Info4 Chap7
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feriel.bouguerra2006Chapter 7
Dictionaries
2024/2025
C.SAYAH
Definition and creation of a dictionary
What’s a dictionary?
• A dictionary is a collection of key-value pairs, where each key is unique, and it maps
to a specific value.
• Dictionaries are ordered and changeable, and don’t allow duplicate keys.
How to create a dictionary?
• To create a dictionary, use curly braces {}
• Each key is separated from its value using a colon :
• Key-value pairs are separated by commas ,
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Definition and creation of a dictionary
How to access dictionary values?
• Use the key to get a value.
➢ If the key doesn’t exist, a keyError will be raised.
• To avoid errors if the key doesn’t exist, use the method get().
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Removing dictionary items
❑ Use the function pop(key) to remove a key and returns its value.
❑ Use the function del dict[key] to delete a key.
❑ Use the function popitem() to remove and returns the last key-value pair.
❑ Use the function clear() to empty the dictionary : it returns an empty dict {}.
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Traversing dictionary items
• You can loop through a dictionary by using a for loop, and there are three traversing methods
➢ Loop through keys
➢ Loop through values
➢ Loop through both keys and values
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Dictionaries as function parameters
• Dictionaries can be used as function parameters :
➢ Passing a dictionary as an argument
You can pass a dictionary to a function just like other variable.
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Dictionaries as function parameters
➢ Passing a dictionary as a kwargs (keyword arguments)
If you don’t know in advance how many key-value pairs will be passed to the function
use **kwargs.
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Exercise
❖ What will be the output of the following code?
student = {“name”:“Emma”, “age”:22, “field”: “computer science”}
print(student[“grade”])
A. Emma
B. 22
C. Computer Science
D. KeyError
❖ You have the dictionary:
car = {"brand": "Toyota", "model": "Corolla", "year": 2020}
• Modify the year to 2023 and add a new key color with the value red.
Hint
• Use the function update({key:value}) to add new pair to the dictionary, or you can access
directly using dict[key] = value.
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Answers
❖ What will be the output of the following code?
student = {“name”:“Emma”, “age”:22, “field”: “computer science”}
print(student[“grade”])
A. Emma
B. 22
C. Computer Science
D. KeyError ✅
❖ Updating the dictionary car
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Thank you!
Do you have questions?
