ASSIGNMENT-JAVA BALA ADTYA J

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CLASS
1. Define a Java class named BankAccount that represents a simple bank account.
The class should have
instance variables for account number, account holder's name, and account
balance. Include methods to
deposit and withdraw funds, and a method to display the account details.

public class BankAccount {

// Instance variables
private int accountNumber;
private String accountHolderName;
private double accountBalance;

// Constructor
public BankAccount(int accountNumber, String accountHolderName, double
initialBalance) {
this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
this.accountHolderName = accountHolderName;
this.accountBalance = initialBalance;
}

// Method to deposit funds

public void deposit(double amount) {
if (amount > 0) {
accountBalance += amount;
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System.out.println(amount + " deposited. New balance: " +
accountBalance);
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid amount for deposit.");
}
}

// Method to withdraw funds

public void withdraw(double amount) {
if (amount > 0 && amount <= accountBalance) {
accountBalance -= amount;
System.out.println(amount + " withdrawn. New balance: " +
accountBalance);
} else {
System.out.println("Insufficient funds or invalid amount for withdrawal.");
}
}

// Method to display account details

public void displayAccountDetails() {
System.out.println("Account Number: " + accountNumber);
System.out.println("Account Holder: " + accountHolderName);
System.out.println("Account Balance: " + accountBalance);
}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an instance of BankAccount
BankAccount account = new BankAccount(123456, "John Doe", 1000.0);

// Depositing and withdrawing funds

account.deposit(500.0);
account.withdraw(200.0);

// Displaying account details

account.displayAccountDetails();
}
}
Output:
500.0 deposited. New balance: 1500.0
200.0 withdrawn. New balance: 1300.0
Account Number: 123456
Account Holder: John Doe
Account Balance: 1300.0

2. Create a Java class called Student to represent a student's information. Include

attributes such as name,
age, grade, and a constructor to initialize these values. Implement a method that
calculates and returns
the student's grade based on a predefined grading scale.
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public class Student {

// Instance variables
private String name;
private int age;
private double grade;

// Constructor
public Student(String name, int age, double grade) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.grade = grade;
}

// Method to calculate and return the student's grade

public String calculateGrade() {
if (grade >= 90) {
return "A";
} else if (grade >= 80) {
return "B";
} else if (grade >= 70) {
return "C";
} else if (grade >= 60) {
return "D";
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} else {
return "F";
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating an instance of Student
Student student = new Student("Alice", 18, 85.5);

// Calculating and displaying the student's grade

String studentGrade = student.calculateGrade();
System.out.println(student.getName() + "'s grade: " + studentGrade);
}

// Getter for name

public String getName() {
return name;
}
}

Output:
Name: Alice
Age: 18
Grade: 87.5
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Calculated Grade: B

3. Define a Java class named Rectangle that models a rectangle shape. Include
attributes for width and
height, and provide methods to calculate the area and perimeter of the rectangle.
Create multiple
instances of the class and demonstrate the usage of these methods.

public class Rectangle {

// Instance variables
private double width;
private double height;

// Constructor
public Rectangle(double width, double height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}

// Method to calculate the area of the rectangle

public double calculateArea() {
return width * height;
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}

// Method to calculate the perimeter of the rectangle

public double calculatePerimeter() {
return 2 * (width + height);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating instances of Rectangle
Rectangle rectangle1 = new Rectangle(5.0, 10.0);
Rectangle rectangle2 = new Rectangle(3.0, 7.0);

// Calculating and displaying area and perimeter for rectangle1

System.out.println("Rectangle 1:");
System.out.println("Area: " + rectangle1.calculateArea());
System.out.println("Perimeter: " + rectangle1.calculatePerimeter());
System.out.println();

// Calculating and displaying area and perimeter for rectangle2

System.out.println("Rectangle 2:");
System.out.println("Area: " + rectangle2.calculateArea());
System.out.println("Perimeter: " + rectangle2.calculatePerimeter());
}
}
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Output:
Rectangle 1:
Area: 50.0
Perimeter: 30.0

Rectangle 2:
Area: 21.0
Perimeter: 20.0

4. Implement a Java class called Book to represent a book's details, including title,
author, year of
publication, and ISBN number. Create methods to display these details and
compare two books based
on their publication years.

public class Book {

// Instance variables
private String title;
private String author;
private int yearOfPublication;
private String isbn;

// Constructor
public Book(String title, String author, int yearOfPublication, String isbn) {
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this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.yearOfPublication = yearOfPublication;
this.isbn = isbn;
}

