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JSP Servlet Interview Questions

The document provides a comprehensive overview of JSP and Servlet concepts, including definitions, lifecycle, differences, and examples. It covers key topics such as request handling, session management, filters, and the use of JSTL and Expression Language. Additionally, it discusses configuration through web.xml and compares JSP with Thymeleaf.

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3 views5 pages

JSP Servlet Interview Questions

The document provides a comprehensive overview of JSP and Servlet concepts, including definitions, lifecycle, differences, and examples. It covers key topics such as request handling, session management, filters, and the use of JSTL and Expression Language. Additionally, it discusses configuration through web.xml and compares JSP with Thymeleaf.

Uploaded by

lawojim575
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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# JSP & Servlet Interview Questions and Answers

## 1. What is a Servlet?
A Servlet is a Java program that runs on a web server and handles client requests.
It extends the capabilities of a server by generating dynamic web content.

### Example: Simple Servlet


```java
@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.getWriter().println("Hello, Servlet!");
}
}
```
---

## 2. What is JSP?
JSP (JavaServer Pages) is a technology that allows embedding Java code inside HTML
pages for dynamic web content generation.

### Example: Displaying Data in JSP


```jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Welcome, <%= request.getParameter("name") %>!</h2>
</body>
</html>
```
---

## 3. Difference Between JSP and Servlets?


| Feature | JSP | Servlet |
|---------|----|---------|
| Type | HTML-based with Java | Java-based |
| Speed | Slower than Servlets | Faster |
| Use Case | UI Pages | Backend Logic |

---

## 4. Servlet Lifecycle?
1. **Loading & Instantiation** - Servlet class is loaded.
2. **Initialization (`init()`)** - Called once.
3. **Request Handling (`service()`)** - Called for each request.
4. **Destruction (`destroy()`)** - Called when the servlet is removed.

### Example:
```java
public void init() { System.out.println("Servlet Initialized"); }
public void destroy() { System.out.println("Servlet Destroyed"); }
```

---

## 5. Difference Between `doGet()` and `doPost()`?


| Feature | `doGet()` | `doPost()` |
|---------|----------|----------|
| Data Visibility | Sent in URL | Sent in Body |
| Security | Less secure | More secure |
| Use Case | Fetch Data | Submit Data |

### Example:
```java
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
response.getWriter().println("Hello, " + username);
}
```
---

## 6. What is RequestDispatcher?
It forwards or includes requests between Servlets/JSPs.

### Example (Forwarding a Request):


```java
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("dashboard.jsp");
rd.forward(request, response);
```
---

## 7. Difference Between `forward()` and `sendRedirect()`?


| Feature | `forward()` | `sendRedirect()` |
|---------|------------|------------|
| Type | Server-side | Client-side |
| URL Change | No | Yes |

---

## 8. What are JSP Implicit Objects?


| Object | Description |
|--------|------------|
| `request` | Client request details |
| `session` | User session data |
| `out` | Sends output to browser |

### Example:
```jsp
Welcome, ${sessionScope.username}!
```

---

## 9. What is `session` Scope vs `application` Scope?


| Feature | `session` | `application` |
|---------|----------|--------------|
| Lifetime | Per user session | Until server restarts |
| Data Access | User-specific | Shared across users |

---

## 10. What is ServletContext and ServletConfig?


- **ServletContext**: Stores global application data.
- **ServletConfig**: Stores servlet-specific configuration.
---

## 11. What are Filters?


Filters intercept requests/responses for logging, authentication, etc.

### Example (Authentication Filter):


```java
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
if (session == null) {
((HttpServletResponse) res).sendRedirect("login.jsp");
} else {
chain.doFilter(req, res);
}
}
```

---

## 12. How to Handle Sessions in Servlets?


```java
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("username", "John");
```

---

## 13. What are Cookies in Servlets?


Cookies store user preferences in the browser.

### Example (Setting a Cookie):


```java
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("user", "John");
response.addCookie(cookie);
```

---

## 14. What is Expression Language (EL)?


EL simplifies accessing request/session attributes.

### Example:
```jsp
Welcome, ${sessionScope.username}
```

---

## 15. What is JSTL?


JSTL provides tags for common operations.

### Example (Loop in JSTL):


```jsp
<c:forEach var="name" items="${namesList}">
<p>${name}</p>
</c:forEach>
```
---

## 16. What is MVC in JSP and Servlets?


- **Model**: Business logic (JavaBeans, DAO)
- **View**: UI (JSP)
- **Controller**: Handles requests (Servlets)

### Example (Servlet Controller):


```java
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
request.setAttribute("user", username);
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("welcome.jsp");
rd.forward(request, response);
}
```

---

## 17. What is `web.xml`?


`web.xml` is a deployment descriptor that configures Servlets, Filters, and session
settings.

---

## 18. What is an `HttpSessionListener`?


It tracks session creation and destruction.

### Example:
```java
public class MySessionListener implements HttpSessionListener {
public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent event) {
System.out.println("Session Created: " + event.getSession().getId());
}
public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent event) {
System.out.println("Session Destroyed");
}
}
```

---

## 19. What is a `ServletConfig` Parameter?


Defines per-servlet configurations in `web.xml`.

### Example:
```xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.example.MyServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>database</param-name>
<param-value>MySQL</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
```
---

## 20. What is the Difference Between JSP and Thymeleaf?


| Feature | JSP | Thymeleaf |
|---------|----|----------|
| Language | Java-based | Java & HTML |
| Performance | Slower | Faster |
| Use Case | Traditional Java EE | Modern Spring Apps |

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