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CS101 Short Notes

CS101 covers the fundamentals of computing, including the definition of a computer, its basic components, and the distinction between hardware and software. It discusses types of software, the role of operating systems, number systems, computer networks, programming basics, memory types, and security and ethics in computing. This course provides a foundational understanding essential for further studies in computer science.

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5 views2 pages

CS101 Short Notes

CS101 covers the fundamentals of computing, including the definition of a computer, its basic components, and the distinction between hardware and software. It discusses types of software, the role of operating systems, number systems, computer networks, programming basics, memory types, and security and ethics in computing. This course provides a foundational understanding essential for further studies in computer science.

Uploaded by

Umair ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CS101 - Introduction to Computing (Short Notes)

1. What is a Computer?

An electronic device that takes input, processes it, stores data, and gives output.

2. Basic Components of a Computer:

- Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse

- Output Devices: Monitor, Printer

- CPU: Processes data

- Memory: RAM (temporary), Hard Drive (permanent)

3. Hardware vs Software:

- Hardware: Physical parts of computer (CPU, RAM)

- Software: Instructions for hardware (Windows, MS Word)

4. Types of Software:

- System Software: OS like Windows

- Application Software: MS Office, Browsers

5. What is an Operating System?

System software that manages computer hardware and software. Examples: Windows, Linux

6. Number Systems:

- Binary (Base 2), Decimal (Base 10), Octal (Base 8), Hexadecimal (Base 16)

- Used in computing and digital systems

7. Computer Networks:

- LAN: Local Area Network

- WAN: Wide Area Network

- Internet: Global network to share information

8. Programming Basics:
Languages like C, C++, Python are used to write programs. Compiler converts code into machine

language.

9. Memory Types:

- RAM: Temporary memory

- ROM: Permanent memory

- Secondary Storage: Hard Drive, SSD

10. Security & Ethics:

- Use antivirus, firewalls

- Be aware of cyber ethics and privacy rules

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