Company background

“Towards the new heights” has always been the tagline of Indigo Airlines. Commonly known as
Indigo has been a prominent player and one of the largest airlines in the aviation industry in India
who is able to sustain all the operational and associated challenges posed by the market dynamics
and regulatory changes. It is well known for its affordable fares, punctuality, and monitored customer
centric approach.

i) Founders and Founding principles:

Inter Globe Aviation Limited doing business as Indigo was founded in 2006 by Rahul Bhatia of Inter
Globe Enterprises and Rakesh Gangwal, a US based NRI. Headquartered in Gurgaon, Haryana, Indigo
has revolutionized air travel with stupendous operations and modern fleet experience. Inter Globe
held by Bhatia had 51.12% stake whereas Gangwal’s Virginia based company – Caelum Investments
holds 47.88% stake.

The Founders had a clear goal to set exceptional operational excellence and high customer
satisfaction. These are the 2 founding principles that helped Indigo gained taction in the competitive
aviation market and earn accolades for its reliability and affordability.

ii) Indigo’s Journey from its First Flight to becoming one of the largest Indian Airlines

June 2005 Indigo made a firm order for 100 Airbus A320-200 aircrafts.

July 2006 Received the order of first aircraft.

August 2006 Commenced operations with the first flight from New Delhi to Imphal via
Guwahati

By end of 2006 Indigo was successful in increasing the number of aircrafts to 6

Year 2007 Nine more aircrafts were acquired

August 2012 6 years after commencing operations Indigo had one of the largest market share
in Indian aviation industry

January 2013 Indigo was the second fastest growing low cost carrier in Asia

February 2013 Indigo planned to launch low cost regional flights and acquired 9 more aircrafts
in 2013

August 2015 Indigo placed an order for 250 Airbus A320 neo aircrafts worth US$27 billion –
Largest single order in Aviation industry

October 2015 Indigo launched its IPO

October 2019 Indigo placed an order for 300 Airbus A320 neo aircrafts worth US$29 Billion
surpassing its own record
 December It become the first airline to operate 1500 flights daily
2019
January 2023 BY this time it had become the first Indian airline to have the largest fleet size of
more than 300 aircrafts

February 2023 It inducted the first wide body aircraft, Boeing 777-300ER

June 2023 It placed an order for 500 more Airbus A320 neo family aircrafts

Nov 2023 Largest domestic market share of 61.8%

Dec 2023 One of the first Indian airlines to ferry more than 100 million passengers in a
calendar Year

*Source: Wikipedia and other random articles

From its humble beginnings to its current status as a market leader, IndiGo has redefined air travel in
India, setting new standards for affordability, reliability, and service excellence.

Setbacks for IndiGo Airlines

1. Regulatory Challenges

IndiGo Airlines, like other carriers in the Indian aviation industry, has faced regulatory challenges that
have impacted its operations and profitability. Changes in regulations related to pricing, slot
allocations, limitations on number of aircrafts operating, and aviation taxes have sometimes posed
hurdles for the airline, requiring it to adapt its strategies and navigate complex regulatory
frameworks.

2. Intense Competition

The Indian aviation market is highly competitive, with multiple players vying for market share.
Intense competition other legacy and low-cost airlines has exerted pressure on IndiGo's pricing
strategies and profit margins. Competing airlines often engage in fare wars and aggressive marketing
tactics, challenging IndiGo's ability to maintain its position as the market leader while sustaining
profitability.

3. Operational Disruptions

Despite its reputation for punctuality, IndiGo has encountered operational disruptions from time to
time, including technical issues, aircraft maintenance delays, and weather-related disruptions, which
is normal for any airlines company to face at multiple phases of its operations. These disruptions
often lead to flight cancellations, delays, and inconvenience for passengers, impacting the airline's
reliability and customer satisfaction levels.

4. Rising Fuel Costs

Fuel costs represent a significant portion of IndiGo's operating expenses, and fluctuations in oil prices
can significantly impact the airline's profitability. Periods of high oil prices or sudden spikes in fuel
costs can strain IndiGo's financial performance, forcing the airline to implement cost-saving
measures or adjust ticket prices to mitigate the impact.
5. Overcapacity

The Indian aviation industry has witnessed periods of overcapacity, where the supply of airline seats
outstrips demand. Overcapacity can lead to downward pressure on ticket prices, reducing yields for
airlines like IndiGo. In such scenarios, airlines may struggle to fill seats and generate adequate
revenue, leading to financial strain and increased competition for market share.

6. Brand Reputation Challenges

Maintaining a positive brand reputation is crucial for IndiGo's success in a competitive market. The
airline has faced occasional challenges related to customer service issues, including complaints about
staff behavior, service quality, and passenger grievances. Negative publicity stemming from such
incidents can tarnish IndiGo's brand image and erode customer trust, impacting its market position
and long-term viability.

