Student Names

Ron Manasseh Namudeche BBIT/2024/45825

Seyianoi Hope BBIT/2024/58462
Aden Abdi Dubad BIT/2024/45258
Jeff Patrick BIT/2024/46196
Majak Mading Ruai BIT/2024/48794
Brian Njuguna BBIT2024/45886
Mayen Akech BIT/2024/44537

1. Identify and discuss the requirements needed for internet

connection
To have a reliable internet connection, several technical and equipment-based requirements are
essential

1. 1. Internet Service Provider (ISP)

The first step to accessing the internet is to have an ISP, like Airtel, Safaricom, or Zuku. ISPs
provide the necessary connectivity infrastructure and determine aspects such as speed, data caps,
and network coverage. Without an ISP, it’s impossible to access the internet.
 2. 2. Modem or Router

A modem is required to connect to the ISP’s network. This device modulates and demodulates
digital signals, translating data so it can be sent and received through the ISP's infrastructure. A
router is needed to distribute the connection to multiple devices in a network. Routers allow for
wireless connections (Wi-Fi) and direct, wired connections.

3. 3. Network Interface Card (NIC)

Every device, like a laptop or smartphone, needs a NIC to connect to the network. Modern
devices have built-in NICs, allowing them to connect to Wi-Fi or Ethernet directly. NICs
facilitate communication between devices and the router/modem, ensuring data transfer is
seamless.

4. 4. Transmission Medium

The physical or wireless medium that transmits data from the ISP to the devices. This can be:
Fiber Optic Cables: Provide fast and reliable internet but may not be available everywhere. DSL
or Copper Cables: Slower than fiber but still widely used. Wireless Networks: Such as 4G/5G
networks, which don't require physical cables but might have higher latency.

5. 5. IP Address and Configuration

To access the internet, each device needs a unique IP address. ISPs often assign these
automatically through DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). Proper configuration of
network settings ensures that devices can communicate with each other and with the broader
internet.

6. 6. Bandwidth

The bandwidth provided by the ISP affects the speed and quality of the connection. Higher
bandwidth allows more data to flow through the connection, which is essential for activities like
video streaming and gaming.

7. 7. DNS (Domain Name System)

DNS servers are used to translate domain names (like www.example.com) into IP addresses. An
ISP usually provides DNS servers, although users can choose alternative DNS services.

STAGES OF WEB DEVELOPMENT

1. Information Gathering

8. Before building a website, start by gathering essential information. This includes

understanding the purpose of the site, the main goals, and the target audience.
 9. The purpose defines why you’re creating the website whether it's for personal
promotion, sharing information, or another reason. Goals clarify what you aim to achieve
with the site, helping shape the design and content.

10. The target audience refers to the group the website is intended to attract. For businesses,
it’s crucial to identify this audience beforehand, picturing an ideal visitor with specific
characteristics like age, gender, and interests.

2. Planning

11. With the core information in hand, move on to planning. Using insights from the first
step, create a sitemap, which lists all the main topics and subtopics for the website.

12. A sitemap helps visualize the site's structure, showing how users can navigate
between pages. This step is essential for developing an appealing and user-friendly
website.

3. Design

· Once you’ve outlined the site’s structure, it’s time to design the visuals, including
photos, videos, and other media.

13. Keep the target audience in mind throughout the design process. For instance, a website
for a public relations agency will look different from one aimed at pet owners. The design
should reflect what the audience values and expects from the site.

4. Content

14. The content on your website is crucial, as it delivers your message to the audience and
motivates them to engage with the site.

15. Before creating this content, it’s important to define your purpose and goals, which is
why earlier planning steps are key. Content should be relevant and engaging, encouraging
visitors to return.

5. Functionality

16. At this stage, you begin building the website, combining the previous steps to bring the
design and functionality to life. The goal is to make the site user-friendly and easy to
navigate.

17. Typically, you’ll start with the homepage, followed by sub-pages. Ensure the website
works smoothly on both desktops and mobile devices.

6. Testing
 18. After building the website, it’s essential to test it thoroughly before launching. Although
time-consuming, testing ensures everything functions properly.

19. This involves checking all links, buttons, and spelling, as well as ensuring the site
displays consistently on both mobile and desktop.

7. Launch

20. Once the site passes testing, it’s time to launch. To make it public, upload it to a server.

21. Before finalizing, do a quick last check to confirm everything is working correctly, then
the website is ready for the public.

8. Monitoring and Updates

22. Even after launch, regular maintenance is important. Revisit the site periodically to catch
any issues, ensuring it remains in good shape.

23. Fix any problems promptly and keep the content fresh and up to date.

IDENTIFY AND DISCUSS THE REQUIREMENTS FOR CREATING THE WEBSITE

1. Purpose and Goals:

Definition: Clearly define the purpose of the website (e.g., informational, e-commerce, portfolio)
and set specific goals. Importance: Provides direction and helps measure the success of the
website.

2. Domain Name:

Definition: Choose and register a domain name that represents your brand or organization.
Importance: The domain name is the address of your website and plays a crucial role in branding
and SEO.

3. Web Hosting:

Definition: Select a web hosting service to store your website’s files and make it accessible on
the internet. Importance: Ensures your website is available and performs well for visitors.

4. Content:

Definition: Create engaging and relevant content, including text, images, videos, and other
media. Importance: Content is key to attracting and retaining visitors, and it must align with the
website purpose and target audience.
5. Design and Layout:

Definition: Plan the website’s design, including layout, color scheme, typography, and overall
look and feel. Importance: A visually appealing design enhances user experience and reflects
your brand’s identity.

6. Functionality and Features:

Definition: Identify the necessary functionalities and features, such as contact forms, e-
commerce capabilities, blogs, or interactive elements. Importance: Ensures the website meets
user needs and supports the website’s goals.

7. User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI) Design:

Definition: Focus on creating a seamless and intuitive user experience and interface. Importance:
Good UX/UI design enhances user satisfaction and engagement.

8. Mobile Responsiveness:

Definition: Ensure the website is responsive and works well on various devices, including
smartphones and tablets.

Importance: A significant portion of web traffic comes from mobile devices, so responsiveness is
critical for accessibility and usability.

9. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

Definition: Implement SEO best practices to improve the website’s visibility on search engines.
Importance: Helps attract organic traffic and improve the website’s ranking on search engine
results pages (SERPs).

10. Security:

Definition: Implement security measures such as SSL certificates, secure payment gateways, and
regular updates. Importance: Protects user data and builds trust with visitors.

11. Analytics and Monitoring:

Definition: Set up analytics tools like Google Analytics to track website performance and user
behavior. Importance: Provides insights into how visitors interact with the website and helps
inform future improvements.

12. Testing and Launch:

Definition: Conduct thorough testing to identify and fix any issues before launching the website.
Importance: Ensures a smooth and error-free user experience at launch.
13. Maintenance and Updates:

Definition: Regularly update content, software, and security features to keep the website current
and secure. Importance: Ensures the website remains relevant, functional, and protected from
threats.