
for future use in power generation.

However, not all spent fuel is suitable for re-use. In such cases (Step 6), the unusable material is
placed in secure containers and buried underground to prevent environmental contamination.

Overall, the diagram outlines a cyclical and partially sustainable process, where uranium is
used, recycled when possible, and safely disposed of when it can no longer be reused.

Diagram
The diagram compares the water cycle in forested areas with that in urban environments,
focusing on key differences in infiltration, baseflow, and erosion.

On the left side, in the forested landscape, rainfall is absorbed efficiently into the ground due to
the presence of trees and vegetation. A significant portion of water infiltrates the soil,
replenishing the water table. This also supports a strong baseflow, where groundwater gradually
moves toward rivers or streams. The forest canopy and root systems help reduce surface runoff
and minimize erosion.

In contrast, the right side shows an urban area with buildings and paved surfaces. Here,
infiltration is significantly reduced because rainwater cannot easily penetrate concrete and
asphalt. As a result, less water reaches the water table, and baseflow is diminished. Moreover,
surface runoff increases, which can lead to greater erosion and the risk of flooding.

Overall, the diagram illustrates how urban development disrupts the natural water cycle,
reducing infiltration and baseflow while increasing surface runoff and erosion compared to
forested regions.
2 lines
The two line graphs illustrate the value of imports to New Zealand from Australia and
Japan between 1994 and 2004, measured in NZ$ million.

Overall, imports from Australia showed an overall upward trend, while imports from Japan
experienced a general decline over the same period. Australia consistently supplied more goods
to New Zealand than Japan throughout the decade.

In 1994, New Zealand imported goods worth approximately NZ$4,000 million from Australia,
which increased steadily to around NZ$6,500 million by 1996. This figure fluctuated over the
following years, dipping to a low of NZ$3,000 million in 1999 before rising again to peak at
NZ$8,000 million by 2004.

In contrast, imports from Japan started lower, at around NZ$3,000 million in 1994, rising to over
NZ$6,000 million in 1997. After this peak, the trend was downward, with a brief recovery
around 2000. From then onward, imports from Japan declined sharply, reaching only NZ$2,000
million by 2004.

In summary, while New Zealand’s imports from Australia generally increased, imports
from Japan fell significantly after an initial rise.