7. External Factors

IndiGo Airlines, like other airlines globally, is susceptible to external factors beyond its control, such
as geopolitical tensions, natural disasters, and pandemics. Events like the COVID-19 pandemic have
had a profound impact on the aviation industry, leading to travel restrictions, reduced demand, and
financial losses for airlines. Adapting to such external shocks requires resilience, agility, and strategic
planning on the part of IndiGo's management team.
IndiGo, one of the largest low-cost airlines in India, has ambitious expansion plans for the future.
Some of the key expansion plans for IndiGo Airlines include:

1. Fleet Expansion: IndiGo aims to continue expanding its fleet of aircraft to facilitate its growth. It
has placed orders for a large number of Airbus A320neo and A321neo aircraft, which will aid in
increasing its operational capacity.

2. International Operations: IndiGo is looking to expand its international operations and connect
more destinations globally. Currently, it operates a significant number of flights to countries in the
Middle East and Southeast Asia, and it plans to increase its network in these regions while exploring
new markets.

3. New Routes: The airline intends to introduce new domestic and international routes to cater to the
growing demand for air travel. By expanding its route network, IndiGo aims to connect more cities
and offer enhanced connectivity to passengers.

4. Code-share Agreements: IndiGo is actively engaging in code-share agreements with other airlines,
which will further extend its reach and allow it to offer its passengers a broader choice of
destinations and seamless travel experiences.

5. Regional Connectivity: IndiGo plans to leverage the Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS) in India to
enhance its regional connectivity. Under RCS, the airline aims to connect underserved airports and
promote air travel in Tier-II and Tier-III cities.

6. Technology Upgrades: IndiGo continually invests in technology to improve its operational

7. Focus on Cargo Operations: IndiGo recognizes the potential of cargo operations and plans to
expand its cargo services by leveraging its existing fleet and infrastructure. This will enable the airline
to capitalize on the growing demand for air cargo transportation.

Overall, IndiGo Airlines is focused on consolidating its position as a leading player in the Indian
aviation industry. With its fleet expansion, international operations, increased connectivity, and
technological enhancements, IndiGo aims to become a dominant player in the global aviation
market.
Air China, one of the major airlines in China, has outlined several expansion plans for the future.
Some of the key expansion plans for Air China include:

1. Fleet Expansion: Air China aims to expand its fleet of aircraft to support its growth. This includes
acquiring new, more fuel-efficient aircraft and retiring older ones. The airline has placed orders for
new aircraft, including the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and Airbus A350, to enhance its operational
capabilities and increase its capacity.

2. International Market Expansion: Air China is focusing on expanding its international network by
launching new routes and increasing frequencies on existing routes. The airline aims to connect more
global destinations and strengthen its market presence in key international markets.

3. Partnerships and Alliances: Air China is actively seeking partnerships and alliances with other
airlines to enhance its connectivity and offer a broader range of destinations and services to its
customers. Collaborations with other airlines through code-sharing agreements and joint ventures
are expected to play a significant role in Air China's expansion plans.

4. New Hub Development: Air China is exploring opportunities to establish new hubs or expand
existing ones to improve its operational efficiency and better serve its domestic and international
markets. This includes investing in infrastructure and facilities to support its expansion plans.

5. Enhanced Customer Experience: Air China aims to provide an enhanced 5. customer experience by
investing in customer service training, upgrading its in-flight entertainment systems, and improving
overall service quality. The airline has introduced a range of initiatives, including the expansion of its
Delta One business class product and the introduction of premium economy seating, to cater to the
evolving needs and preferences of its customers.

6. Sustainable Operations: Delta is committed to sustainable operations and aims to reduce its
environmental impact. The airline has set ambitious goals to reduce its carbon emissions and invests
in sustainable aviation fuels and energy-efficient technologies. Delta is also exploring ways to
minimize waste and improve recycling practices throughout its operations.

7. Cargo Operations Expansion: Delta plans to expand its cargo operations to meet the growing
demand for air freight. The airline aims to enhance its cargo capabilities and infrastructure to offer
efficient and reliable cargo services. Delta Cargo has recently introduced new, specialized services,
such as temperature-controlled shipping and a high-value product handling facility, to cater to
specific cargo needs.
Overall, Delta Airlines aims to strengthen its position as a leading global airline by expanding its fleet,
increasing its international market reach, enhancing the customer experience, and focusing on
sustainable and efficient operations.

Indigo The airline, which added six new destinations in the last quarter, plans to start flights to Bali
(Indonesia) and Medina (Saudi Arabia) in the upcoming quarter (Q3FY24) as part of its international
expansion plans.6 Nov 2023

What are the future plans of IndiGo?

