C Programming Notes for Beginners
1. Introduction to C
- C is a general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie.
- It is widely used in system/software development.
- .c is the file extension for C programs.
2. Basic Structure of a C Program
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
// Your code here
return 0;
3. Data Types & Variables
int age = 20;
float pi = 3.14;
char grade = 'A';
4. Input and Output
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
printf("You entered: %d", num);
return 0;
5. Conditional Statements
int num = 5;
if(num % 2 == 0)
printf("Even");
else
printf("Odd");
6. Loops
for loop:
for(int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
printf("%d\n", i);
while loop:
int i = 1;
while(i <= 5) {
printf("%d\n", i);
i++;
7. Functions
int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
int main() {
int result = add(3, 4);
printf("Sum = %d", result);
return 0;
Practice Programs
1. Sum of Two Numbers
int a, b;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
printf("Sum = %d", a + b);
2. Check Even or Odd
int num;
scanf("%d", &num);
if(num % 2 == 0)
printf("Even");
else
printf("Odd");
3. Factorial of a Number
int n, fact = 1;
scanf("%d", &n);
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
fact *= i;
printf("Factorial = %d", fact);
4. Fibonacci Series
int n, a = 0, b = 1, c;
scanf("%d", &n);
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
printf("%d ", a);
c = a + b;
a = b;
b = c;
5. Check Prime Number
int n, flag = 0;
scanf("%d", &n);
for(int i = 2; i <= n/2; i++) {
if(n % i == 0) {
flag = 1;
break;
if(flag == 0)
printf("Prime");
else
printf("Not Prime");