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Mathematics Formular Cribsheet

This document is a comprehensive guide covering various mathematical concepts, including number representation, place value, rounding, and basic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It provides examples, methods, and explanations for each topic, making it a useful resource for understanding and solving mathematical problems. Key topics include factors, multiples, word problems, and estimation techniques.

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raidenbisramgopaul24
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15 views5 pages

Mathematics Formular Cribsheet

This document is a comprehensive guide covering various mathematical concepts, including number representation, place value, rounding, and basic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It provides examples, methods, and explanations for each topic, making it a useful resource for understanding and solving mathematical problems. Key topics include factors, multiples, word problems, and estimation techniques.

Uploaded by

raidenbisramgopaul24
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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**"Mathematics is the music of reason.

" – James Joseph Sylvester**

Here’s a comprehensive crib sheet for the topics you've outlined. This
guide provides formulas, methods, examples, and explanations for each
concept:

---

### 1. **Number Concepts, Place Value, and Rounding**


**Place Value:**
Each digit in a number has a place value depending on its position.
- **Example**: In the number 4,582, the 4 is in the "thousands" place,
representing 4,000.
**Rounding**: Round to the nearest ten, hundred, thousand, etc., based
on the digit in the next place value.
- **Example**: Round 4,582 to the nearest thousand → 5,000.

---

### 2. **Represent Any Number up to One Million (Numerals & Word


Names)**
- **Numerals**: Write the number as digits.
**Example**: 245,678
- **Word Names**: Write the number in words.
**Example**: Two hundred forty-five thousand, six hundred seventy-
eight.

---

### 3. **Represent a Number Up to One Million (Multiple Models)**


- **Concrete Model**: Use objects like base-ten blocks to show
quantities.
- **Pictorial Model**: Use pictures or drawings of groups to represent
numbers.
- **Symbolic Model**: Use numerals and number names (e.g., 478,543 or
four hundred seventy-eight thousand, five hundred forty-three).

---

### 4. **State the Value or Place Value of a Digit**


In the number 245,678, the place value of the 6 is 6 tens, or 60.

---
### 5. **Sequence Number Names and Numerals**
List numbers in order from smallest to largest or vice versa.
- **Example**: Sequence of numbers: 3, 5, 7, 9.

---

### 6. **Compare Whole Numbers (Using > or < Symbols)**


- **Example**: 245,678 > 123,456
- **Explanation**: The left number has a higher value.

---

### 7. **Order Numbers in Ascending or Descending Order**


**Ascending**: Smallest to largest.
**Descending**: Largest to smallest.
- **Example**: Ascending order: 123,456, 245,678, 876,543.
- **Descending order**: 876,543, 245,678, 123,456.

---

### 8. **Identify Missing Numbers in a Sequence or Number Line**


Fill in the blank spaces.
- **Example**: 10, ___, 12, 13 → Missing number is 11.

---

### 9. **Express a Whole Number in Expanded Notation**


Write a number as the sum of its place value components.
- **Example**: 3,542 = 3,000 + 500 + 40 + 2

---

### 10. **Write the Numeral for Given Expanded Notation**


- **Example**: 4,000 + 300 + 50 + 8 = 4,358

---

### 11. **Round to the Nearest Thousand**


- **Example**: Round 4,567 to the nearest thousand → 5,000.

---

### 12. **Factors and Multiples**


- **Factors**: Numbers that divide evenly into a number.
**Example**: Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
- **Multiples**: Products of a number and integers.
**Example**: Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ...
- **Prime Numbers**: Numbers with exactly two distinct factors: 1 and
itself.
**Example**: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11
- **Composite Numbers**: Numbers with more than two factors.
**Example**: 4, 6, 8, 9
- **Square Numbers**: Numbers that are the square of an integer.
**Example**: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 (1², 2², 3², 4², 5²)

---

### 13. **Square of a Number up to 12**


- **Example**: 12² = 144

---

### 14. **List Square Numbers Up to 144**


- 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144

---

### 15. **Solve Addition & Subtraction Problems (Up to 4-Digit Numbers)**
- **Example**: 4,567 + 3,432 = 7,999
- **Example**: 7,654 - 2,345 = 5,309

---

### 16. **Real-Life Word Problems (Addition & Subtraction)**


- **Example**: If you have $12.50 and spend $7.25, how much is left?
**Solution**: 12.50 - 7.25 = 5.25

---

### 17. **Solve Multiplication and Division Problems (2–4 Digit by 1–2
Digit)**
- **Example (Multiplication)**: 236 × 12 = 2,832
- **Example (Division)**: 4,500 ÷ 15 = 300

---

### 18. **Unitary Method (One-Step Problems with Money)**


- **Example**: If 1 pen costs $2, how much do 5 pens cost?
**Solution**: 5 × 2 = $10

---

### 19. **Multiplication and Division Procedures (Word Problems)**


- **Example**: If each person gets 3 slices of pizza and there are 12
people, how many slices are needed?
**Solution**: 12 × 3 = 36 slices

---

### 20. **Multi-Step Multiplication & Division with Money**


- **Example**: If a book costs $15 and you buy 4 books, then get a
discount of 10% off the total, how much do you pay?
**Solution**:
Total = 4 × 15 = $60
Discount = 10% of 60 = $6
Final price = 60 - 6 = $54

---

### 21. **Explain Procedures for Multiplication (Words & Diagrams)**


- **Example**: 24 × 3 = 72
- **Step-by-step**: Multiply 24 by 3: (20 × 3) + (4 × 3) = 60 + 12 = 72

---

### 22. **Explain Procedures for Division (Words & Diagrams)**


- **Example**: 56 ÷ 4 = 14
- **Step-by-step**: Divide 56 into 4 equal parts: 56 ÷ 4 = 14

---

### 23. **Interpret Remainders**


- **Example**: 29 ÷ 4 = 7 remainder 1
- **Interpretation**: There are 7 whole parts with 1 left over.

---

### 24. **One-Step Word Problems (Any Operation)**


- **Example**: 15 + 7 = 22

---
### 25. **Multi-Step Word Problems (Any Combination of Operations)**
- **Example**: Sarah has 15 apples. She buys 7 more and then gives 5
to her friend. How many apples does she have left?
**Solution**: 15 + 7 - 5 = 17 apples.

---

### 26. **Estimation in Problem Solving**


- **Example**: Estimate 123 + 88. Round each number to the nearest
ten:
120 + 90 = 210 (Estimation).

---

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