According to sources, IndiGo will have 70 aircraft grounded until March 2024. "To further expand our
capacity, we have retained 14 of our older Airbus A320 CEO, extended leases on 36 other aircraft,
and 11 additional aircraft on lease starting in November.

What is the fleet size expansion of IndiGo?

In December 2019, the airline became the first Indian airline to operate 1,500 daily flights. On 31
December 2019, it became India's first airline to have a fleet size of more than 250 aircraft. In
January 2023, the airline became the first Indian airline to have a fleet size of more than 300 aircraft.

What is the full form of IndiGo?

Welcome to InterGlobe Aviation (IndiGo)

We are India's largest and most preferred passenger airline and amongst the fastest growing airlines
in the world.

What are the three pillars of IndiGo?

In 2022, IndiGo embarked on growth strategy under 3 strategic pillars – 'Reassure, Develop, and
Create' to support its growth plans, as it aims to double in size and scale by the end of this decade.

Why is IndiGo successful?

IndiGo's remarkable rise was underscored by its disciplined approach. Staying faithful to its business
model of operating a single type of aircraft, the A320s, and maintaining quality, training, and costs,
IndiGo carved a niche in the Indian aviation sector.

How many planes have IndiGo?

IndiGo has a fleet of over 330 aircraft. 112 A320neos and 25 A321neo, a total of 137 aircraft are
powered by Pratt & Whitney (8/11/2023)
IndiGo, one of the largest low-cost airlines in India, has ambitious expansion plans for the
future. Some of the key expansion plans for IndiGo Airlines include: 1. Fleet Expansion:
IndiGo aims to continue expanding its fleet of aircraft to facilitate its growth. It has placed
orders for a large number of Airbus A320neo and A321neo aircraft, which will aid in
increasing its operational capacity. 2. International Operations: IndiGo is looking to expand
its international operations and connect more destinations globally. Currently, it operates a
significant number of flights to countries in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, and it plans
to increase its network in these regions while exploring new markets. 3. New Routes: The
airline intends to introduce new domestic and international routes to cater to the growing
demand for air travel. By expanding its route network, IndiGo aims to connect more cities
and offer enhanced connectivity to passengers. 4. Code-share Agreements: IndiGo is
actively engaging in code-share agreements with other airlines, which will further extend its
reach and allow it to offer its passengers a broader choice of destinations and seamless
travel experiences. 5. Regional Connectivity: IndiGo plans to leverage the Regional
Connectivity Scheme (RCS) in India to enhance its regional connectivity. Under RCS, the
airline aims to connect underserved airports and promote air travel in Tier-II and Tier-III
cities. 6. Technology Upgrades: IndiGo continually invests in technology to improve its
operational efficiency and enhance the customer experience. It plans to leverage technology
advancements to streamline processes, maximize aircraft utilization, and offer innovative
services. 7. Focus on Cargo Operations: IndiGo recognizes the potential of cargo operations
and plans to expand its cargo services by leveraging its existing fleet and infrastructure. This
will enable the airline to capitalize on the growing demand for air cargo transportation.
Overall, IndiGo Airlines is focused on consolidating its position as a leading player in the
Indian aviation industry. With its fleet expansion, international operations, increased
connectivity, and technological enhancements, IndiGo aims to become a dominant player in
the global aviation market. Air China, one of the major airlines in China, has outlined several
expansion plans for the future. Some of the key expansion plans for Air China include: 1.
Fleet Expansion: Air China aims to expand its fleet of aircraft to support its growth. This
includes acquiring new, more fuel-efficient aircraft and retiring older ones. The airline has
placed orders for new aircraft, including the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and Airbus A350, to
enhance its operational capabilities and increase its capacity. 2. International Market
Expansion: Air China is focusing on expanding its international network by launching new
routes and increasing frequencies on existing routes. The airline aims to connect more
global destinations and strengthen its market presence in key international markets. 3.
Partnerships and Alliances: Air China is actively seeking partnerships and alliances with
other airlines to enhance its connectivity and offer a broader range of destinations and
services to its customers. Collaborations with other airlines through code-sharing
agreements and joint ventures are expected to play a significant role in Air China's
expansion plans. 4. New Hub Development: Air China is exploring opportunities to establish
new hubs or expand existing ones to improve its operational efficiency and better serve its
domestic and international markets. This includes investing in infrastructure and facilities to
support its expansion plans. 5. Enhanced Customer Experience: Air China aims to provide
an enhanced customer experience by investing in customer service training, upgrading its in-
flight entertainment systems, and improving overall service quality. The airline recognizes
the importance of customer satisfaction in driving growth and aims to continually improve its
services in line with passenger expectations. 6. Sustainable Operations: Air China is
