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Topic 2 - Problem Set 1

The document discusses the ground-state energy calculations for a proton in a one-dimensional infinite potential well and an electron in a three-dimensional box. It provides formulas and values for energy levels, including specific calculations for the ground state of both particles. Additionally, it addresses the energy transfer required for an electron's transition between excited states and the corresponding emitted wavelengths.

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3 views6 pages

Topic 2 - Problem Set 1

The document discusses the ground-state energy calculations for a proton in a one-dimensional infinite potential well and an electron in a three-dimensional box. It provides formulas and values for energy levels, including specific calculations for the ground state of both particles. Additionally, it addresses the energy transfer required for an electron's transition between excited states and the corresponding emitted wavelengths.

Uploaded by

ezhilkirthikm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problems

A proton is confined to a one-dimensional infinite potential well 100 pm wide.


What is its ground-state energy?

n2h2
En =
8m p a 2

Ground state, n =1
Width of potential well, a = 100 pm
Mass of the proton , m = 1.67 x 10-27 Kg
Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J. s
Problems
2 2
nh
En = 2
8m p a

12 𝑋(6.63𝑋10−34 )2
𝐸1 =
8𝑋1.67−27 𝑋(100𝑋10−12 )2

E1= 3.29x10-21 J or 0.0206 eV


Problems
An electron is contained in the rectangular box of the figure below, with widths
Lx = 800 pm, Ly= 1600 pm, and Lz= 400 pm. what is the electron's ground-state energy
in electron-volts?

Electron energy in infinite potenital box:

ℎ2 𝑛𝑥2 𝑛𝑦2 𝑛𝑧2


𝐸= 2 + 2 + 2
8𝑚 𝐿𝑥 𝐿𝑦 𝐿𝑧
Problems

ℎ2 𝑛𝑥2 𝑛𝑦2 𝑛𝑧2


𝐸= 2 + 2 + 2
8𝑚 𝐿𝑥 𝐿𝑦 𝐿𝑧

(6.63𝑋10−34 )2 1 1 1
𝐸= + +
8(9.11𝑋 10−31 ) 800𝑋10−12 1600𝑋10−12 400𝑋10−12

square of Lx2 + Ly2 + Lz2 is taken and square symbol is missed in the above line
𝐸 = 4.95 𝑋 10−19 𝐽 𝑜𝑟 3.10 𝑒𝑉
Problems
Suppose that an electron trapped in a one-dimensional infinite well of width 250 pm is
excited from its first excited state to its third excited state. (a) In electron-volts, what energy
must be transferred to the electron for this quantum jump? If the electron then de-excites by
emitting light, (b) what wavelengths can it emit

2 2
nh
En = 2
8me a

𝐸𝑛 = (9.65𝑋10−19 𝐽 )𝑛2

𝐸𝑛 = 6.03 𝑛2 𝑒𝑉
Problems

(a) First excited state, n = 2


Third excited state, n = 4
∆𝐸 = 𝐸4 − 𝐸2
= 6.03 (42 – 22)
= 72.4 eV

(b) ∆𝐸= hf = hc/λ

λ= 13.7nm

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