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Scientific Python 2025-01-28

This document outlines a course on statistical models and methods using Python, led by Maikey Zaki Bia. It includes information on course requirements, recommended literature, computer room policies, and software environment setup for different operating systems. Additionally, it introduces the Zen of Python principles and provides instructions for running a simple 'Hello World' program in Python.

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Maiky Khorani
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8 views29 pages

Scientific Python 2025-01-28

This document outlines a course on statistical models and methods using Python, led by Maikey Zaki Bia. It includes information on course requirements, recommended literature, computer room policies, and software environment setup for different operating systems. Additionally, it introduces the Zen of Python principles and provides instructions for running a simple 'Hello World' program in Python.

Uploaded by

Maiky Khorani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Scientific Python

M. Maikey Zaki Bia


28/1/2025
Introduction to Statistical
Models and Methods using
Python
Lesson 1.
Introduction
Introdution
● Lecturer: Maikey Zaki Bia, Msc
○ http://Maikey Khorani | Biography
Course application
recommendation
Install Anaconda
platform
Requirements
● 5-minute classroom test on each lesson in
Bologna
● Project work in 3-person groups
● Max. number of absences: 3
● The final mark is based on the Project work +
the points of the 5-minute tests
Recommended literature
● Bernd Klein: Python course
http://www.python-course.eu/
● Guido van Rossum: An Introduction to Python
● Guido van Rossum: Python for Unix/C Programmers
● Mark Lutz: Learning Python (5th edition)
● Mark Lutz: Programming Python (4th edition)
● Zed A. Shaw: Learn Python - The hard way (Third edition)
https://learnpythonthehardway.org
● Martin Fowler: UML distilled (3rd edition)
https://dewacoding.files.wordpress.com/2017/01/uml-distilled-3rd-
ed.pdf

We are going to use figures, examples from these sites and books along
the entire slideshow.
Computer room policy
● In the computer room can only stay students, who are
subscribed to the course
● Eating, drinking is prohibited
● Everyone must use his/her own ID to log-in to the
computers
● In case of malicious damage (hardware / software),
disciplinary proceedings may be instituted
Software environment
● If you want or using Linux on the lessons (despite Python
is a cross-platform language)
● Python version 3 will be covered
● For text editor you can use gedit or vim
● For interactive interpreter we’ll be using iPython
The Zen of Python
● Grab a shell, start an interactive Python
interpreter and enter:
import this
The Zen of Python
Beautiful is better than ugly.
- Simple extension syntax
- Consistent syntax and behaviour
Explicit is better than implicit.
- No “hidden” loop variables
- Use “self” to refer to object inside a method
Simple is better than complex.
- Rely on garbage collection
- Test statements with the interactive interpreter
The Zen of Python
Complex is better than complicated.
- Use the right packages to solve a problem,
without making your code complicated
Flat is better than nested.
- Use modules from the standard library
- Namespaces are flat
- No need to use long module names
Sparse is better than dense.
- Standard lib’s are kept small, use pip to install
the rest.
The Zen of Python
Readability counts.
- Whitespace for block structures
- Minimal punctuation
Special cases aren't special enough to break the
rules.
- Everything is an object
- Methods and functions differ by scope
- Keep most features in external modules
The Zen of Python
Although practicality beats purity.
- Multiple programming models (OOP, Procedural,
Functional)
Errors should never pass silently.
- Exception based error handling
- Tracebacks aid debugging
Unless explicitly silenced.
- Catch exceptions with try:except
- Process / Convert / Ignore
The Zen of Python
In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to
guess.
- Coarse types only when not surprising
- Can not add a String to a number, but you can
multiply a string
There should be one-- and preferably only one --
obvious way to do it.
- Eliminate redundacy
- Easier to learn and remember
The Zen of Python
Although that way may not be obvious at first
unless you're Dutch.
- No comment...
Now is better than never.
- Python2 vs Python3
Although never is often better than *right* now.
- Language moratorium
- Not everything goes into stdlib anymore
The Zen of Python
If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad
idea.

If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be


a good idea.

Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's


do more of those!

http://www.slideshare.net/doughellmann/an-introduction-to-the-zen-of-python
Why do people use
Python?
● Roughly 1 million Python users worldwide
● Main benefits
○ Software quality
○ Developer productivity
○ Program portability
○ Support libraries
○ Component integration
Technical strengths
● Object-Oriented and Functional
● Free
● Portable
● Powerful
● Mixable
● Relatively Easy to Use
● Relatively Easy to Learn
Byte code
● The soure code is first compiled to byte code
(.py -> .pyc)
● The byte code is a lower-level, platform-
independent representation of your source
code
● Byte code is saved in files only for files that
are imported
The Python Virtual
Machine (PVM)
● PVM is the runtime engine of Python
● Iterates through your byte code instructions
Setting up the
environment (Windows)
● https://www.python.org/downloads
● Download latest stable installer from version
3.x.x
● While installing select checkbox “Add Python
to environment variables”
● Make sure install of pip is also selected
● After installing, logout, then login
● Run Command Prompt as Administrator
● Type “python” and hit enter, you should see
the Python3 console
Setting up the
environment (Windows)
● Now, quit from console by calling: quit()
● Install iPython by typing to Command prompt:
pip install ipython
● You may need to run the install command
twice (?)
● Type to Command prompt: ipython
to start iPython console
Setting up the
environment (Debian)
● Make sure Python3 is installed
● Install package “python3-pip”
● Start a Terminal and type “python3”,
you should see the Python3 console
● Exit from the console: Ctrl+D
● To install iPython type:
“sudo pip3 install ipython”
● Type “ipython” to start the interpreter
Setting up the
environment (OSX)
● Make sure Homebrew is installed (as root):
$ ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL
https://raw.githubusercontent.com
/Homebrew/install/master/install)
"
● Install package “python3”
$ brew install python3
● To install iPython type:
$ pip3 install ipython
● Type “ipython” to start the interpreter
Setting up the
environment (OSX)
● Make sure Homebrew is installed (as root):
$ ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL
https://raw.githubusercontent.com
/Homebrew/install/master/install)
"
● Install package “python3”
$ brew install python3
● To install iPython type:
$ pip3 install ipython
● Type “ipython” to start the interpreter
Hello World (in terminal)
● Start iPython and type:
print(‘Hello World!’)

● You should see the string ‘Hello


World!’ was printed to the
console
Hello World (with file)
● Start create the file “hello.py” with the
following content:
print(“Hello World!”)

● Run:
$ python hello.py

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