Scribd
Upload
14 views3 pages

Script

This document contains a Python implementation of the ElGamal encryption and decryption algorithm. It includes functions for key generation, message encryption, and decryption, along with a main program loop for user interaction. The program allows users to generate keys, encrypt messages, and decrypt ciphertext, ensuring secure communication.

Uploaded by

التعزي
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views3 pages

Script

This document contains a Python implementation of the ElGamal encryption and decryption algorithm. It includes functions for key generation, message encryption, and decryption, along with a main program loop for user interaction. The program allows users to generate keys, encrypt messages, and decrypt ciphertext, ensuring secure communication.

Uploaded by

التعزي
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Code:

# Import necessary modules from PyCryptodome and standard libraries


from Crypto.Util.number import getPrime, getRandomNBitInteger # For prime number
generation
from Crypto.PublicKey import ElGamal # ElGamal key management
import random # For secure random number generation

def encrypt_message(public_key, message):


# Unpack public key components (prime, generator, public element)
p, g, y = public_key

# Convert message bytes to integer (big-endian encoding)


plaintext = int.from_bytes(message, 'big')

# Generate random ephemeral key (k) in range [1, p-2]


k = random.randint(1, p - 2)

# Compute first ciphertext component: c1 = g^k mod p


c1 = pow(g, k, p)

# Compute second ciphertext component: c2 = (plaintext * y^k) mod p


c2 = (plaintext * pow(y, k, p)) % p

# Return ciphertext as a tuple of the two components


return (c1, c2)

def decrypt_message(private_key, ciphertext):


# Unpack private key components (prime, private exponent)
p, x = private_key

# Unpack ciphertext components


c1, c2 = ciphertext
# Compute plaintext: c2 * (c1^(p-1-x)) mod p
# This uses Fermat's little theorem for modular inverse calculation
plaintext = (c2 * pow(c1, p - 1 - x, p)) % p
# Convert integer plaintext back to bytes
message = plaintext.to_bytes((plaintext.bit_length() + 7) // 8, 'big')

return message

# Main program loop


print("ElGamal Encryption/Decryption")

while True:
# Display menu options
print("\nMenu:")
print("1. Generate keys")
print("2. Encrypt")
print("3. Decrypt")
print("4. Exit")

choice = input("Enter your choice: ")


if choice == "1":
# Generate 2048-bit prime number (sufficient for security)
p = getPrime(2048)
# Generate private key (random integer in [1, p-2])
x = random.randint(1, p - 2)
# Use fixed generator (common choice for ElGamal)
g = 2
# Compute public key component: y = g^x mod p
y = pow(g, x, p)
# Store key pairs
public_key = (p, g, y)
private_key = (p, x)
print("Keys generated successfully!")

elif choice == "2":


# Check if keys have been generated first
if 'public_key' not in locals():
print("Please generate keys first!")
else:
# Get user input and encode to bytes
message = input("Enter plaintext: ").encode()
# Perform encryption
ciphertext = encrypt_message(public_key, message)
print("Ciphertext:", ciphertext)

elif choice == "3":


# Check if keys have been generated first
if 'private_key' not in locals():
print("Please generate keys first!")
else:
try:
# Get ciphertext input from user
ciphertext_input = input("Enter ciphertext (in the format (c1, c2)): ")

# Safely parse input without using eval()


c1, c2 = map(int, ciphertext_input.strip('()').split(','))
ciphertext = (c1, c2)

# Decrypt and convert to string


plaintext = decrypt_message(private_key, ciphertext)
print("Plaintext:", plaintext.decode())

except Exception as e:
# Handle invalid input formats or decryption errors
print("Invalid ciphertext format or decryption error:", e)

elif choice == "4":


# Exit the program
print("Exiting...")
break

else:
# Handle invalid menu choices
print("Invalid choice! Please try again.")
Output ScreenShot:

You might also like