Professional Speech for IoT-

Enabled Smart Parking System

Presentation

Introduction

Distinguished members of the jury—Mr. Ali Mansouri, Mr. Ahmed Khlifi, and my
esteemed supervisor, Mr. Wajdi Bellil—faculty members, and colleagues present
today. It is my honor to present my final year project entitled "IoT-Enabled Smart
Parking System with RFID Integration.”
Look around any major city today, and you'll see a common problem—drivers
circling blocks again and again, looking for parking spaces. As our cities grow,
more people use cars, but parking spaces don't increase at the same rate. This
creates a daily challenge that affects millions of people. My project tackles this
everyday problem using Internet of Things technology to make parking smarter,
easier, and more efficient.

Problem Statement

Let me explain why this problem needs solving. First, as cities grow, more people
drive cars. This has created a serious shortage of parking spaces in most urban
areas.
The impact of this shortage is very real. Drivers now waste 15-20 minutes on
average looking for parking during busy hours. This isn't just annoying—it costs
money in wasted fuel, adds to air pollution, and makes traffic jams worse. Studies
show that up to 30% of downtown traffic is just cars driving around looking for
parking spots.

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 This situation also causes stress. When you're late for a meeting and can't find
parking, your stress levels rise. This leads to aggressive driving and increases
accident risks.
Current parking solutions don't solve these problems well enough. Manual parking
systems are slow and inefficient. Existing automated systems are too expensive
and complicated to install widely. Most importantly, traditional parking systems
aren't connected—they can't tell drivers where spaces are available or allow
checking from your phone before leaving home.

Proposed Solution

My solution is a complete IoT-based smart parking system with four main features:
First, real-time monitoring—I've placed IR sensors at each parking spot that can
tell if a space is empty or occupied. These sensors work continuously and update
the system immediately when a car parks or leaves.
Second, secure access control—The system uses RFID technology, like the cards
used for building access. Each authorized user gets an RFID tag that they can
scan to enter the parking area. This ensures only permitted vehicles can enter
while keeping track of exactly how many cars are inside.

Third, a user-friendly mobile interface—I've created a Blynk app that shows

available spaces in real time. Before leaving home or work, drivers can check their
phones to see if spaces are available, saving unnecessary trips to full parking
areas.

Fourth, automated barriers—The entry and exit points have barriers controlled by
servo motors. These barriers work automatically—opening only when spaces are
available and the driver has valid RFID authentication, then closing after the car
passes.
All these components work together seamlessly. When a car leaves a spot, the
sensor detects this, updates the count of available spaces, and this information
appears on the mobile app immediately.

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 Requirements Specification

Let me explain who uses this system and what they can do with it.

There are two main types of users:

Drivers use the system to:

Check if parking spaces are available before starting their journey
Enter the parking area by scanning their RFID card when spaces are free
Exit through automated barriers when they're finished
Receive notifications about parking availability
Administrators manage the system by:
Monitoring the real-time dashboard showing occupancy across all parking areas
Setting up system rules like operating hours and access permissions
Managing user accounts—adding new RFID cards or removing old ones
Generating reports to see patterns in how the parking facility is used
Beyond these functions, our system also focuses on important non-functional
requirements:
Security: Only authorized users can enter, and all access is logged
Performance: The system responds immediately to vehicles entering or leaving
Accessibility: Anyone with a smartphone can easily check parking availability
Scalability: The design works for small lots but can expand to large facilities with
hundreds of spaces

Technical Design

Now I'll explain how everything works together technically.

The class diagram shows the building blocks of our system. At the center is the
ParkingSystem class, which manages everything. This connects to multiple
ParkingArea objects—for example, we might have separate areas for visitors,
staff, and management.
Each ParkingArea contains individual ParkingSlot objects representing actual
parking spaces. These slots connect to Sensors that detect when cars are

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 present. The ParkingAreas also control Barriers at entry and exit points, which
connect to ServoMotors for physical movement.
The BlynkInterface class connects all this physical information to the cloud,
making it available on users' smartphones.

