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Computer Fundamentals Connectors Cables

The document provides an overview of various computer ports, connectors, and cables, detailing their functions and specifications. Key connectors include USB, VGA, HDMI, and audio ports, while cable types discussed include coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optic. It also touches on basic computer configuration, illustrating a typical setup with essential hardware components.

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2 views4 pages

Computer Fundamentals Connectors Cables

The document provides an overview of various computer ports, connectors, and cables, detailing their functions and specifications. Key connectors include USB, VGA, HDMI, and audio ports, while cable types discussed include coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optic. It also touches on basic computer configuration, illustrating a typical setup with essential hardware components.

Uploaded by

manigokuldas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Fundamentals: Ports, Connectors, and Cables

Connectors and Ports:

1. USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port:

- Connects external devices (e.g. hard disk, printer, keyboard).

- Introduced in 1997.

- Transfers data at 12 Mbps.

- Can also supply power to devices.

- Types: Type A, Type B, Mini USB, Micro USB.

2. VGA Port:

- Found in monitors, projectors, video cards.

- 15 pins in 3 rows (DE-15 connector).

- Connects computers to CRT monitors.

- Supports up to 648x480 resolution.

3. Power Connector:

- 3-pronged plug.

- Connects to computer power cable.

4. Audio Ports:

- Connects speakers or audio devices.

- Can be analog or digital.

- Multiple types based on channel: 2-channel, 4-channel, 6-channel, etc.

5. DVI (Digital Video Interface):


- High-speed digital interface between computer and display.

- Transmits lossless digital video.

- Replaces VGA.

6. Mini-DVI:

- Smaller than regular DVI.

- 32-pin port.

- Transmits DVI, Composite, S-Video, VGA with adapters.

7. Micro-DVI:

- Smaller than Mini-DVI.

- Only transmits digital signals.

- Found on thin laptops.

- Needs adapters for DVI/VGA.

8. RCA Connector:

- Carries composite video and stereo audio.

- Yellow: video; Red/White: audio.

- Max resolution: 576i.

9. Component Video:

- Splits video signals into three channels (Red, Green, Blue).

- Better quality than composite video.

- Can be analog or digital.

Cables and Networking:


10. HDMI (High Definition Media Interface):

- Digital interface for HD/Ultra HD devices.

- Transmits uncompressed video and compressed/uncompressed audio.

- Used in TVs, Blu-ray, gaming consoles, etc.

11. RJ-45 (Ethernet):

- 8-pin connector.

- Used for LAN/internet.

- Supports up to 10 Gbps (Gigabit Ethernet).

12. Coaxial Cable:

- Invented in the 1880s.

- Transmits signals using copper core and shield.

- Two types:

- Thin coaxial - shorter, flexible.

- Thick coaxial - long-distance, rigid.

13. Twisted Pair Cable:

- Widely used for Ethernet.

- Types:

- UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair)

- STP (Shielded Twisted Pair)

- Categories: Cat3, Cat5, Cat6 etc.

- Carries data up to 10 Gbps.

14. Fiber Optic Cable:

- Uses glass core to transmit light.


- High bandwidth and low interference.

- Two types:

- Single-mode: long distances.

- Multi-mode: short distances.

15. USB Cables:

- Connect peripherals (e.g. mouse, keyboard).

- Also used for Ethernet via adapter.

- Uses twisted pair wiring.

16. Serial and Parallel Cables:

- Used before Ethernet.

- Now obsolete.

- Used for PC-to-PC connections.

17. Crossover Cables:

- Connects devices of the same type (e.g. PC to PC).

- Reorders wires inside the cable.

18. Other Network Cables:

- Patch cables: short length for temporary setup.

- Can be coaxial, twisted pair, or fiber optic.

Basic Computer Configuration:

- Refers to the arrangement of hardware/software.

- Example setup: 8 GB RAM, Hard Disk, Modem, CD-ROM, VGA Monitor, Operating System.

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