// Method to display book details

public void displayDetails() {
System.out.println("Title: " + title);
System.out.println("Author: " + author);
System.out.println("Year of Publication: " + yearOfPublication);
System.out.println("ISBN: " + isbn);
}

// Method to compare two books based on publication years

public int compareByPublicationYear(Book otherBook) {
return Integer.compare(this.yearOfPublication, otherBook.yearOfPublication);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating instances of Book
Book book1 = new Book("To Kill a Mockingbird", "Harper Lee", 1960, "978-0-
06-112008-4");
Book book2 = new Book("1984", "George Orwell", 1949, "978-0-452-28423-
4");
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// Displaying details for each book

System.out.println("Book 1:");
book1.displayDetails();
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Book 2:");
book2.displayDetails();
System.out.println();

// Comparing books based on publication years

int comparison = book1.compareByPublicationYear(book2);
if (comparison > 0) {
System.out.println("Book 1 was published after Book 2.");
} else if (comparison < 0) {
System.out.println("Book 1 was published before Book 2.");
} else {
System.out.println("Both books were published in the same year.");
}
}
}

Output:
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Book 1:
Title: To Kill a Mockingbird
Author: Harper Lee
Year of Publication: 1960
ISBN: 978-0-06-112008-4

Book 2:
Title: 1984
Author: George Orwell
Year of Publication: 1949
ISBN: 978-0-452-28423-4

Book 1 was published after Book 2.

5. Create a base class named Vehicle with attributes like make, model, and year.
Derive a subclass Car
from Vehicle with additional attributes specific to cars, such as the number of
doors and fuel efficiency.
Include methods to display the car's details and calculate fuel consumption.
// Base class: Vehicle
class Vehicle {
// Instance variables
protected String make;
protected String model;
protected int year;
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// Constructor
public Vehicle(String make, String model, int year) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
}

// Method to display vehicle details

public void displayDetails() {
System.out.println("Make: " + make);
System.out.println("Model: " + model);
System.out.println("Year: " + year);
}
}

// Subclass: Car (inherits from Vehicle)

class Car extends Vehicle {
// Additional attributes for cars
private int numDoors;
private double fuelEfficiency; // miles per gallon

// Constructor
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public Car(String make, String model, int year, int numDoors, double
fuelEfficiency) {
super(make, model, year); // Calling base class constructor
this.numDoors = numDoors;
this.fuelEfficiency = fuelEfficiency;
}

// Method to display car details

public void displayCarDetails() {
super.displayDetails(); // Calling base class method
System.out.println("Number of Doors: " + numDoors);
System.out.println("Fuel Efficiency: " + fuelEfficiency + " miles per gallon");
}

// Method to calculate fuel consumption

public double calculateFuelConsumption(double distance) {
return distance / fuelEfficiency;
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an instance of Car
Car car = new Car("Toyota", "Camry", 2022, 4, 30.5);
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// Displaying car details

System.out.println("Car Details:");
car.displayCarDetails();
System.out.println();

// Calculating fuel consumption for a distance of 200 miles

double distance = 200.0;
double fuelConsumption = car.calculateFuelConsumption(distance);
System.out.println("Fuel Consumption for " + distance + " miles: " +
fuelConsumption + " gallons");
}
}

Output:

Car Details:
Make: Toyota
Model: Camry
Year: 2022
Number of Doors: 4
Fuel Efficiency: 30.5 miles per gallon

Fuel Consumption for 200.0 miles: 6.557377049180328 gallons

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Object creation
1. Write a Java program to define a Person class with attributes for name, age, and
occupation. Create
objects for different people and display their information.

public class Person {

// Instance variables
private String name;
private int age;
private String occupation;

// Constructor
public Person(String name, int age, String occupation) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.occupation = occupation;
}

// Method to display person's information

public void displayInfo() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
System.out.println("Occupation: " + occupation);
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System.out.println();
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating objects for different people
Person person1 = new Person("John Doe", 30, "Engineer");
Person person2 = new Person("Jane Smith", 25, "Teacher");
Person person3 = new Person("Michael Johnson", 40, "Doctor");

// Displaying information for each person

System.out.println("Person 1:");
person1.displayInfo();

System.out.println("Person 2:");
person2.displayInfo();

System.out.println("Person 3:");
person3.displayInfo();
}
}

Output:
Person 1:
Name: John Doe
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Age: 30
Occupation: Engineer

