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Introduction to Python Modules

The document provides an introduction to Python modules, explaining what a module is and how to import them using various methods. It highlights commonly used modules such as math, random, and statistics, along with their key functions and examples of usage. The content is aimed at helping users understand how to organize and utilize code effectively in Python.

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2 views2 pages

Introduction to Python Modules

The document provides an introduction to Python modules, explaining what a module is and how to import them using various methods. It highlights commonly used modules such as math, random, and statistics, along with their key functions and examples of usage. The content is aimed at helping users understand how to organize and utilize code effectively in Python.

Uploaded by

mhmdhamthun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Python Modules

1. What is a Module?

A module in Python is a file containing Python definitions and statements. It helps in


organizing code into reusable components. Python has many built-in modules, and we can
also create our own.

2. Importing Modules in Python

Method Syntax Usage


Importing entire import module_name Allows access to all functions and
module constants using
module_name.function()
Importing specific from module_name Directly uses function_name()
functions/constants import
function_name
without needing module_name. prefix
Importing module with import module_name Shortens module name for convenience
as alias
alias

Example: Importing Modules

import math # Importing the math module


print(math.pi) # Output: 3.141592653589793

from math import sqrt, pi # Importing specific functions


print(sqrt(16)) # Output: 4.0
print(pi) # Output: 3.141592653589793

import statistics as stat # Importing module with an alias


print(stat.mean([10, 20, 30])) # Output: 20.0

3. Commonly Used Python Modules

Python provides several built-in modules. Below are three commonly used modules and their
functions:

A. math Module
The math module provides mathematical functions.

Function/Constant Description Example


pi Value of π (3.14159...) math.pi → 3.141592653589793
e Euler's number (2.718...) math.e → 2.718281828459045
sqrt(x) Square root of x math.sqrt(25) → 5.0
ceil(x) Smallest integer ≥ x math.ceil(4.2) → 5
floor(x) Largest integer ≤ x math.floor(4.8) → 4
pow(x, y) x raised to power y math.pow(2, 3) → 8.0
fabs(x) Absolute value of x math.fabs(-7.5) → 7.5
sin(x) Sine of x (radians) math.sin(math.pi/2) → 1.0
cos(x) Cosine of x (radians) math.cos(0) → 1.0
tan(x) Tangent of x (radians) math.tan(math.pi/4) → 1.0

Example: Using math Module

import math
print(math.sqrt(36)) # Output: 6.0
print(math.pi) # Output: 3.141592653589793
print(math.ceil(4.3)) # Output: 5
print(math.floor(4.7)) # Output: 4

B. random Module
The random module is used to generate random numbers.

Function Description Example


random() Returns a random float between random.random() → 0.5678
0 and 1
randint(a, b) Returns a random integer random.randint(1, 10) →
between a and b (inclusive) 7
randrange(start, Returns a random number from random.randrange(1, 10,
stop, step) 2) → 3
range (start, stop, step)

Example: Using random Module

import random
print(random.random()) # Output: Random float between 0 and 1
print(random.randint(1, 10)) # Output: Random integer between 1 and 10
print(random.randrange(1, 10, 2)) # Output: Random number from (1,3,5,7,9)

C. statistics Module
The statistics module provides functions to perform statistical operations.

Function Description Example


mean(data) Returns the arithmetic mean statistics.mean([10, 20, 30]) →
20.0
median(data) Returns the middle value statistics.median([1, 3, 3, 6]) →
3.0
mode(data) Returns the most common statistics.mode([1, 2, 2, 3]) →2
value

Example: Using statistics Module

import statistics
data = [10, 20, 20, 30, 40]
print(statistics.mean(data)) # Output: 24.0
print(statistics.median(data)) # Output: 20
print(statistics.mode(data)) # Output: 20

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