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Lab10 - REST API with db

This document outlines a lab for students to build a task management system backend using Express.js and Mongoose. It includes objectives, activity outcomes, and step-by-step instructions for setting up a project, creating schemas, implementing CRUD operations, and validating data. Additionally, it provides graded tasks to extend a Product Catalog API with similar functionalities.

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amir.raza537918
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3 views5 pages

Lab10 - REST API with db

This document outlines a lab for students to build a task management system backend using Express.js and Mongoose. It includes objectives, activity outcomes, and step-by-step instructions for setting up a project, creating schemas, implementing CRUD operations, and validating data. Additionally, it provides graded tasks to extend a Product Catalog API with similar functionalities.

Uploaded by

amir.raza537918
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab 09 – Combining REST API with Mongoose

Objective:
To guide students in building the backend of a task management system using Express.js and
Mongoose. This lab helps students understand database integration, schema creation,
validation, and data relationships.

Activity Outcomes:

By the end of this lab, students will be able to:

 Integrate MongoDB with an Express.js server using Mongoose.


 Create Mongoose models with schema validation.
 Build RESTful routes for basic CRUD operations.
 Establish relationships between collections (Users and Tasks).
 Use Mongoose’s populate() for querying related data.

1) Solved Lab Activites
Sr.No Allocated Time Level of Complexity CLO Mapping
1 10 Low CLO-5
2 10 Low CLO-5
3 10 Medium CLO-5
4 10 Medium CLO-5
5 10 Medium CLO-5
6 10 Medium CLO-5

Activity 1: Setup Project and Install Packages

1. Initialize your project (or create an express-generator app instead):

mkdir task-manager && cd task-manager


npm init -y
npm install express mongoose body-parser

2. Create server.js.
3. Setup Express and MongoDB:

const express = require('express');


const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');

const app = express();


app.use(bodyParser.json());

mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/taskdb', {
useNewUrlParser: true,
useUnifiedTopology: true
}).then(() => console.log("MongoDB Connected"));

app.listen(3000, () => console.log("Server running on port 3000"));

Activity 2: Create a User Schema and Model

1. Create models/User.js:

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({


name: { type: String, required: true },
email: { type: String, required: true, unique: true }
});

module.exports = mongoose.model('User', userSchema);


You can create different files for all the models that you need in your project.

Activity 3: Create a Task Schema with Reference to User

1. Create models/Task.js:

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const taskSchema = new mongoose.Schema({


title: { type: String, required: true },
description: String,
completed: { type: Boolean, default: false },
user: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'User' }
});

module.exports = mongoose.model('Task', taskSchema);

Activity 4: Add Routes to Create Users and Tasks

1. Create routes/user.js:

const express = require('express');


const router = express.Router();
const User = require('../models/User');

router.post('/users', async (req, res) => {


const user = await User.create(req.body);
res.json(user);
});

module.exports = router;

2. Create routes/task.js:

const express = require('express');


const router = express.Router();
const Task = require('../models/Task');

router.post('/tasks', async (req, res) => {


const task = await Task.create(req.body);
res.json(task);
});

module.exports = router;

3. In server.js, register routes:

const userRoutes = require('./routes/user');


const taskRoutes = require('./routes/task');

app.use(userRoutes);
app.use(taskRoutes);
Activity 5: View All Tasks with User Info (populate)

1. Add route in task.js:

router.get('/tasks', async (req, res) => {


const tasks = await Task.find().populate('user');
res.json(tasks);
});

Activity 6: Update Task Completion Status


router.patch('/tasks/:id', async (req, res) => {
const task = await Task.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, { completed:
req.body.completed }, { new: true });
res.json(task);
});

Activity 7: Delete a Task


router.delete('/tasks/:id', async (req, res) => {
await Task.findByIdAndDelete(req.params.id);
res.send("Task deleted.");
});

Activity 8: Validate Required Fields and Handle Errors

1. Wrap create logic in try/catch:

router.post('/tasks', async (req, res) => {


try {
const task = await Task.create(req.body);
res.json(task);
} catch (err) {
res.status(400).json({ error: err.message });
}
});

Activity 9: Add Timestamps and Virtuals (Optional)


const taskSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
title: String,
user: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'User' }
}, { timestamps: true });

Activity 10: Use Query Parameters to Filter Tasks


router.get('/filter', async (req, res) => {
const completed = req.query.completed === 'true';
const tasks = await Task.find({ completed }).populate('user');
res.json(tasks);
});
2) Graded Lab Tasks

Lab Task 1: Extend Product Catalog API from previous lab to add
backend functionality with Mongoose.

You have already created a basic Product Catalog API using Express.js in the previous lab.
Now, extend that API by integrating MongoDB with Mongoose.
Perform the following tasks:
1. Setup MongoDB & Mongoose
o Install mongoose in your project using npm install mongoose.
o Connect your API to a local MongoDB instance or MongoDB Atlas.
2. Create a Mongoose Schema for Products
Your product model should include:
o name (String, required)
o price (Number, required)
o category (String)
o inStock (Boolean, default: true)
o createdAt (Date, default: Date.now)
3. Implement CRUD Functionality
o Create a new product (POST /products)
o Read all products (GET /products)
o Read a product by ID (GET /products/:id)
o Update a product by ID (PUT /products/:id)
o Delete a product by ID (DELETE /products/:id)
4. Validate Data
o Ensure products cannot be created without a name or price.
o Return appropriate HTTP status codes and error messages.
5. Test Using Postman
o Use Postman (or any REST client) to test all endpoints.
o Check both successful operations and validation errors.

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