Person 2:
Name: Alice Smith
Age: 25
Occupation: Teacher

Person 3:
Name: Michael Johnson
Age: 45
Occupation: Doctor

3. Create a Java program for a library catalog. Define a Book class with attributes
for title, author, and
genre. Create objects for various books and display their details.

public class Book {

// Instance variables
private String title;
private String author;
private String genre;

// Constructor
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public Book(String title, String author, String genre) {
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.genre = genre;
}

// Method to display book details

public void displayDetails() {
System.out.println("Title: " + title);
System.out.println("Author: " + author);
System.out.println("Genre: " + genre);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating objects for various books
Book book1 = new Book("To Kill a Mockingbird", "Harper Lee", "Fiction");
Book book2 = new Book("1984", "George Orwell", "Dystopian");
Book book3 = new Book("Pride and Prejudice", "Jane Austen", "Romance");

// Displaying details for each book

System.out.println("Book 1:");
book1.displayDetails();
System.out.println();
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System.out.println("Book 2:");
book2.displayDetails();
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Book 3:");
book3.displayDetails();
}
}

Output:
Book 1:
Title: To Kill a Mockingbird
Author: Harper Lee
Genre: Fiction

Book 2:
Title: 1984
Author: George Orwell
Genre: Dystopian

Book 3:
Title: Pride and Prejudice
Author: Jane Austen
Genre: Romance
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4. Implement a Java program to represent basic shapes. Define a Shape class with
attributes for type (e.g.,
circle, triangle) and properties related to that shape (e.g., radius, side lengths).
Create objects for
different shapes and calculate/display relevant properties.

public class Shape {

// Instance variables
private String type;
private double[] properties;

// Constructor
public Shape(String type, double... properties) {
this.type = type;
this.properties = properties;
}

// Method to calculate area for different shapes

public double calculateArea() {
if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("circle")) {
return Math.PI * properties[0] * properties[0]; // properties[0] is radius
} else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("triangle")) {
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double s = (properties[0] + properties[1] + properties[2]) / 2; //
semiperimeter
return Math.sqrt(s * (s - properties[0]) * (s - properties[1]) * (s -
properties[2]));
} else {
return -1; // Invalid shape
}
}

// Method to display shape details

public void displayDetails() {
System.out.println("Shape type: " + type);
for (int i = 0; i < properties.length; i++) {
System.out.println("Property " + (i + 1) + ": " + properties[i]);
}
System.out.println("Area: " + calculateArea());
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating objects for different shapes
Shape circle = new Shape("circle", 5.0); // Radius = 5.0
Shape triangle = new Shape("triangle", 3.0, 4.0, 5.0); // Side lengths = 3.0, 4.0,
5.0

// Displaying details for each shape

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System.out.println("Circle:");
circle.displayDetails();
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Triangle:");
triangle.displayDetails();
}
}

Output:
Circle:
Shape type: circle
Property 1: 5.0
Area: 78.53981633974483

Triangle:
Shape type: triangle
Property 1: 3.0
Property 2: 4.0
Property 3: 5.0
Area: 6.0
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5. Write a Java program to manage employee records. Define an Employee class
with attributes for name,
role, and salary. Create objects for employees and implement methods to update
salary and display their
information.

public class Employee {

// Instance variables
private String name;
private String role;
private double salary;

// Constructor
public Employee(String name, String role, double salary) {
this.name = name;
this.role = role;
this.salary = salary;
}

// Method to update the salary

public void updateSalary(double newSalary) {
salary = newSalary;
}
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// Method to display employee information
public void displayInfo() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Role: " + role);
System.out.println("Salary: " + salary);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating employee objects
Employee employee1 = new Employee("John Doe", "Manager",
50000.0);
Employee employee2 = new Employee("Alice Smith", "Developer",
60000.0);

// Displaying information for each employee

System.out.println("Employee 1:");
employee1.displayInfo();
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Employee 2:");
employee2.displayInfo();
System.out.println();
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// Updating salary for employee 1

employee1.updateSalary(55000.0);

// Displaying updated information for employee 1

System.out.println("Updated Employee 1:");
employee1.displayInfo();
}
}

Output:
Employee 1:
Name: John Doe
Role: Manager
Salary: 50000.0

Employee 2:
Name: Alice Smith
Role: Developer
Salary: 60000.0

Updated Employee 1:
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Name: John Doe
Role: Manager
Salary: 55000.0

Default Constructor:
1. Create a Java program to define a class BankAccount with instance variables for
account number and
balance. Implement a default constructor that initializes the account number to a
default value and
balance to 0. Display the account details after initialization.

public class BankAccount {

// Instance variables
private int accountNumber;
private double balance;

