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Lecture 4

The document discusses the concepts of classes and objects in software development, defining a class as a blueprint that includes data and functions, while an object is an instance of a class. It explains the usage of constructors, including default and parameterized constructors, to assign values to instance variables. The document also provides examples of class notation and object creation in C#.

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2 views13 pages

Lecture 4

The document discusses the concepts of classes and objects in software development, defining a class as a blueprint that includes data and functions, while an object is an instance of a class. It explains the usage of constructors, including default and parameterized constructors, to assign values to instance variables. The document also provides examples of class notation and object creation in C#.

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used.subtype-4e
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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APPLICATION

SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT
~ THARUKA PERERA

Lecture 04
Foundation Certificate in IT – UOB Batch
CLASSES AND OBJECTS
What Is a Class?

CONTENT What Is an Object?

Usage of constructor
CAR?
WHAT IS A CLASS?

A data structure that includes both data


and functions
A template for objects that share Data •Color, Model, Manu.Year, Brand

common characteristics.
•Drive() , Reverse(), Speed(),
Functions
Simply a class is a blueprint that Break()

defines the variables and the methods


common to all objects of a certain kind.
CLASS NOTATION
class ClassName
{
//Fields, operations and properties go here
...
}
EXAMPLE:
class Car
{
string color, model, brand;
int year;

void drive();
void speed();

}
WHAT IS AN OBJECT?

 An object is an instance of a class

 When a program is executed, the objects interact by sending messages to one another

 Objects exhibit:
 Identity: Objects are distinguishable from one another
 Behaviour: Objects can perform tasks
 State: Objects store information
OBJECTS
 An object is created in the memory using the keyword ’new’ and is referenced by an identifier called a "reference".

Example: Student Object1 = new Student();


Student Object2 = new Student();
Student Object3 = new Student();
//Creating an object
ASSIGNING VALUES TO
Rectangle rect1 = new Rectangle();
VARIABLES USING
METHODS //Calling the method using the object
rect1.setData(15,10);
Rect1 Object

Rectangle Class

Rect2 Object
Purpose of a constructor is to assign values to
the instance variables at the runtime.

✓ Constructor has the same name as the


class
CONSTRUCTOR ✓ No return type

 C# has two constructors


1. Default constructor
2. Parameterized constructor.
C# DEFAULT CONSTRUCTOR
 constructor which has no argument is known as default constructor. It is invoked at the time of creating object.

public class Car {


int modelYear;
String modelName;
Default Constructor
by default added by
public Car() { the C# compiler

}
}
PARAMETERIZED CONSTRUCTOR.

Purpose of a constructor is
public class Car {
to assign values to the
int modelYear; instance variables at the
runtime
String modelName;

public Car(int year, String name) {


modelYear = year;
modelName = name;
}
Let’s Discuss this at the Labs
SEE YOU ON
NEXT WEEK..!!

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