The sequence diagrams show exactly what happens when a car arrives or leaves:
When a car approaches the entry point:

The IR sensor detects the vehicle

The driver presents their RFID card
The system checks if spaces are available AND the RFID is valid
If both checks pass, the entry barrier opens
As the car enters a specific slot, another sensor detects this
The available space count decreases by one
The mobile app updates to show the new availability
When a car leaves:

The vehicle approaches the exit barrier

The exit sensor detects the vehicle
The exit barrier opens automatically
As the car leaves its parking slot, the sensor there detects the empty space
The available space count increases by one
The mobile app updates to show the new availability
The state diagram shows the overall flow of the system—how it moves between
different states like "spaces available," "almost full," and "completely full," and
how these states affect system behavior.

Working Environment

Let me explain the hardware and software I used to build this system.

For hardware components:

ESP8266 NodeMCU: This is the main "brain" of the system. It has built-in WiFi
capabilities and connects to the internet.
Arduino UNO: This helps control the physical components like barriers.
IR Sensors: These detect when a vehicle is present by measuring infrared light

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 reflection.
EM18 RFID Reader: This scans RFID tags and passes the unique ID to the system.
Servo Motors: These provide the physical movement to open and close barriers.
LED Indicators: These show parking status—green for available spaces, red when
full.
On the software side:

Arduino IDE: I used this to write and upload code to the microcontrollers.
Blynk Platform: This provides the cloud connection and mobile app functionality.
Libraries: I incorporated several libraries including MFRC522 for RFID functions,
Servo library for controlling motors, and Blynk library for cloud connectivity.
The entire system operates on standard 5V power, though the servo motors
require careful power management to ensure reliable operation.
Implementation
Here you can see the physical prototype I built for testing. All components are
connected according to the circuit diagram shown earlier.
The IR sensors are positioned strategically—two at the entry/exit points and others
at individual parking slots. The RFID reader is placed at the entry point where
drivers can easily scan their tags. The servo motors are attached to lightweight
barriers that demonstrate the entry/exit control.

I've tested the system with multiple scenarios:

Cars arriving when spaces are available

Cars arriving when the facility is full
Unauthorized access attempts
Multiple cars entering and leaving in sequence
In all cases, the system performed as designed, accurately tracking occupancy
and controlling access appropriately.

Advantages of Our Solution

My solution offers three major benefits compared to traditional parking systems:

First, it saves time and resources. By showing available spaces in real-time,
drivers avoid unnecessary trips to full parking areas. My testing showed that this

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 reduced average waiting time by 40% compared to traditional parking. This also
means less fuel wasted and lower emissions from cars circling looking for parking.

Second, the remote accessibility through the mobile app transforms the parking
experience. Instead of driving to a parking area hoping to find a space, users
check availability before leaving home or work. This turns parking from an
uncertain, stressful activity into a planned, predictable one.

Third, the RFID system provides automated security. Only authorized vehicles can
enter, creating a safer, more controlled environment. The system maintains
precise counts of vehicles inside, ensuring the displayed availability is always
accurate.

Conclusion

As our cities continue to grow, smart solutions like this will become increasingly
important. This parking system might seem like a small innovation, but it
addresses a daily frustration for millions of people.

To quote the project philosophy: "The greatest tyranny of modern cities is not
their vastness, but the minutes wasted in searching for simple refuge. In liberating
drivers from this burden, we do not merely organize space—we return time to its
rightful owners."

Future Perspectives

Looking ahead, this system could evolve in several exciting ways:

We could add artificial intelligence to predict parking patterns. By analyzing

historical data, the system could forecast busy periods and suggest optimal
parking times to users.

As self-driving cars become more common, this system could communicate

directly with vehicles. Imagine your car automatically finding and navigating to an
available parking space while you walk directly to your destination.

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 We could also integrate environmental monitoring, with sensors tracking air quality
in enclosed parking structures and optimizing ventilation systems accordingly.

These future possibilities build on the foundation established by this project,

extending its benefits even further.

Thank you for your attention. I welcome any questions about the design,
implementation, or potential applications of this system.

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