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OOPs Concepts Python Assessment Guide

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in Python, including classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. It also covers advanced topics such as constructors, destructors, class methods, static methods, and operator overloading. Additionally, it includes multiple-choice questions to assess understanding of these concepts.

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Nandana Linson
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3 views6 pages

OOPs Concepts Python Assessment Guide

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in Python, including classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. It also covers advanced topics such as constructors, destructors, class methods, static methods, and operator overloading. Additionally, it includes multiple-choice questions to assess understanding of these concepts.

Uploaded by

Nandana Linson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OOPs Concepts for Assessment Test (Python)

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts in Python

1. Introduction to OOP

Object-Oriented Programming is a paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which contain data

and methods.

2. Basic Concepts of OOP

a. Class and Object

- **Class**: Blueprint for creating objects.

- **Object**: Instance of a class.

```python

class Dog:

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name

def bark(self):

return f"{self.name} says woof!"

d = Dog("Buddy")

print(d.bark())

```
b. Encapsulation

- Wrapping data and methods in a single unit (class).

- Hides internal state and requires all interaction to be performed through an object's methods.

```python

class Account:

def __init__(self):

self.__balance = 0 # private variable

def deposit(self, amount):

self.__balance += amount

def get_balance(self):

return self.__balance

```

c. Inheritance

- One class can inherit attributes and methods from another class.

```python

class Animal:

def speak(self):

return "Animal speaks"

class Dog(Animal):

def speak(self):

return "Dog barks"


d = Dog()

print(d.speak()) # Output: Dog barks

```

d. Polymorphism

- Same function name with different implementations.

```python

class Bird:

def fly(self):

print("Some birds can fly")

class Penguin(Bird):

def fly(self):

print("Penguins can't fly")

def flying_test(bird):

bird.fly()

flying_test(Bird())

flying_test(Penguin())

```

e. Abstraction

- Hiding the complex implementation and showing only essentials.


```python

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class Vehicle(ABC):

@abstractmethod

def start(self):

pass

class Car(Vehicle):

def start(self):

print("Car started")

c = Car()

c.start()

```

3. Advanced OOP Concepts

a. Constructors and Destructors

```python

class Demo:

def __init__(self):

print("Constructor called")

def __del__(self):

print("Destructor called")

```
b. Class and Static Methods

```python

class MyClass:

count = 0

@classmethod

def increment(cls):

cls.count += 1

@staticmethod

def greet():

print("Hello!")

```

c. Operator Overloading

```python

class Point:

def __init__(self, x, y):

self.x = x

self.y = y

def __add__(self, other):

return Point(self.x + other.x, self.y + other.y)

```

4. MCQs and Output-Based Questions


1. What is encapsulation in Python?

a) Inheriting methods from a class

b) Hiding the internal state of an object

c) Overloading operators

d) Writing multiple methods with the same name

2. Output?

```python

class A:

def show(self):

print("A")

class B(A):

def show(self):

print("B")

obj = B()

obj.show()

```

a) A

b) B

c) AB

d) Error

Answer: b) B

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