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# - CBSE Class 12 Computer Sci

The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science (083) Revision Guide for the academic year 2024-25 covers essential topics such as Python functions and modules, file handling, SQL, and Boolean algebra, along with high-probability exam questions. It emphasizes key concepts, exam formats, and provides last-minute tips for effective time management during exams. Important areas for revision include Python functions, SQL joins, and Boolean algebra simplifications.

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2 views6 pages

# - CBSE Class 12 Computer Sci

The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science (083) Revision Guide for the academic year 2024-25 covers essential topics such as Python functions and modules, file handling, SQL, and Boolean algebra, along with high-probability exam questions. It emphasizes key concepts, exam formats, and provides last-minute tips for effective time management during exams. Important areas for revision include Python functions, SQL joins, and Boolean algebra simplifications.

Uploaded by

assaulterlassi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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# **CBSE Class 12 Computer Science (083) - Revision Guide**

**Academic Year:** 2024-25


**Exam Format:** Theory + Practical

---

## **📌 Chapter-Wise Revision**

### **1️⃣Python Revision (Functions & Modules)**

#### **🔹 Key Concepts**


- **Functions:** Blocks of reusable code defined using `def`
keyword.
- **Types of Functions:**
- **Built-in Functions** (e.g., `print()`, `len()`)
- **User-defined Functions** (created by programmers)
- **Lambda Functions** (anonymous, single-expression
functions)
- **Arguments & Parameters:**
- **Positional Arguments**
- **Keyword Arguments**
- **Default Arguments**
- **Variable-Length Arguments (`*args`, `**kwargs`)**
- **Scope of Variables:**
- **Local** (inside function)
- **Global** (accessible throughout program)
- **Modules:** Importing modules using `import module_name`
- **Standard Library Modules:** `math`, `random`, `datetime`

#### **🔹 High-Probability Exam Questions**

**1 Mark:**
➡ *What is the difference between a function and a module?*
✅ **Answer:** A **function** is a block of reusable code, whereas
a **module** is a file containing multiple functions, classes, and
variables.

**2 Marks:**
➡ *Differentiate between `return` and `print()` in Python.*
✅ **Answer:**
- `return`: Sends value back to the function caller, terminates
function execution.
- `print()`: Displays output on screen but does not return a
value.

**3 Marks:**
➡ *Write a Python function to find the factorial of a number using
recursion.*
```python
def factorial(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)

print(factorial(5)) # Output: 120


```

---

### **2️⃣File Handling in Python**

#### **🔹 Key Concepts**


- **File Types:** Text & Binary Files
- **File Operations:**
- `open()` – Modes: `"r"`, `"w"`, `"a"`, `"rb"`, `"wb"`, `"r+"`
- `read()`, `readline()`, `readlines()`
- `write()`, `writelines()`
- `close()`
- **Exception Handling in File Operations:** `try-except-finally`

#### **🔹 High-Probability Exam Questions**

**1 Mark:**
➡ *What is the difference between `r+` and `w+` file modes?*
✅ **Answer:**
- `"r+"`: Read and write; does **not** create file if absent.
- `"w+"`: Read and write; **creates file** if absent and overwrites
existing content.

**2 Marks:**
➡ *Explain the use of `with open()` statement.*
✅ **Answer:** The `with open()` statement ensures the file is
properly closed after use, reducing the risk of data corruption.

**3 Marks:**
➡ *Write a Python program to read a text file and display its
content.*
```python
with open("sample.txt", "r") as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)
```

---

### **3️⃣SQL (Structured Query Language)**

#### **🔹 Key Concepts**


- **DDL (Data Definition Language):** `CREATE`, `ALTER`,
`DROP`
- **DML (Data Manipulation Language):** `INSERT`, `UPDATE`,
`DELETE`
- **DQL (Data Query Language):** `SELECT`
- **Constraints:** `PRIMARY KEY`, `FOREIGN KEY`, `UNIQUE`,
`CHECK`, `NOT NULL`
- **Joins:** `INNER JOIN`, `LEFT JOIN`, `RIGHT JOIN`, `FULL JOIN`
- **Aggregate Functions:** `SUM()`, `AVG()`, `MAX()`, `MIN()`,
`COUNT()`

#### **🔹 High-Probability Exam Questions**

**1 Mark:**
➡ *What is the purpose of the `GROUP BY` clause?*
✅ **Answer:** It groups rows that have the same values in
specified columns and is used with aggregate functions like
`SUM()`, `COUNT()`.

**2 Marks:**
➡ *Write an SQL query to display names of students who scored
above 90 in Mathematics.*
```sql
SELECT name FROM students WHERE Mathematics > 90;
```

**3 Marks:**
➡ *Explain `PRIMARY KEY` and `FOREIGN KEY` with an
example.*
✅ **Answer:**
- **Primary Key:** A unique identifier for records in a table.
- **Foreign Key:** A field in one table that references the primary
key in another table.

```sql
CREATE TABLE Students (
ID INT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE Marks (


StudentID INT,
Marks INT,
FOREIGN KEY (StudentID) REFERENCES Students(ID)
);
```

---

### **4️⃣Boolean Algebra**

#### **🔹 Key Concepts**


- **Boolean Operators:** AND, OR, NOT
- **Laws of Boolean Algebra:**
- **Idempotent Law:** A + A = A, A . A = A
- **Complement Law:** A + A' = 1, A . A' = 0
- **Karnaugh Maps (K-Maps)** for simplification
- **Logic Gates:** AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR

#### **🔹 High-Probability Exam Questions**

**1 Mark:**
➡ *What is De Morgan's Theorem?*
✅ **Answer:**
- (A.B)' = A' + B'
- (A + B)' = A' . B'

**2 Marks:**
➡ *Simplify the Boolean Expression: A + AB*
✅ **Answer:**
A + AB = A(1 + B) = A(1) = **A**

**3 Marks:**
➡ *Draw the logic circuit for the Boolean expression: (A + B)' . C*

✅ **Diagram:**
_(Include a NAND & AND Gate representation)_

---

## **📌 Last-Minute Tips**

### **🕒 Time Management in Exam**


1. **Read the paper carefully** (First 15 minutes)
2. **Attempt easier questions first** to save time.
3. **Manage Sections:**
- 1-mark questions: 10-15 minutes
- 2-mark questions: 20 minutes
- 3-mark questions: 25 minutes
4. **Use proper indentation** for Python & SQL.

### **✅ Must-Revise Topics for 60%+ Score**


- Python: Functions & File Handling
- SQL: Joins & Aggregate Functions
- Boolean Algebra: K-Maps
- Networking: Network Topologies & Protocols

---

### **📌 Disclaimer:**


_This is a summary only. Refer to NCERT for the complete
syllabus._

---
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