// Default constructor
public BankAccount() {
accountNumber = 123456; // Default account number
balance = 0.0; // Default balance
}
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// Method to display account details
public void displayAccountDetails() {
System.out.println("Account Number: " + accountNumber);
System.out.println("Balance: " + balance);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating an instance of BankAccount using the default constructor
BankAccount account = new BankAccount();

// Displaying account details after initialization

account.displayAccountDetails();
}
}
OUTPUT:
Account Number: 123456
Balance: 0.0

2. Write a Java program that defines a class Student with instance variables for
name, age, and student ID.
Use a default constructor to initialize the student's information with default
values. Print the student's
details after initialization.
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public class Student {
// Instance variables
private String name;
private int age;
private int studentID;

// Default constructor
public Student() {
name = "John Doe"; // Default name
age = 18; // Default age
studentID = 123456; // Default student ID
}

// Method to display student details

public void displayStudentDetails() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
System.out.println("Student ID: " + studentID);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating an instance of Student using the default constructor
Student student = new Student();
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// Displaying student details after initialization
student.displayStudentDetails();
}
}

Output: Name: John Doe

Age: 18
Student ID: 123456

3. Design a Java class Calculator with variables for two numbers and a result.
Create a default constructor
that sets the numbers to default values and initializes the result. Implement
methods for addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division. Display the calculated results.

public class Calculator {

// Instance variables
private double num1;
private double num2;
private double result;

// Default constructor
public Calculator() {
num1 = 0.0; // Default value
num2 = 0.0; // Default value
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result = 0.0; // Initialized result
}

// Method for addition

public void add() {
result = num1 + num2;
}

// Method for subtraction

public void subtract() {
result = num1 - num2;
}

// Method for multiplication

public void multiply() {
result = num1 * num2;
}

// Method for division

public void divide() {
if (num2 != 0) {
result = num1 / num2;
} else {
System.out.println("Cannot divide by zero.");
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}
}

// Method to display the result

public void displayResult() {
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating an instance of Calculator
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();

// Performing calculations and displaying results

calculator.add();
System.out.print("Addition: ");
calculator.displayResult();

calculator.subtract();
System.out.print("Subtraction: ");
calculator.displayResult();

calculator.num1 = 10;
calculator.num2 = 5;
calculator.multiply();
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System.out.print("Multiplication: ");
calculator.displayResult();

calculator.divide();
System.out.print("Division: ");
calculator.displayResult();
}
}

Output:
Addition: Result: 0.0
Subtraction: Result: 0.0
Multiplication: Result: 50.0
Division: Result: 2.0

4. Develop a Java class Person with attributes for name, age, and gender. Include a
default constructor that
sets default valuesfor these attributes. Create instances of the class and print out
the details of the person
objects.
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public class Person {
// Instance variables
private String name;
private int age;
private String gender;

// Default constructor
public Person() {
name = "Unknown"; // Default name
age = 0; // Default age
gender = "Unknown"; // Default gender
}

// Method to display person details

public void displayDetails() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
System.out.println("Gender: " + gender);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating instances of Person using the default constructor
Person person1 = new Person();
Person person2 = new Person();
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// Displaying person details for each instance

System.out.println("Person 1:");
person1.displayDetails();
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Person 2:");
person2.displayDetails();
}
}

Output:
Person 1:
Name: Unknown
Age: 0
Gender: Unknown

Person 2:
Name: Unknown
Age: 0
Gender: Unknown
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5. Build a Java class Vehicle with instance variables for make, model, and year.
Define a default
constructor that initializes the vehicle details to default values. Create objects of
the class and display
the vehicle information.

public class Vehicle {

// Instance variables
private String make;
private String model;
private int year;

// Default constructor
public Vehicle() {
make = "Unknown"; // Default make
model = "Unknown"; // Default model
year = 0; // Default year
}

// Method to display vehicle information

public void displayInfo() {
System.out.println("Make: " + make);
System.out.println("Model: " + model);
System.out.println("Year: " + year);
}
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public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating instances of Vehicle using the default constructor
Vehicle vehicle1 = new Vehicle();
Vehicle vehicle2 = new Vehicle();

// Displaying vehicle information for each instance

System.out.println("Vehicle 1:");
vehicle1.displayInfo();
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Vehicle 2:");
vehicle2.displayInfo();
}
}

Output:
Vehicle 1:
Make: Unknown
Model: Unknown
Year: 0

Vehicle 2:
Make: Unknown
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Model: Unknown
Year: 0