committed to sustainable operations and aims to reduce its environmental impact. The
airline has been implementing various measures, including exploring the use of biofuels,
investing in fuel-efficient aircraft, and implementing measures to reduce carbon emissions. 7.
Cargo Operations Expansion: Air China plans to expand its cargo operations to tap into the
growing demand for air freight. The airline aims to enhance its cargo capabilities and
infrastructure to offer efficient and reliable cargo services both domestically and
internationally. Overall, Air China aims to strengthen its position as a leading global airline by
expanding its fleet, increasing its international market reach, enhancing the customer
experience, and focusing on sustainable and efficient operations. Delta Airlines has outlined
several expansion plans for the future. Some of the key expansion plans for Delta Airlines
include: 1. Fleet Expansion and Modernization: Delta plans to expand and modernize its
fleet by acquiring new, fuel-efficient aircraft and retiring older, less efficient ones. The airline
has placed orders for Airbus A220, A321neo, and A350 aircraft, as well as additional Boeing
737-900ER and 777 aircraft. This fleet expansion and modernization will enable Delta to
enhance its operational capabilities, improve fuel efficiency, and increase its capacity. 2.
International Market Expansion: Delta is focused on expanding its international network by
launching new routes and increasing frequencies on existing ones. The airline aims to
connect more global destinations and strengthen its market presence in key international
markets. Delta has recently announced plans to launch direct flights to new destinations in
Europe, Asia, and Latin America. 3. Partnerships and Alliances: Delta is actively seeking
partnerships and alliances with other airlines to enhance its connectivity and offer a broader
range of destinations and services to its customers. The airline has alliances with several
major global carriers, such as Air France-KLM, Virgin Atlantic, and Korean Air, and is
exploring opportunities for further collaborations through code-sharing agreements and joint
ventures. 4. New Hub Development: Delta is evaluating opportunities to establish new hubs
or expand existing ones to improve its operational efficiency and better serve its domestic
and international markets. The airline has invested in infrastructure and facilities at its hubs,
such as Atlanta, Detroit, and Salt Lake City, to support its expansion plans. 5. Enhanced
Customer Experience: Delta aims to provide an enhanced customer experience by investing
in customer service training, upgrading its in-flight entertainment systems, and improving
overall service quality. The airline has introduced a range of initiatives, including the
expansion of its Delta One business class product and the introduction of premium economy
seating, to cater to the evolving needs and preferences of its customers. 6. Sustainable
Operations: Delta is committed to sustainable operations and aims to reduce its
environmental impact. The airline has set ambitious goals to reduce its carbon emissions
and invests in sustainable aviation fuels and energy-efficient technologies. Delta is also
exploring ways to minimize waste and improve recycling practices throughout its operations.
7. Cargo Operations Expansion: Delta plans to expand its cargo operations to meet the
growing demand for air freight. The airline aims to enhance its cargo capabilities and
infrastructure to offer efficient and reliable cargo services. Delta Cargo has recently
introduced new, specialized services, such as temperature-controlled shipping and a high-
value product handling facility, to cater to specific cargo needs. Overall, Delta Airlines aims
to strengthen its position as a leading global airline by expanding its fleet, increasing its
international market reach, enhancing the customer experience, and focusing on sustainable
and efficient operations. Indigo The airline, which added six new destinations in the last
quarter, plans to start flights to Bali (Indonesia) and Medina (Saudi Arabia) in the upcoming
quarter (Q3FY24) as part of its international expansion plans.6 Nov 2023 What are the future
plans of IndiGo? According to sources, IndiGo will have 70 aircraft grounded until March
2024. "To further expand our capacity, we have retained 14 of our older Airbus A320 CEO,
extended leases on 36 other aircraft, and 11 additional aircraft on lease starting in
November. What is the fleet size expansion of IndiGo? In December 2019, the airline
became the first Indian airline to operate 1,500 daily flights. On 31 December 2019, it
became India's first airline to have a fleet size of more than 250 aircraft. In January 2023, the
airline became the first Indian airline to have a fleet size of more than 300 aircraft. What is
the full form of IndiGo? Welcome to InterGlobe Aviation (IndiGo) We are India's largest and
most preferred passenger airline and amongst the fastest growing airlines in the world. What
are the three pillars of IndiGo? In 2022, IndiGo embarked on growth strategy under 3
strategic pillars – 'Reassure, Develop, and Create' to support its growth plans, as it aims to
double in size and scale by the end of this decade. Why is IndiGo successful? IndiGo's
remarkable rise was underscored by its disciplined approach. Staying faithful to its business
model of operating a single type of aircraft, the A320s, and maintaining quality, training, and
costs, IndiGo carved a niche in the Indian aviation sector. How many planes have IndiGo?
IndiGo has a fleet of over 330 aircraft. 112 A320neos and 25 A321neo, a total of 137 aircraft
are powered by Pratt & Whitney (8/11/2023)