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Binary Arithmetic Binary Addition: MODULE 3 - Number System Arithmetic

The document discusses binary arithmetic including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It explains that binary only uses 0s and 1s unlike decimal which uses 0-9. Binary addition and subtraction follow simple rules like 0+0=0, 0+1=1, 1+1=10. Binary multiplication is also simple, with rules like 0x0=0 and 1x1=1. Binary division works similarly to decimal division and involves multiplication. Examples are provided to demonstrate binary arithmetic operations.

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Jim Sumaya
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87 views

Binary Arithmetic Binary Addition: MODULE 3 - Number System Arithmetic

The document discusses binary arithmetic including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It explains that binary only uses 0s and 1s unlike decimal which uses 0-9. Binary addition and subtraction follow simple rules like 0+0=0, 0+1=1, 1+1=10. Binary multiplication is also simple, with rules like 0x0=0 and 1x1=1. Binary division works similarly to decimal division and involves multiplication. Examples are provided to demonstrate binary arithmetic operations.

Uploaded by

Jim Sumaya
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 3 - Number System Arithmetic Binary Arithmetic Binary addition

Binary works in the same way, except that only 0's and 1's can be used, instead of the whole spectrum of 0-9. This actually makes binary addition much simpler than decimal addition, as we only need to remember the following: 0+0=0 0+1=1 1+0=1 1 + 1 = 10 As an example of binary addition we have, 101 +101 a) To add these two numbers, we first consider the "ones" column and calculate 1 + 1, which (in binary) results in 10. We "carry" the 1 to the "tens" column, and the leave the 0 in the "ones" column. b) Moving on to the "tens" column, we calculate 1 + (0 + 0), which gives 1. Nothing "carries" to the "hundreds" column, and we leave the 1 in the "tens" column. c) Moving on to the "hundreds" column, we calculate 1 + 1, which gives 10. We "carry" the 1 to the "thousands" column, leaving the 0 in the "hundreds" column. 101 +101 1010 Another example of binary addition: 1011 +1011 10110 Note that in the "tens" column, we have 1 + (1 + 1), where the first 1 is "carried" from the "ones" column. Recall that in binary,

1 + 1 + 1 = 10 + 1 = 11

Binary subtraction
Subtraction Rules: 00=0 0 1 = 1 borrow 2 10=1 11=0

Binary is simplified as well, as long as we remember how subtraction and the base 2 number system. Let's first look at an easy example. 111 - 10 101 Note that the difference is the same if this was decimal subtraction. Also similar to decimal subtraction is the concept of "borrowing." Watch as "borrowing" occurs when a larger digit, say 8, is subtracted from a smaller digit, say 5, as shown below in decimal subtraction. 35 - 8 27 For 10 minus 1, 1 is borrowed from the "tens" column for use in the "ones" column, leaving the "tens" column with only 2. The following examples show "borrowing" in binary subtraction. 10 - 1 1 100 - 10 10 1010 - 110 100

Binary multiplication
Binary multiplication is actually much simpler than decimal multiplication. In the case of decimal multiplication, we need to remember 3 x 9 = 27, 7 x 8 = 56, and so on. In binary multiplication, we only need to remember the following, 0x0=0 0x1=0

1x0=0 1x1=1 Note that since binary operates in base 2, the multiplication rules we need to remember are those that involve 0 and 1 only. As an example of binary multiplication we have 101 times 11, 101 x11 First we multiply 101 by 1, which produces 101. Then we put a 0 as a placeholder as we would in decimal multiplication, and multiply 101 by 1, which produces 101. 101 x11 101 1010 <-- the 0 here is the placeholder The next step, as with decimal multiplication, is to add. The results from our previous step indicates that we must add 101 and 1010, the sum of which is 1111. 101 x11 101 1010 1111

Binary division
Binary division is almost as easy, and involves our knowledge of binary multiplication. Take for example the division of 1011 into 11. 11 R=10 11 )1011 -11 101 -11 10 <-- remainder, R To check our answer, we first multiply our divisor 11 by our quotient 11. Then we add its' product to the remainder 10, and compare it to our dividend of 1011. 11 x 11 11

11 1001 <-- product of 11 and 11 1001 + 10 1011 <-- sum of product and remainder The sum is equal to our initial dividend, therefore our solution is correct.

Note: Please research Octal and Hexadecimal arithmetic so that you could answer activity 2 and 3.

Acitivity 1. Perform the following binary arithmetic :

1. +

111101012 101111112 111111112

2. 1010102 + 1111102 -

3. 1100102 111012 -

4. 100000012 1110102

5. 101112 X 10112

6.

1012101112

Activity 2. Perform Octal Aritmetic

1.

3478 + 6558 1224

2. 7758 + 5668 1563

3. 6208 - 4768 122

4. 7018 - 3348 345

5. 2358 x 1438 36267

6. 7528 x 578 54766

7. 3468/ 258 =

12

Activity 3. Perform Hexadecimal Arithmetic

1.

BEEF16 + ED916

2. 456716 + B3C16

3. B10A16 - 32C916

4. 67FE 16 - 506F16

5. 45616 x 6716

6. A2316 X BD16

7. 78968 / 568

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